1. United States
Westward Expansion
1803-1853

2. Acquisition Map

3. Emerging WEST
5. _______
NORTH
2. ___________________
1.___________________
4._______
7. _____________
3. _____________
SOUTH

4. Do the following on the Map:
Label the Mississippi River
Draw the Missouri Compromise Line
Label the state of Missouri
Draw the line that divides the Northern states
from the Southern states and the western
area
• Label the name of each land acquisition
next to each number.
•
•
•
•
• OUTLINE each acquired territory in a
different color.

5. Fold your
Map like
this:
West
1. Once you
fold your
map, draw
the following
sections on
the back of
the flap
2. Label each
section like
this
North
South

6. Answer the Following Questions:
• What geographical feature is the Eastern
boundary for the emerging West?
• What compromise line determined which
states would have slaves and which
would not?
• Give a reason for settlers wanting to
move West.
• Give a reason for the conflict over
slavery.
• What does “sectionalism mean” based
on this map?

9. “Manifest Destiny”:
MANIFEST DESTINY=“OBVIOUS FUTURE”: the belief that it was
America’s destiny and responsibility to control all of North
America, because it was God’s plan.
– To spread DEMOCRACY and Christianity to new lands and
people
– The American People (white) were blessed by God and He
had given them all of North America to control and develop.
– Anyone already living on the land would have to be
removed because it was God’s plan to have white people
living there.
– There was no stopping this expansion because it was God’s
plan
MANIFEST DESTINY was achieved in many ways
– Treaties, settlement, purchases, and war

10. Reasons for Expansion
• Political – desire and necessity
• Economic – more land meant more
opportunity to make money
• Social – Spread religion and open
up more space to live

11. Political Reasons
• Nationalism – Spread democracy from sea to
shining sea because it is the highest form of
government
• National Security – Controlling land up to the
Pacific would secure us against other nations
• A Place on the World Stage – By expanding we
can become more powerful among the
nations of the world.

12. Economic Reasons
•
Agriculture – Americans dream of owning their own land and farms
– Frontier land is cheaper and sometimes free!
•
Businessmen – Create businesses in newly developing towns and cities in
the West.
•
Unemployment in the East – High unemployment in the cities and job
opportunity in the west.
•
Southern Slave Owners – Plantation land losing fertility, western lands offer
new, fertile ground.
– More land means more wealth and political power!
•
Sea Merchants – Controlling Pacific Coast means ability to trade with
Pacific countries

13. Social Reasons
• Religious Mission – America was destined by God to
expand to the Pacific and bring with it Christianity
• White Superiority – God had blessed Americans
(White Americans) and whatever needed to be
done to expand was acceptable.
• Progress – Americans could make better use of the
land that those currently living there
– We brought God, technology, and civilization
• Population – Population was overflowing in the east
because of high birth rates and IMMIGRATION

14. Between 1820 and
1850, 4 million People
move West!!!

15. 1. Original 13 Colonies and the United States:
1607-1787
• Key Events:
1. Jamestown 1607
2. Plymouth 1620
3. American Revolution 1776
4. Treaty of Paris 1783
5. Constitution 1787
• Why? Religious
freedom, profit, new
life, persecution, slavery, la
nd, make money with

17. 2. Louisiana Purchase 1803
• Key Events:
1. Jefferson pays France $15
million
2. Lewis and Clark explore
along Missouri River
3. Sacagawea translates
• Why: To control Mississippi
River and port of New
Orleans for farmers; Find a
Waterway to Pacific

19. 3. Florida 1819
• Key Events:
1. Seminole Indians
attacking in U.S. and
Slaves escaping to Florida
2. Gen. Jackson invades
Florida
3. Adams-Oniz Treaty $5
million
• Why? Stop Indian
raids, get slaves
back, expand the
country.

21. 4. Texas Annexation 1845
• Key events:
1. Stephen Austin brings
settlers
2. Texas Revolution and
Republic of Texas (18361845)
3. President Polk and
Congress annex (add)
1845
• Why? Cotton
plantations, spread
slavery, more land

23. 5. Oregon Country 1846
• Key Events:
1. President Polk promises
to get Oregon = “54 40
or Fight!”
2. Missionaries come to
convert
3. Mountain men create
Oregon trail
• Why? New life, spread
religion, trade, acquire
new land.

25. 6. Mexican Cession 1848
• Key Events:
1. President Polk fights U.S.-Mexican
War ending with the Treaty of
Guadalupe-Hidalgo: $15 million.
2. Gold Rush – 1849  the 49ers
3. Mormons settle Utah
4. California and Santa Fe trail
5. Asian immigrants
• Why? Gold, religious freedom, farming &
ranching, new life, acquire land that will
fulfill Manifest Destiny goal.

27. 7. Gadsden Purchase 1853
• Key Events:
1. Bought from Mexico = $10 million
• Why? Build a railroad across desert

28. SECTIONALISM

29. Area Geography
•
•
•
•
Mississippi River
Missouri River
Rocky Mountains
Pacific Coast
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
North of the Ohio River
Mississippi River
South of the Great Lakes
Atlantic Coast
Appalachian Mountains
South of the Ohio River
Appalachian Mountains
Mississippi River
Texas
Gulf and Atlantic Coast

30. The NORTH:
Political Leader :
• Daniel
Webster, Senato
r from
Massachusetts
• Wanted strong
federal
government

31. Economy:
1.
Factory Economy
and Textile Mills
2.
Labor: Skilled and
unskilled labor(no
slaves)  factory
workers
3.
Strongly supported
the tariff
4.
Trade and
Commerce

32. Religion
• 2nd Great Awakening
• The Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-Day
Saints (MORMONS)
• Reform comes from
religious beliefs of
caring for community

33. Society:
• Large Citiespopulation is on the
rise
• Free Blacks and
European immigrants
• High literacy rates
Intellect
• Spread of
Knowledge
• Railroads and
Electrical lines
throughout
• Steam Power

34. The WEST:
Political
– Leader: Henry
Clay, Senator from
Kentucky
– Wanted a strong federal
government
– Supported the tariff
– Want more roads and
canals

35. Economy:
• Agriculture
economy
• Free Labor and
some slave
labor
• small farmers
• Ranchers
• Gold mining
(California)

36. Religion
• Protestant Christianity
• Circuit Riders – Traveling
ministers and preachers
• Revival Meetings
• Mormons travel to Utah to
escape persecution.

37. Society and Intellectual
• European
Immigrants
• Families isolated on
farms
• Small, new towns
• No regular law
enforcement
• Women worked
especially hard
• One-room school
houses

38. The SOUTH:
Political
• Leader: John C.
Calhoun Senator
from South
Carolina
• Did not want strong
federal
government.
• Supported State’s
Rights

39. Economy:
• Agriculture
economy, Pla
ntations
• Slave labor
• Very little
factory
industry
• Strongly
opposed the
tariff

40. Society
• Most wealth belong to
a few plantation
owners
• Slavery
Intellectual
• Few Railroads and
Power lines
• Low literacy rates