2. This powerpoint will assist you in defining and characterizing these rhythm instruments into either aero– , idio–, chordo, or membrano- phones through a series of videos that entail performance demonstrations. Guiding Questions for Presentation What is the difference between an idio– and aero– phone?...chordo- and membrano– phones? What are three types of idiophones? two types of aerophones? What are three instruments that are idiophones? …aerophones? What do you think idio– and aero– phones contribute to music ? membrano– and chordo--- phones?
3. (Idiophone) An idiophone is a musical instrument that produces sounds without the use of strings or membranes. Most percussion instrumentswhich are not drums are idiophones. There are four categories of idiophones. They are the: struck idiophone, the plucked idiophone, the blown idiophone, and the friction idiophone. The first division is the struck idiophones (sometimes called concussion idiophones). This includes most of the non-drum percussion instruments familiar in the west. They include all idiophones which are made to vibrate by being hit, either directly with a stick or hand (like the wood block, singing bowl, triangle or marimba), or indirectly, by way of a scraping or shaking motion (like maracas or flexatone). Various types of bells fall into both categories. The second division are the plucked idiophones. This includes instruments such as the jew's harp, amplified cactus, music box or mbira (thumb piano) The third division are the blown idiophones, of which there are a very small number of examples, the Aeolsklavier being one The fourth division are the friction idiophones, such as the singing bowl, glass harmonica, glass harp, turntable, verrophone, daxophone, styrophone, musical saw, or nail violin (a number of pieces of metal or wood rubbed with a bow). Other classifications use six main sub-categories, Concussion, Percussion, Rattle, Scraper, Plucked and Friction Idophones.
4. ARE THESE IDIOPHONES? Axatse- (Click Videoto see demonstration) -- Used for “Atsia” a social dance created by Ghanaian people speaking the Ewe Language. The job of the axatse is to reinforce the rhythm of the Gankogui in an atsia. To play the axatse, you hold the instrument in the right hand with it horizontal to the floor while hitting it with the left hand. There are two sounds that are produced by the instrument: high and low. To play high strike the instrument up and to play low strike the instrument down. Gankogui—double gong or double bell (Click Videoto see demonstration) -- Used also for “Atsia.” This instrument keeps the time. To play the Gankogui, the Instrument is held in the right hand just between the thumb and the first finger. The left strikes the Gankogui with a drumstick that is held using the match grip.
5. Doumbek—pronounced (doom-beck)African Drum. This drum can be used to play Pakistanian rhythms or any other rhythms in the Middle East. To play the drum, it should lay on your lap. A right handed person should make sure that the drum rests to the left with the left arm resting on top of it and vice versa for the left handed person. How to Play the Doumbek Djembe--- pronounced (gem-bay). These instruments have only three distinct sounds that compose the music for the instrument. How to Play the Djembe Drum To play, sit on the edge of a chair with ankles crossed, the top of the drum fitting neatly between the knees as the base of the drum rests behind the heels. This way the drum is angled away from the body. Sitting up straight with hands resting on the drum's playing surface, wrists should become flat and this allows the position to create the standard djembe sounds. Djembes produce three basic sounds: ----------------------------------------------------------------bass, tone, and slapBASS:With the hand flat and fingers together, place the hand at the dimension of two fists above the center of the playing surface. Allow the hand to strike and bounce back to the original position above the center.TONE:This is the high-pitched sound produced by striking the top surface nearest the edge with firmly placed fingers. (middle sound)SLAP:Strike the playing surface's edge first with the heel of your hand, and then allow your fingers to naturally bounce down towards the drum's center
6. Aerophones are of two types: free aerophones, which include those reed instruments employing free reeds, and wind instruments , which produce sound by means of an enclosed, vibrating column of air. Harmonica Accordion Recorder **Anything that requires that air vibrate through a tube to produce a sound.** More
7. Chordophones A membranophone is any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way of a vibrating stretched membrane.Common membranophones include: snare drum, bass drum, tom-toms, timpani, congas, bongos, tabla, etc. Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_some_example_of_membranophone_instruments#ixzz18hSwVPa4
8. Membranophones In membranophones, the sound begins with the vibration of a stretched membrane, or skin (often an actual animal skin), but the skin is usually stretched across a resonator. Membranophones are usually classified according to the shape of the resonating body of the instrument.
9. CAN YOU ANSWER THE GUIDING QUESTIONS? Guiding Questions for Presentation What is the difference between an idio– and aero– phone?...chordo- and membrano– phones? What are three types of idiophones? two types of aerophones? Can you name three instruments that are idio, aero--, chordo--, and membrano-- phones? What do you think idio– and aero– phones contribute to music ? membrano– and chordo--- phones?
