Emergence of modern thought and art from late 19th c through the 1920s.

1. Modernism

2. Themes in Early Modern Art Uncertainty/insecurity. Disillusionment. The subconscious. Overt sexuality. Violence & savagery.

3. Beliefs about Human Nature Charles Darwin On the Origin of Species (1859) Herbert Spencer – Social Darwinism (1860)

4. Frederich Nietzsche: “God is dead.” “I teach you the Superman.”

5. Sigmund Freud psychic determinism

6. The New Physics 1890s: Marie Curie proved radioactivity 1900: Max Planck founded quantum theory

7. 1905: Albert Einstein postulated his Special Theory of Relativity; E = mc2 illustrates matter and energy are interchangeable. 1907: General Theory of Relativity explains space/time and that gravity is a property of space-time

8. 1927: Werner Heisenberg, Uncertainty Principle: impossible to know simultaneously both the position and momentum of any particle

9. 1935: Schrodinger’s Cat: We place a living cat into a steel box along with a small amount of a radioactive substance and a device containing a vial of cyanide. There is a 50/50 chance that an atom of the substance will decay during the test period. It an atom does decay then a relay mechanism will trip a hammer, which will break the cyanide vial and kill the cat. The observer cannot know whether or not an atom of the substance has decayed, and consequently, cannot know whether the vial has been broken, the cynadie released, and the cat killed. Since we cannot know, the cat is both dead and alive according to quantum law. Only when we open the box and learn the cat’s condition that the cat becomes one or the other (dead or alive). The observation or measurement itself affects an outcome, so that the outcome as such does not exist unless the measurement is made.

11. Wassily Kandinsky: On White II (1923)

13. Obsessed with the self.

14. Man is a sexual being, leaning toward despair.

16. Gustav Klimt: The Kiss (1907-8)

17. Gustav Klimt: Danae (1907-8)

22. Georges Braque: Still Life: LeJeur (1929)

23. Pablo Picasso: Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907)

24. Picasso: Studio with Plaster Head (1925)

25. Pablo Picasso: Woman with aFlower(1932)

26. Paul Klee: Red & White Domes (1914)

27. Paul Klee: Senecio (1922)

28. Marcel Duchamp: Nude Descending a Staircase(1912)

29. Marcel Duchamp: Fountain (1917)

30. Marc Chagall – The Birthday

31. Marc Chagall Self-Portrait with Seven Fingers

32. Music Claude Debussy wrote Impressionist music which virtually defines the transition from late-Romantic music to twentieth century modernist music.

34. The Rite of Spring (1913) composed by Igor Stravinsky Caused a riot at its first performance in Paris

35. Arnold Schoenberg German expressionist atonal twelve-tone music Labeled by the Nazi party, alongside jazz, as degenerate art.

36. Wassily Kandinsky

44. “The Second Coming”, 1919 William Butler Yeats (1865-1939)

45. Turning and turning in the widening gyre The falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere The ceremony of innocence is drowned; The best lack all conviction, while the worst Are full of passionate intensity.

46. Surely some revelation is at hand; Surely the Second Coming is at hand. The Second Coming! Hardly are those words out When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi Troubles my sight: a waste of desert sand; A shape with lion body and the head of a man, A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun, Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it Wind shadows of the indignant desert birds. The darkness drops again but now I know That twenty centuries of stony sleep Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?

53. Turning and turning in the widening gyre The falcon cannot hear the falconer; Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere The ceremony of innocence is drowned; The best lack all conviction, while the worst Are full of passionate intensity.

54. Surely some revelation is at hand; Surely the Second Coming is at hand. The Second Coming! Hardly are those words out When a vast image out of Spiritus Mundi Troubles my sight: a waste of desert sand; A shape with lion body and the head of a man, A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun, Is moving its slow thighs, while all about it Wind shadows of the indignant desert birds. The darkness drops again but now I know That twenty centuries of stony sleep Were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?

57. The collapse during WW I of social and moral values.

59. George Grosz The Pillarsof Society(1926)

60. RaoulHausmann: ABCD (1924-25)

61. Hannah Höch Cut with the Kitchen Knife through the Last WeimarBeer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany (1920)

65. René Magritte helped pioneer Surrealism. The Treachery of Images (1928-1929 )

66. René Magritte Time Transfixed 1938

68. Came from the nihilistic genre of DaDa.

69. Influenced by Feud’s theories on psychoanalysis and the subconscious.

71. Salvador Dali, Swans Reflecting Elephants, 1937

72. Salvador Dali: The Apparition of the Face and Fruit Dish on a Beach (1938)

73. Salvador Dali: Geopoliticus Child Watching the Birth of a New Man (1943)

75. Un chienandalou (1929) dir. Luis Buñueland Salvador Dalí

76. Architecture Functionalism: design based on purpose Louis Henri Sullivan – father of the skyscraper

77. Frank Lloyd Wright

79. Based on simplified forms and functions.

80. machine economy can deliver elegantly designed items for the masses.

85. The Metamorphosis (1915) by Franz Kafka Literature

86. Ulysses (1922) by James Joyce

87. The Waste Land (1922) by T. S. Eliot “April is the cruellest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain.”

88. A Room of One's Own (1929) by Virginia Woolf

89. Brave New World (1932) by Aldous Huxley

90. Animal Farm (1945) by George Orwell

91. Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) by George Orwell

92. German Expressionist Film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari(1920) dir. Robert Wiene

94. Nosferatu(1922)

96. Metropolis (1927) dir. Fritz Lang

109. And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, Slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?