Hstorical Linguistics

HSTORICAL LINGUISTICS GENERAL LINGUISTICS

Branches of linguistics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Historical and descriptive linguistics ,[object Object]

Domain of historic linguistics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Definition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Interdependency of diachronic and synchronic linguistics ,[object Object]

LANGUAGE CHANGE ,[object Object]

HISTORCAL BACGROUND 1- Antiquity and the middle ages ,[object Object]

2-The Renaissance ,[object Object]

3-The twentieth century ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Historical linguistics today ,[object Object]

PRINCIPLES OF THE HISTORICAL LINGUISTIC ENQUIRY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Substance of change ,[object Object]

Why do languages change? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The concept of language inferiority ,[object Object]

Why do languages change? ,[object Object]

Aims and scope of historical linguistics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

DIALECTS ,[object Object],[object Object]

Extension or broadening of meaning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Semantic narrowing ,[object Object]

Grammaticalization ,[object Object]

speaker’s evaluation ,[object Object],[object Object]

Borrowing of words ,[object Object]

Why these semantic changes occur? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Linguistic factors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Grammatical Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Language Typology; isolating, agglutinating, and inflecting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Syntactic Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sound change ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Vowels ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Consonants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],A sound in which the position of the tongue is fronted towards the hard palate, e.g. As in the change from [u] > [y] or of [o] > [e] was frequent in old English. It is still reflected in the vowel alteration of pairs such as English mouse – mice, foot – feet, Where the vowel in the second forms was palatalize by an [ i ]

velarization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Monothongization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Change in Manner of Articulation in relation to consonants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Phonetic Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Lenition ,[object Object],[object Object]

Assimilation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Dissimilation ,[object Object],[object Object]

Phonemic Change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chain Shift ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hstorical Linguistics

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