The document discusses different verbs that can be followed by gerunds or infinitives, and how the meaning can change depending on which is used. Some verbs, like "stop" and "try" have very different meanings depending on if a gerund or infinitive follows. Other verbs like "begin" and "forget" can have the same meaning with either construction in some contexts but different meanings in other contexts. Overall, the proper use of gerunds and infinitives following verbs is important for conveying the intended nuance and meaning.

2. “gerunds and
infinitives”

3. “gerunds and
infinitives”
Changes in meaning:
I stopped to Smoke
VS
I Stopped Smoking

4. “gerunds and
infinitives”
Changes in meaning:
I stopped to Smoke
VS
I Stopped Smoking

6. Verb "See"

7. Verb "See"

8. Verb "See"

9. Verb "See"
Seeing. to see

10. Verb "See"
Seeing. to see
GERUND

11. Verb "See"
Seeing. to see
GERUND INFINITIV

12. VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS
• Admit • Continue • Involve
• Recollect
• Advise • Defend • Keep
• Recommend
• Allow • Delay • Like
• Report
• Anticipate • Deny • Love
• Require
• Appreciate • Despise • Mention
• Resent
• Avoid • Discuss • Mind
• Resist
• Begin • Dislike • Need
• Risk
• Can't bear • Don't mind • Neglect
• Start
• Can't • Dread • Permit
• Stop
• Can't help • Encourage • Postpone
• Suggest
• Can't see • Enjoy • Practice
• Tolerate
• Can't stand • Finish • Prefer
• Try
• Cease • Forget • Propose
• Understand
• Complete • Hate • Quit
• Urge
• Consider • Imagine • Recall

13. Examples verbs followed by gerunds
Admit The student admitted cheating on the test 😔
Can't stand Octavio can't stand listening to "Banda" music 😖
Deny Peña Nieto denies buying votes to be a president 😡
Enjoy People always enjoy traveling around the world ✈
Hate I hate cleaning the bathroom 🚽
Imagine "Imagine all the people living for today" ❤
Mention The teacher mentioned failing the lazy people 👎
VERB GERUND

14. VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS OR
INFINITIVES (similar meaning)
• Can't bear • Love
• Can't stand • Neglect
• Cease • Prefer
• Continue • Propose
• Hate • Begin
• Like • Start

15. Examples verbs followed by gerunds or
infinitives (similar meaning)
I propose eating some lunch I propose to eat some lunch
Propose
🍔 🍔
Can't Octavio can't stand listening Octavio can't stand to listen
stand to "Banda" music 😖 to "Banda" music 😖
Like Samantha likes reading 📖 Samantha likes to read 📖
Homer Simpson loves Homer Simpson loves to
Love
drinking beer🍺 drink beer🍺
She continued talking about She continued to talk about
Continue
politics 😞 politics 😞
VERB GERUND INFINITIVE

16. VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS OR
NOUNS + Infinitives
• Advise
• Allow
• Encourage
• Permit
• Require
• Urge
• Remind

17. Examples verbs followed by gerunds or
nouns + infinitives
I advise them to see a doctor
Advise I advise seeing a doctor 😷
😷
Ireland doesn't allow smoking Ireland doesn't allow people
Allow
in bars 🚬c. to smoke in bars 🚬
Governments urge recycling Governments urge people to
Urge
immediately 🍃 recycle immediately 🍃
Getting a B.A. Degree Getting a B.A. Degree
Require requires completing 4 years requires students to complete
🎓 4 years 🎓
VERB GERUND NOUN + INFINITIVE

18. VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS OR
INFINITIVES (Different meaning)
• Begin
• Dread
• Forget
• Keep
• Need
• Regret
• Remember
• Start
• Stop
• Try

19. Examples verbs followed by gerunds or
infinitives (Different meaning)
She began singing.
She began to sing. She is beginning to sing.
Begin When "begin" is used in non- When "begin" is used in
continuous tenses, you can continuous tenses, an
either use a gerund or an infinitive is used.
infinitive.
He dreaded to think of the
consequences of his
She dreaded taking the test.
actions.
Usually "dread" is followed by
Dread "Dread" is sometimes used
a gerund.
with infinitives such as "think"
or "consider." In the sentence
above, "dreaded to think"
means "did not want to think."

20. Examples verbs followed by gerunds or
infinitives (Different meaning)
She forgot reading the book She forgot to pay the rent this
when she was a kid. month.
When "forget" is used with a When forget is used with an
Forget gerund, it means "to forget that you infinitive, it means "to forget that
have done something." The you need to do something." The
sentence above means that she
sentence above means that she
read the book when she was a kid,
and that she has forgotten that forgot that she needed to pay
fact. the rent.
The attackers kept
She kept talking. hostages to prevent the
police from entering.
"Keep" is normally used with
Keep a gerund to mean that you "Keep" can also be used with an object
continue doing an action. followed by an infinitive, but then the
infinitive takes on the meaning of "in
order to... ." In the sentence above, the
attackers kept hostages in order to
prevent the police from entering.

21. Examples verbs followed by gerunds or
infinitives (Different meaning)
The house needs cleaning.
He needs to call his boss.
He needs him to call his boss.
When "need" is used with a
Need gerund, it takes on a passive "Need" is usually used with an
meaning. The sentence infinitive or an object + an
above means "the house infinitive.
needs to be cleaned."
We regret to inform you
I regretted being late to the
that your position at the
interview.
company is being
eliminated.
Regret "Regret" is normally used with
a gerund. "Regret" is sometimes used with infinitives
such as "to inform." In the sentence above,
"We regret to inform you" means "We wish
we did not have to tell you (bad news).

22. Examples verbs followed by gerunds or
infinitives (Different meaning)
I remember mentioning the He remembered to turn off the
meeting yesterday. lights before he left.
When "remember" is used with a When "remember" is used with an
Remember gerund, it means "to remember that infinitive, it means "to remember
you have done something." The that you need to do something."
sentence above means that I The sentence above means that he
mentioned the meeting, and that I remembered that he needed to
remember the fact that I did that. turn the lights off.
Marge started talking really
Marge is starting to talk really fast.
fast.
Marge started to talk really When "start" is used in continuous tenses,
an infinitive is used.
fast.
Start I started to learn Russian, but it was so
much work that I finally quit the class.
When "start" is used in non-
continuous tenses, you can In other situations, an infinitive means that
either use a gerund or an you did not complete or continue an
action.
infinitive.

23. Examples verbs followed by gerunds or
infinitives (Different meaning)
He stopped to rest for a few
He stopped smoking for minutes.
health reasons.
When "stop" is used with an
Stop "Stop" is normally used with a infinitive, the infinitive takes on
gerund. the meaning of "in order to." In
the sentence above, he
stopped in order to rest for a
few minutes.
She can't find a job. She tried looking in the She tried to climb the tree, but she couldn't even
paper, but there was nothing. She tried get off the ground.
asking friends and family, but nobody knew
of anything. She also tried going shop to When you "try to do" something, you want to do it,
shop, but nobody was hiring. but you do not succeed in actually doing it. In the
sentence above, an infinitive is used because she
"Try + gerund" means to try or to experiment with different
cannot successfully climb the tree.
Try methods to see if something works.
Try not to wake the baby when you get up
She tried eating the snake soup, but tomorrow at 5 AM.
she didn't like it.
An infinitive is also used if you are asking someone
"Try + gerund" is often used when you experiment with to try something they may or may not be able to
something, but you do not really like it or want to do it
accomplish.
again.v