Presentation at the 2nd International Workshop on Model-driven Approaches for Simulation Engineering (held within the SCS/IEEE Symposium on Theory of Modeling and Simulation part of SpringSim 2012) Please see: http://www.sel.uniroma2.it/mod4sim12/ for further details

1. The DEVS-Driven Modeling
Language:
Syntax and Semantics Definition by Meta-
Modeling and Graph Transformation
Authors:
Ufuoma Bright Ighoroje
Oumar Maïga
Mamadou Kaba Traoré
The 2nd International Workshop on
Model-driven Approaches for Simulation Engineering
(MO4SIM 2012)

2. Highlights
The DEVS-Driven Modeling Language
(DDML):
 Graphical Modeling language
 Simulation Modeling for discrete event
systems
 Amenable to formal analysis
 Inspired by the DEVS (Discrete Event System
Specification) formalism
Syntax and Semantic Definition of DDML

3. DDML
The DEVS-Driven Modeling Language
 High Communicability: uses easy visual
notations and integrates software engineering and
system theoretic principles
 High Integrity of Simulation Models:
integrates formal analysis and simulation for
verification and validation of models
 Universality: driven by DEVS and rooted in system
theory, models of discrete, (approximate) continuous
and hybrid systems can be built

5. Hierarchy of System
Specification
Coupled Network:
Multi-component system specification, CN
couplings, and interactions.
Input Output System:
Internal structure of the system; state IOS
sets and transition rules
Input Output Function Observation: IOFO
Functional groupings of I/O segment
pairs
Input Output Relation Observation: IORO
Underlying behavior of the system
Observation Frame: OF
Set of inputs and outputs of the system

6. Defining DDML
The Visual Language, 𝐷𝐷𝑀𝐿 = < 𝐴, 𝐶, 𝑆, 𝑀 𝐶𝐴 , 𝑀 𝐴𝑆 >
Semantic
Domain
Abstract
Syntax
(A)
Concrete
Syntax
(C)

7. DDML: Abstract Syntax
Two approaches to define abstract syntax:
 Meta-Modeling: declarative approach with
UML class diagrams
 Graph Transformation: constructive approach

8. Notes on Graph Transformation
 A Graph Transformation System,
GTS = <DSIG, ATG, P>
 DSIG: data type signature
 ATG: attributed type graph
 P: typed attributed graph productions.
 A Graph Grammar, GG = <GTS, S>, with a
start graph S.
 The language L generated by GG is given by L
= {G | S ⇒∗ G}

9. DDML: Meta-Model
(UML)

10. OCL Constraints on the
DDML Meta-Model
context Coupled_Model
inv EIC.source.OclIsTypeOf(self.Input_Port)
inv EIC.target.OclIsTypeOf(self.component.Input_Port)
inv IC.source.OclIsTypeOf(self.component.Output_Port)
inv IC.target.OclIsTypeOf(self.component.Input_Port)
inv
EOC.source.OclIsTypeOf(self.component.Output_Port)
inv EOC.target.OclIsTypeOf(self.Output_Port)
context Transient::timeAdvance()
inv self::timeAdvance() = 0.0
context Passive
inv self.timeAdvance() = + ∞
context Finite
inv self.timeAdvance() > 0.0 and < + ∞

11. DDML: Graph Transformation
(Type Graph)
NamedElement
name: string
Operation Class
IOInterface
parameter
Select priority:nat Model
source
components
target
selectFlag
Coupled_Model interaction Coupling Port type
Attribute
EIC IC EOC Input_Port Output_Port
StateVariable Atomic_Model
channel
internalstructure
StateMachine transition DataType
feature
messageType
from trigger
Node Transition Event
DoActivity to
property
message
activity Message
Configuration ConditionalNode Internal External Confluent
timeAdvance: real condition: bool
Passive Finite Transient
DDML Type Graph

12. Graph Production Rules

13. DDML: Concrete Syntax
Configuration
IOFrame
Model
Transient Passive Finite
Properties CoupledModel
Properties AtomicModel
Label
Properties Template: Name Input_Port Output_Port
Label
Template: Name
Activities Attributes
Label Attributes
Activities Functions
TA Functions
Activities
Transition
Internal External Confluent Conditional
Assignments
Condition Coupling
Properties
Lamda trigger
Label
Properties
Properties
Label
Activities
Label
Activities
Activities EIC IC EOC
Assignments
TA
trigger
Assignments

14. Case Study: Queuing Network
(Coupled Model)

15. Queuing Network (Atomic
Model of Queue Component)

16. DDML: Semantics
 Operational Semantics: adopts the DEVS Simulation
Protocol
 Formal Semantics: Semantic mapping of DDML at
three levels of abstraction (CN, IOS, IORO) to formal
methods
 CN: Coupled Network --- Process Algebra (CSP, CCS …)
 IOS: Input Output System ---Transition Systems (LTS, TA …)
 IORO: Input Output Relation Observation --- Temporal Logic
(CTL, LTL …)

17. DDML Formal and
Operational Semantics….

18. DDML Tool Support
DDML tools are developed using model
driven engineering techniques
The DDML Editor: for graphical
construction of models with DDML
SimStudio: Model editors, DEVS simulation
engine, visualization and management
modules
Formal tools: federated formal tools for
formal analysis of models

19. SimStudio Architecture
Other Modeling Tools
DDML
Graphical
Modeler
T T Transformer
XML Standard Format
XML Standard Format
XML Standard Format
SImStudio
Visualizer
Java SimStudio
Kernel
C++
T
Visualization
Tools
Python
T XML Standard Format
T T T
CSP LTS CTL
Tools for Formal
Analysis