Slides for Bob

1. Antibiotic Use:
Feed Additives vs. Human Medicine

2. Externalitie
• Not included in retail price or in
s
analyses of productivity
• Externalities include:
– Depletion of resources—e.g., fossil
fuel, water, soil, and biodiversity
– Pollution of resources by the
products of fuel
combustion, pesticides and fertilizers
– Economic, social and health costs to
communities—e.g., lost property
values, lost QALYs
• External costs seldom accounted for in
the food’s price

3. Horizontal gene transfer
from Fuyura, Nature
Reviews Microbiology,
2006

4. Why do processed foods cost less than healthy foods?

5. Global Hunger &
Malnutrition

6. GHG Emissions from Food

7. Antibiotic Use: Feed
Additives vs. Human
Medicine

8. Produce Contamination
and Human Illness
• 76 million cases of foodborne illness in
the U.S. per year (Mead et al., 1999)
• Foodborne illness associated with
produce is increasing over time

9. Environmental
• Water consumed at Impacts
unsustainable rates
• Synthetic chemical pesticides and fertilizers pollute
soil, water, and air
• Soil eroding much faster than it can be replenished
• Monocultures erode biodiversity among both plants and
animals

10. Plant-Based Diets vs. Diets
with Animal Protein
… 9.5–10 billion
people
… 6.2 billion
people
A grain-based diet could feed
…
An ―American-style‖ diet high in … 2.5 billion
… 3.5–4 billion
animal protein could feed … people
people

11. Global Meat Consumption
82% Increase Since 1961
Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

12. U.S. Meat
Consumption Growth
Continues
*Data for 2005 is an estimate; data for 2006-2007 are
projections
^Excluding veal
Source: USDA, Economic Research Service

13. Meat Consumption in America
Meat consumption comparison
(pounds per person per year)

14. The link between diet and health
Diets high in meat and saturated
fat increase our risk for heart
disease, stroke, cancer and
diabetes.
Typical American meal
high in fat and saturated
fat
Diets high in
fruit, vegetables, whole
grains, beans and low-fat dairy
foods help prevent these same
Healthy, low-fat meal diseases.

15. Produce Contamination
and Human Illness
• Approx. 48 million cases of foodborne
illness in the U.S. per year (CDC
estimates)
• Foodborne illness associated with
produce is increasing over time

16. Meat Consumption
Continues to Increase in US
U.S Per Capita Meat Consumption 1950 - 2007*
.
300
Retail cut equiv./lb. per person
225 Total
150
Chicken
75 Beef^
Pork
Turkey
0 Veal
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2002 2004 2006*
*Data for 2005 is an estimate; data for 2006-2007 are projections
^Excluding veal
Source: US DA, Economic Research S vice
er