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GreenScreen Webinar
- 1. An Overview of the GreenScreen™ for Safer Chemicals The Campaign for Safe Cosmetics Business Network Webinar 12:00 am Pacific/3pm Eastern/ December 13, 2012 Lauren Heine, Ph.D. Consulting Co-Director Clean Production Action Director GreenScreen Program
- 2. Agenda 1. Drivers and applications for GreenScreen 2. How it works 3. Example assessments
- 3. Clean Production Action (CPA) – an NGO working with governments, other NGOs and industry leaders to advance green chemistry and sustainable materials. We help to facilitate a market transition to a healthy economy, healthy environment and healthy people. www.cleanproduction.org 3
- 4. The Carrot: Green/Sustainable Chemistry Defined by 12 Principles: reduce risk by reducing inherent hazard Risk = (Hazard, Exposure) #3 Less hazardous Green chemistry chemical syntheses is “the design of #4 Design safer products and chemicals and products processes that #5 Use safer solvents reduce or and auxiliaries eliminate the #10 Design chemicals use or and products to degrade generation of after use hazardous #12 Minimize the substances.” potential for accidents 4
- 5. The Stick: Public Concern and Regulations Alternatives Assessment: Avoid Regrettable Substitutions 5
- 6. Identifying Safer Alternatives Of Concern Improved Safer Characteristics of Characteristics of Characteristics of Ingredient of Improved Safe and Healthy Concern Ingredient Ingredient (HIGH) (MODERATE) (LOW) 6
- 7. The GreenScreen™ (GS) for Safer Chemicals • A Method for Chemical Hazard Assessment (CHA) • Open, transparent and publicly accessible • Uses multi-stakeholder expert committees • A way of organizing and presenting information • Builds on USEPA DfE, OECD and other national and international precedents and best practices http://www.cleanproduction.org/Greenscreen.php
- 9. Applications for GreenScreen: 1. Materials Procurement - Identify chemicals of concern and safer alternatives 2. Product Development • New formulations • New chemicals 3. Corporate Policies – Manage chemical inventories 4. State Regulations - Alternatives Assessment in WA, ME and CA 5. Standards, Scorecards and Ecolabels – proposed • USGBC LEED v4 • GreenBlue material health database • Others 9
- 10. GREENSCREEN ™ HP is the world’s leading practitioner of the GreenScreen™ tool. “HP has committed to replace restricted substances only with materials that are better for the environment and human health, and when there is sufficient assurance of required volumes and we have enough time to design and qualify the new material into the product. To assess alternative replacement materials we now use the GreenScreen, a hazard-based assessment framework developed by the nongovernmental organization Clean Production Action.” HP’s Global Citizens Report 10 ©2010 HP Confidential
- 11. PVC-Free Power Cord Program • Screening mandatory, in addition to all standard and regulatory requirements • Full disclosure under CDA • Many materials screened and approved • 100% of PVC-free power cords have been screened • Additional materials being added to program, such as soldering fluxes
- 12. Hewlett Packard’s Use of the GreenScreen • HP’s earliest applications of GreenScreen in alternatives assessment • Flame retardants • Plasticizers • Alternatives to pvc • Successfully differentiated alternatives • Identified better (and unacceptable) options • Used in addition to cost, performance, risk, LCA and other requirements
- 13. How To Do a GreenScreen Assessment 1. Assess and classify hazards 2. Apply the Benchmarks 3. Make informed decisions 13 13
- 14. 18 Hazard Endpoints Goal #1: Fill Out the GS Hazard Table Human Health Human Health Group II Environmental Physical Hazards Group I and II* Toxicity & Fate Acute Aquatic Carcinogenicity Acute Toxicity Reactivity Toxicity Mutagenicity & Systemic Toxicity & Organ Chronic Aquatic Flammability Genotoxicity Effects Toxicity Reproductive Neurotoxicity Other Ecotoxicity Toxicity Studies when available Developmental Skin Sensitization Persistence Toxicity Respiratory Sensitization Endocrine Activity Skin Irritation Bioaccumulation Eye Irritation 14
- 15. Where Did the Hazard Endpoints Come From? Source of GreenScreen Hazard Endpoints: • GHS/CLP – Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (United Nations) • OECD Screening Information Data Sets (SIDS) and test methods GreenScreen • USEPA Design for the Environment USEPA and USEPA Design Program Alternatives Assessment for the Criteria for Hazard Evaluation Environment (DfE); OECD Methods • USEPA New Chemicals Program and Globally test methods Harmonized System (GHS); National and International Guide on • Guide on Sustainable Chemicals Sustainable Hazard Lists Chemicals (Federal Environment Agency) 15
- 16. Each Hazard Endpoint has Hazard Classification Criteria e.g., Acute Mammalian Toxicity (AT) • Compare data you find with the specified criteria; assign hazard level (L, M, H, vH) • Criteria based on: GHS criteria, testing thresholds, EU hazard and risk phrases, and authoritative and screening lists • Test data trump models and Screening and B Lists • Significant overlap with USEPA DfE AA criteria 16
- 17. How To Do a GreenScreen Assessment 1. Assess and classify hazards 2. Apply the Benchmarks 3. Make informed decisions 17 17
- 18. Benchmark the Hazards to Generate Four Overall Classifications Benchmark 4 Prefer – Safer Chemical Benchmark 3 Use but Still Opportunity for Improvement Benchmark 2 Use but Search for Safer Substitutes Benchmark 1 Identifies High Avoid – Chemical of Hazard Chemicals High Concern
- 19. Is GoodSolvent a Benchmark 1? NO Green Screen Hazard Ratings: Phenol CAS # 108-95-2 Group I Human Group II and II* Human Ecotox Fate Physical C M R D E AT ST N SnS* SnR* IrS IrE AA CA P B Rx F single repeated* single repeated* L M L L L M H H M M L L H H M M L L L L Benchmark 1 Criteria: Answer: a. PBT = High P + High B + [very High T (Ecotoxicity or Group II a. NO Human) or High T (Group I and II* Human)]? b. vPvB = very High P + very High B? b. NO c. vPT = very High P + [very High T (Ecotoxicity or Group II Human) c. NO or High T (Group I and II* Human)]? d. vBT = very High B + [very High T (Ecotoxicity or Group II Human) d. NO or High T (Group I or II* Human)]? e. High T (Group I Human)? e. NO 19
- 20. Is GoodSolvent a Benchmark 2? YES Green Screen Hazard Ratings: GoodSolvent CAS # 000-00-0 Group I Human Group II and II* Human Ecotox Fate Physical C M R D E AT ST N SnS* SnR* IrS IrE AA CA P B Rx F single repeated* single repeated* L M L L L M H H M M L L H H M M L L L L Benchmark 2 Criteria: Answer: a) PBT = Moderate P + Moderate B + Moderate T (Ecotoxicity or a) NO Group I, II or II* Human)? b) PB = High P + High B? b) NO c) High P + Moderate T (Ecotoxicity or Group I, II or II* Human)? c) NO d) High B + Moderate T (Ecotoxicity or Group I, II or II* Human)? d) NO e) Moderate T (Group I Human)? e) YES f) very High T (Ecotoxicity or Group II Human) or High T (Group II* f) YES Human)? g) High Flammability or High Reactivity? g) NO 20
- 21. How to do a GreenScreen Assessment 1. Assess and classify hazards 2. Apply the Benchmarks 3. Make informed decisions 21 21
- 22. Thank you to ToxServices for donating a GS Assessment Dr. Margaret Whittaker and Emily Campbell www.ToxServices.com
- 31. How do I Obtain GS Assessments? 1. Do it yourself 1. Method is freely available and transparent 2. Training is available -- Launching Certified Industry Practitioner (CIP) Program 3. Next training Jan 24 in MN 2. Hire a licensed GS Profiler to do full GS or GS LT 1. ToxServices 2. NSF International 3. Use the GS List Translator 1. Pharos by Healthy Building Network 2. GreenWERCS by The Wercs 4. Collaborate to assess key chemicals of interest 1. GC3 (plasticizers) - next example 2. BizNGO (plastics) 3. Your own industry sector consortium All supporting resources at: http://www.cleanproduction.org/Greenscreen.v1-2.php
- 32. The Green Chemistry and Commerce Council: Evaluating Alternative Plasticizers GC3 Business / University Partnership Project
- 33. GC3 Business / University Final List of Plasticizers Partnership Project 1. Hexamoll® DINCH™ - BASF 2. DEHT 3. DINP 4. DOZ GS Assessment 5. Dow Ecolibrium™ (biobased conducted by polymer) licensed GS 6. DPHP Profiler 7. TEHTM 8. HallStar Dioplex (polyester adipate) Validated results to 9. HallStar Paraplex (polyester be published adipate)
- 34. GC3 Business / University Partnership Project Lessons from the GreenScreen™ assessments 1. Benefits of the collaborative model, according to participants – Suppliers find value in a third party assessment for internal communication and marketing – OEMs find value in a third party assessment, to avoid “regrettable substitutions” - Want a “consensus” around the safety of potential substitutes before spending years/millions of dollars switching over 2. Differences in managing the process for commodity vs. newer chemicals/proprietary formulations - GSs for proprietary formulations done under NDA (between supplier and profiler) – lack of transparency - GSs for commodity chemicals are more transparent, though some data sources may be proprietary 3. Lack of consensus on how proprietary formulations should be handled in this type of project
- 35. Challenges for Cosmetics • GS reporting and assessment requirements – Assess everything intentionally added – And impurities at or above 100ppm • In cosmetics, impurities matter » Identify “special impurities”; set lower de minimus? • Direct exposure occurs with cosmetics – Need to communicate the exposure route – Key data gaps must be filled • Don’t just go by the Benchmark score!
- 36. Contact Info Lauren Heine, Ph.D. Consulting Co-Director, Director GreenScreen Program Clean Production Action www.cleanproduction.org/Greenscreen.php Tel: 360-220-2069 Lauren@lheinegroup.com
Notas del editor
- 45 mins total; save 5-8 mins for questionsThe GreenScreen™ is a method for comparative chemical hazard assessment that is currently used by a growing number of manufacturers of products ranging from chemicals and polymeric materials to electronics, apparel and footwear. It is used in product development and materials selection and is applicable to certification programs. This session will provide an overview of the GreenScreen method, the GreenScreen program and examples of new developments in how the GreenScreen is being used including certifications and claims. Disclose chemicals in HPDfor specific functional classes, require full GS assessments and say that chemicals should be BM 2 (3?? :) ) or higher. That could apply to plasticizers, flame retardants, cleaning chemicals for exampleBut for screening general materials, it would be best to use the GS List translator supported by software and to disclose BM 1 chemicals. BM1 chemicals include those chemicals that are known to be BM1 and chemicals that are identified as Possible BM 1 - followed by research on the offending endpoint to determine if it is indeed a Benchmark 1 chemical. Use of the GS LT comes with a big caveat, that many chemicals have not yet been assessed by GHS and through authoritative lists and it is possible that they are BM1 chemicals but they will be missed with this approach. How TCO might use it.1. Identify chemicals of concern for substitution or restriction2. identify safer alternatives3. identify specific hazard associated with how a product is used and/or specific data gaps that may be a concern based on how the product is uses4. Use the GS List Translator (software that automates the list and hazard and risk phrase portion only of the full GS) to improve an organizations overall hazard profiler /toxic footprint of its chemical inventory as part of an environmental type management system5. Create a "white list' or "positive list" of safer alternatives that can be used for specific functions based on their inherent hazard profiles6. Create a roadmap as per the slide attached to eliminate the known bads, find safer alternatives and reduce uncertainty, create green chemicals de novo..7 Other? Ideas welcome!
- Wording does not indicate you are working with raw material suppliers or manufacturers of finished goods meaning manufacturers of a chemical based product rather than and end user that uses a chemical component ( HP does not produce chemical based products) they use chemicals as a component of a finished good rather than a good that is 100% dependent on chemistry like in the case of adhesives and sealants. You should be ready to address how you are working with formulators (chemical companies) I think you mentioned Dow Chemical in a previous conversation
- Using TAC to Using SC to develop validation
- Add profilers to this slide?? (NSF and ToxServices)
- I want to shift gears from what the GS is and why it is valuable to how to implement the GS -> moving into hand’s-on portion of the day.Here we will start with very basic concepts that we will build upon throughout the day.I want to acknowledge that the GS method contains many layers of detail and nuance. Our intention today is to ensure you understand all the key concepts. We will not be attempting to cover all nuances. Those who have more experience, please ask questions. Those who are less familiar, don’t worry about grasping all the nuances today. All the resources are on the CPA website. So doing a GS assessment includes 3 key steps – Step 1 – generate hazard summary table such as the one Lauren spoke about from the USEPA Design for the Environment ProgramStep 2 – apply decision logic that places chemicals in bins based on inherent hazard (along a continuum); this is the key value add of the GSStep 3 – look at the specifics of your situation to ensure key considerations have been addressed – this may include integrating the results of the GS with other valuable tools such as the ones Lauren mentioned and broader decision-making frameworks as will be discussed at the end of the day.
- Each endpoint has a set of criteria – Emma will go through in greater detail later this morning
- Focus on BM first in more detail.Why? This is the VALUE ADD OF GS – provides additional direction to get from hazard assessment to informed decision. Logic, map, guidance.- DfE intent was to go directly from hazard to make informed decision; found that needed another level of logic to get from hazard to BM; helping people use the information in a consistent and logical way.
- Benchmark will identify high hazard chemicalsChemicals are put into 4 categories using Benchmarks1= worst; 4 = bestThe 1s are chemicals of high concern that you would want to potentially eliminate from your processes and emissions.As mentioned before, this aligns with global priorities.
- We talked about the origins, DFE laid the foundation for assessing & classifying hazardsUnder step 3 – This is where
- Considers 18 environmental and human health endpointsAddresses constituents and breakdown products Evaluates hazards for an overall chemical score (Benchmark)