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Balance & Proximity
- 1. THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN BALANCE AND PROXIMITY
- 2. LESSON OVERVIEW In this lesson, you will: 1. Explore the principle of balance as it relates to web design, and 2. Explore the principle of proximity as it relates to web design
- 3. GUIDING QUESTIONS Respond to the questions below in the Discussion Forum by creating a New Thread and labeling it Balance and Proximity 1. If an adult sits on one end of a teeter-totter, how can small children balance the teeter-totter? 2. When you walk into an environment, what do you assume about the individuals who are seated in the same area?
- 4. BALANCE • Balance, as it relates to web design, is the distribution of items on a page • Text • Images • Navigation buttons • A Web site might appear unbalanced if one side of the screen is loaded with large, dark text or images. • The side where these elements are located may seem heavy. • The opposite holds true for smaller, lighter text, and images.
- 5. TYPES OF BALANCE 1. Symmetrical 2. Asymmetrical 3. Radial
- 6. SYMMETRICAL BALANCE • Imagine a line drawn down the middle of the screen • Do the items balance from one side to the other? • This type of balance is common in nature • Consider the example with your own face. • Is this screen balanced?
- 7. ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE • If a designer wants to create asymmetrical balance, some prior planning takes place. • Images can be balanced through size and intensity of color • Ex: One large and darker image on one side can be balanced by several smaller, lighter images on the other side.
- 8. RADIAL BALANCE • Balance is created around a central point • Resembles a circle • Helpful to show connections and unity between items
- 9. ALIGNMENT • Another way to achieve balance is through alignment. • Alignment is the orientation of the text • Four types • Left • Right • Centered • Justified
- 10. LEFT ALIGNMENT • Common in European cultures • We see it every day • Left margin is flush; right margin is jagged • You will find left alignment of text in the book and many of the other printed materials that you use. • Since we read left to right, left alignment is natural to us.
- 11. RIGHT ALIGNMENT • This type of alignment is common in Arab cultures where text is read from right to left. • Opposite of left alignment • Left margin is jagged; right margin is flush.
- 12. CENTER ALIGNMENT • Common for titles and headings • Both margins are jagged • Balances text but difficult to read
- 13. JUSTIFIED ALIGNMENT • Common in newspapers and magazines • Both margins are flush • Extra space between letters and words • It is important to select alignment to fit the audience, and purpose of the site.
- 14. PROXIMITY • Measure of distance between things • Larger distances between unlike items • Smaller distances between related items
- 15. WHITE SPACE • White space is the area without text or images • Created by proximity • White space can be used to organize a space and is similar to the organization of a rectangle. • In text, think about how we separate paragraphs. We either indent to show a new idea or create a blank line between paragraphs and ideas. • Both of these create white space to organize the material and signal that the material is switching ideas.
- 16. GESTALT THEORY THE WHOLE I S GR E ATER TH AN THE SUM OF THE P AR TS GR OUPI NG I DEAS OR I MAGES TOGETHER CR EATES A STR ONGER MESSAGE TH A N THE SUM OF SEP AR ATE I DEAS
- 17. LESSON REVIEW You should be able to answer the following question(s) more completely. 1. How are balance and proximity applied to Web design?
- 18. ASSIGNMENT • Analyze your site according to its use of balance and proximity based on what you have just learned. • Be sure to include the WHY for each principle. • Why did the designer use this form of balance? • Why did the designer use proximity this way?
Notas del editor
- Lesson 8 Overview
- Use the guiding questions as a class starter, allowing the students time to answer the questions in their journal. Discuss student answers to the questions.
- There are three types of balance that can be achieved on a Web site: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial.
- There are three types of balance that can be achieved on a Web site: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial.
- If a designer wants to create asymmetrical balance, some prior planning takes place. Think back to the teeter-totter question. One large and darker image on one side can be balanced by several smaller, lighter images on the other side. This is the same concept as asymmetrical balance. A designer can place a larger, darker image on one side of the screen with several smaller, lighter images on the other side to balance things out. Instructor: Feel free to add elements to design an asymmetrical slide.
- Radial balance is balance that is created around a central point. Radial balance will usually resemble a circle. This type of balance is useful when trying to connect items or to show unity between the items.
- Another way to achieve balance is through alignment. Alignment is the orientation of the text. There are four types of alignment, two of which create a sense of balance. The four types of alignment are left, right, centered, and justified.
- Left alignment is most commonly used in European cultures. You see left alignment every day in the print material that you read. In left alignment, the left margin of the text is flush while the right margin is jagged.
- Right alignment is most commonly used in Arab cultures. It is the opposite of left alignment. In right alignment, the left margin is jagged while the right margin is flush.
- Center alignment is commonly used for titles and headings. In center alignment, both the left and the right margins are jagged. Center alignment is a way to easily balance text but is difficult to read.
- Justified alignment is commonly found in newspapers and magazines. In justified alignment, both the left and right margins are flush. To accomplish this extra spacing may be added between words and letters to create flush margins.
- Proximity is the measure of distance between things and can be used to send a message. Remember the question from the beginning of class. When you walk into class and choose to sit far away from someone who is unlike you, you might be sending a message. A large distance between objects sends the message that they are unlike too. Objects that are grouped together are seen as similar.
- An idea that is related to proximity is white space. White space is an area without text or images. This is the space created by proximity. White space can be used to organize a space and is similar to the organization of a rectangle. In text, think about how we separate paragraphs. We either indent to show a new idea or create a blank line between paragraphs and ideas. Both of these create white space to organize the material and signal that the material is switching ideas.
- White space and proximity are also parts of the Gestalt Theory which states that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. By grouping information or images together, a greater idea is created than if the information or images were separate from each other. The right image adds proximity to the image. What design principle could have been used to enhance the image even more? (Answer: A line or arrow connecting the steps.)
- This is the last slide of the presentation.
- Discuss the assignment as listed above. Students should be given time in class to complete work on the Principles Assessment Project. This gives the classroom teacher time to evaluate the level of student understanding of the assignment and to make changes or clarifications as needed. Remind students of the due date for the assignment.