4. Malcolm Knowles Most adult learning theories have been based on the work of Malcolm Knowles , who theorized that adult learners have distinct and unique characteristics. Andragogy – a term introduced by Malcolm Knowles, which describes the science of helping adults learn. Andragogical – learner centered method. Pedagogical – teacher centered method.

5. ADULTS ARE AUTONOMOUS AND SELF-DIRECTED

6. ADULTS ARE GOAL – ORIENTED.

7. ADULTS ARE RELEVANCY-ORIENTED.

8. ADULTS HAVE ACCUMULATED A FOUNDATION OF LIFE EXPERIENCES AND KNOWLEDGE THAT MAY INCLUDE WORK-RELATED ACTIVITIES, FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES AND PREVIOUS EDUCATION.

9. ADULTS ARE PRACTICAL.

10. ADULTS NEED TO BE SHOWN RESPECT

11. Motivation is another aspect of adult learning. At least six factors serve as sources of motivation for adult learning:

13. Unlike children and teenagers, adults have many responsibilities that they must balance against the demands of learning. Because of these responsibilities, adults have barriers against participating in learning.

16. There are four critical elements of learning that must be addressed to ensure that participants learn. These elements are:

22. Source: Principles of Adult Learning by Stephen Lieb Senior Technical Writer and Planner, Arizona Department of Health Services and part-time Instructor, South Mountain Community College from VISION, Fall 1991 Disclaimer: This presentation was put together for the benefit of the Trainers, Managers and Supervisors of Letstalk.com and not for the infringement of copy right laws. Greg Consulta Instructional Design Specialist