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FIRST AID Principles and Practice K.S. Chew Lecturer/Emergency Physician School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia
First aid….. it is better to know it and not need it than to need it and not know it.
“ Whatever can go wrong, will.”  - Murphy Law
 
“ Whatever can happen to one man can happen to every man.”  Lucius Annaeus Seneca (4 B.C.? – A.D.65)
Definition of First Aid
What is First Aid? ,[object Object],[object Object]
First Aid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who provides first aid? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Principles of First Aid
Principle #1: First, do no harm Know what to do and know what NOT to do
First Do No Harm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
First Do No Harm ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
Principle #2: First Aid Is Not An Exact Science And Is Open To Error
First Aid Is Not An Exact Science ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
First Aid Is Not An Exact Science ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Principle #3: First Aid is about Putting First Things First
First Things First ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Don’t treat him. Forget it!
They are also not your priority. Keep them aside and leave them to chat with each other!
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],First Things First
 
Hollywood Heart Attack
Recognize An Emergency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Principle #4: Safety Is Of Utmost Importance In First Aid
 
 
 
Why Some Bystander Refuse To Help? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
One important strategy that people use to avoid action is to refuse (consciously or unconsciously) to acknowledge the emergency situation
Other Excuses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Decide to help ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chain of Survival
RECOGNITION Is this an emergency condition? DECIDE TO HELP CONTACT EMS if needed or if not sure ASSESS SCENE AND VICTIM FIRST AID NO YES MEDICAL CARE ARRIVED CHANCE OF RECOVERY WITHOUT MEDICAL CARE ASSURED
Scene Survey ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RECOGNITION Is this an emergency condition? DECIDE TO HELP CONTACT EMS if needed or if not sure ASSESS SCENE AND VICTIM FIRST AID NO YES MEDICAL CARE ARRIVED CHANCE OF RECOVERY WITHOUT MEDICAL CARE ASSURED
Need EMS? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What Information To Relay ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
History ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Physical Examination ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Seven Essential First Aid Interventions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Seven Essential First Aid Interventions

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First Aid Principles And Practice