Chapter 8

1. Digestive System Diagnostic Procedures/Illness

2. Medical Procedure used to see inside the rectum and colon Can detect inflamed tissue, ulcers, and abnormal growths Most commonly known for detecting colon cancer Helps doctors with diagnosing unusual bowl movements, abnormal stomach pain, and bleeding from anus Tissues samples can be collected during a colonoscopy (biopsy) What is a Colonoscopy

3. A colonoscope is inserted into the anus and guided into colon Colonoscope is a thin flexible tube that can range from 48in. to 72in. Colonoscope has a camera attached to it allowing video or pictures to be taken of colon Can see the whole colon and part of the small intestine How a Colonoscopy is Performed

4. Before a colonoscopy can be performed, the patients colon must be cleaned Colon prep may take 1 to 2 days depending on physicians orders All solids should be removed from gastrointestinal tract Patients are put on a liquid diet Preparing for a Colonoscopy

5. Physical wasting and loss of muscle and weight Loss of appetite Occurs during a chronic disease Cachexia con occur along with anorexia Cachexia

6. Cancer Metabolic acidosis Tuberculosis Aids Addiction to drugs Underlying Disorders of Cachexia

7. Commonly used type of dental x-ray Shows upper and lower teeth Identifies problem with teeth, mouth, jaw Bite-Wing X-Ray

8. Detects cavities in between teeth Shows if severe gum disease is present X-ray can show if wisdom teeth are present or hidden dental structures Can detect bone loss Checks for decay in between teeth and any other types of infection Bite-Wing X-Ray

9. Lavage is simply the process of washing out or irrigation of an organ There are various types of lavages Lavage

10. Ice Water Lavage Administering ice water through a stomach tube Treats acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhages Gastric Lavage Irrigation of the stomach Used to remove poisons Colonic Lavage irrigation of the colon, used to remove ingested toxins. Abdominal Lavage Saline is infused into peritoneal cavity using a catheter that is inserted into the abdominal wall Used to examine blood cells, bacteria, and enzymes RuminalLavage Used to treat to treat carbohydrate engorgement BronchoalveolarLavage Percutaneous entry of a catheter between tracheal rings Small volume of normal sterile saline which is then aspirated Thoracic Lavage Pleural sac is irrigated via paracentesiscannula Types of Lavages