A presentation on open GLAM - building the digital commons, by Daniel Dietrich at Wikimania 2013 in Hong Kong, www.openglam.org, @OpenGLAM

1. Building the Digital Commons -
an introduction
Open Cultural Data

3. About
the
OKFN
!
A not-for-profit organisation, promoting openness in all its forms.
!
"From sonnets to statistics, genes to geo-data”
!
We build tools and communities to create, use and share open
knowledge, content and data that everyone can use, share and build on.

4. Working
Groups
-­‐
join
today!

5. CKAN is an open source data portal
software that makes it easy to publish,
share and find data.
!
CKAN features dozens of governments'
data portals including United Kingdom,
Brazil, USA, Finland, Germany and ...
www.ckan.org
We
build
tools
to
share
data

6. www.openspending.org
!
!
!
Open Spending is an open source
software to visualise and help citizens
better understand how their tax-money
is being spend.
!
!
Open Spending features the budget and
spending data from dozens of
Governments from around the world to
become more transparent.
!
We
build
tools
to
work
with
data

7. We
set
the
standards
to
open

8. census.okfn.org
We
help
to
open
up
data

9. We
promote
open
data

10. www.opendatahandbook.org
We
develop
Guidelines

11. www.schoolofdata.org
We
provide
training

12. Open Knowledge Festival
Oken Knowledge Conference
Open Data Camp
Open Data Day
...
www.okfn.org/events/
We
run
events

13. 20k in prizes for apps, ideas, data
430 entries from
24 EU Member States
!
+ 400 participants from
+ 40 countries
+ 6 Tracks + 40 sessions
!
www.ogdcamp.org
We
run
hackdays
and
compeAAons
www.opendatachallenge.org

14. We
build
a
global
Network
Chapters: UK, Germany,Austria, Belgium, Greece and Switzerland
!
Local groups: Finland, Brazil, Spain, Czech Republic, Italy,Australia,
Netherlands, India, South Africa, Bosnia and ...
www.okfn.org/local/

15. Please join :)

16. Open Cultural Data

17. What happened so far

18. A revolution

19. 2nd revolution

20. 3rd revolution

21. ...but still

22. Too many silos
...but why is this?

23. Artificial scarcity
While information is becoming abundant,
access remains limited.

24. Apple ≠ Knowledge
!
If I share an apple with you, both of us will have half an
apple. If I share knowledge with you we will both have the
same knowledge.

25. What are the Commons?
“Resources accessible to all members of a society”
- Wikipedia

26. Environmental Examples
AirFishForrest
Non Excludable
Non Excludable
Non Excludable
Non Rivalrous

27. What is the Digital
Commons?
"An information and knowledge resources that are
collectively created and owned or shared between or
among a community and that is, be (generally freely)
available to third parties.Thus, they are oriented to favor
use and reuse, rather than to exchange as a commodity.”-
Mayo Fuster Morell on Wikipedia

28. The premises of the
Digital Commons
Non Excludable Non Rivalrous
Re-Usable
Digital artifacts can be curated, remixed, annotated by anyone

29. Recent ‘open’ concepts

30. Open Data
Open Data is a concept of openness (similar to open
source, open content, open access, etc) applied to data.
!
“A piece of data or content is open if anyone is free to use,
reuse, and redistribute it — subject only, at most, to the
requirement to attribute and/or share-alike.”
!
- www. opendefinition.org

31. Open Government Data
Open Government Data has become a major trend in
public administration. It’s a precondition for Open
Government principles, such as: transparency, participation
and collaboration.

32. Open Cultural Data
Cultural institutions making digitized artifacts and metadata
available on the internet, for everybody to reuse and build
on it.

33. Cultural Institutions

34. Public Mission
"Enable access to everyone who wants to do research"
- British Library, Our Mission and 2020Vision
!
"Our core values are: accessibility, sustainability, innovation and cooperation."
-National Library of the Netherlands, Our Mission andVision
!
"To provide diverse audiences with the best quality experience and optimum access to
our collections, physically and digitally."
- theVictoria & Albert Museum, Mission and Objectives
!
"The Federal Archives have the legal responsibility of permanently preserving the federal
archival documents and making them available for use."
- German Federal Archives - Responsibilities
!
The National Gallery of Denmark is Denmark’s premier museum of art.Through
Accessibility, education, and exhibition
- Danish National Gallery - Mission

35. Why openness matters
to Cultural Institutions
• Helping GLAMs fulfill their public mission
• Larger audience
• Allow the audiences to participate
• Connect and contextualize collections
• Keep memory institutions relevant in a Digital Age

36. Great!
Let’s look a some examples...

37. Internet Archive
• 2001
• Volunteers &
Institutions
• 9.000.000 media files
• Content
• Various Licenses

38. Wikimedia Commons
• Volunteer driven
• Collaboration with
GLAMs
• 17.000.000 media files
• Content
• Clear licensing

39. Europeana
• 2008
• ‘European Identity’
• 28.000.000 records
• 2600 Institutions
• Metadata
• Link to Institution

40. Digital Public Library
of America
• 2013
• 2.500.000 records
• 200 Institutions
• Metadata
• Link to Institution

41. Summary...
• 30.000.000 metadata records
• 25.000.000 open media files
• More is coming! Less than 10% digitized at the
moment

42. Issues
!
• Worries about the misuse of data and content
• Legal uncertainties: licensing, orphan works
• Technical challenges: standards, tools
• Concerns over lost revenue streams
• Attraction of private schemes that lockdown heritage

43. Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums
=
=
Digital content or data that is free to use, re-
use and re-distribute without technical or
legal restriction

44. • A global network of
organizations, institutions
and people who work to
get content and data from
cultural heritage
institutions openly
available for anybody to
access, re-use and enjoy

45. openGLAM workshops

46. openGLAM APIs

47. openGLAM apps

48. Vistory - an example

49. GLAM wiki project

50. What data are we talking
about?
!
Digitized content and Metadata

51. Content!
• Digitized artifacts
• Scanned images
• Imagery & Photography
• Maps
• Transcriptions
• Annotations
• Descriptions
• OCR

52. !
• Name of Author
• Title
• Date of Creation
• Size of Painting
• Transcription
• Translation
• Analysis of content
• Further Reading
Metadata

53. Step by step
!
How can GLAM institutions make content available on the
internet so it can be accessed and re-used?

54. 1. Digitalization
!
Costs, technical challenges & longtime preservation

55. 2. Clear IP rights
!
Clear intellectual property rights & apply an open license

56. 3. Make it accessible
!
Publish content on the internet

57. 4. Make it discoverable
!
Enhance your content so it can be easily discovered: open
standards, metadata, improved search, search engine
optimization, specialized data catalog software, RDF
standards, publish as Linked Open Data.

58. Oh no, it’s complicated!

59. Keep it simple!

60. What needs to be done
And who can do it.

61. Policy
!
Top-down approaches to set rules and regulations.

62. Demand
!
Citizens, civil society organizations, science and private
sector can make a case by creating innovations build on
freely available open cultural data.

63. Supply
!
Pioneering GLAM institutions can engage and demonstrate
the benefits of opening up content to others through
successful initiatives and best practice.

64. Collaboration
!
Visitors and users can actively contribute to aspects of GLAM
collections: Curation, enrichment and improvement, or
provide content for new collections.

65. Curating the Commons
!
Users and Experts work hand-in-hand to create & curate the
Digital Commons.

66. 21st Century GLAM
• It remains:
• The key preserver of our shared cultural heritage
• An authoritative source of information and expertise
about their collections
• Curate, contextualize and tell stories about their
collections

67. 21st Century GLAM
• It stands to gain:
• An audience far beyond the wildest dreams of its first
founders
• Connections to other collections that contextualize
stories about its objects
• A closer connection to its audience (and the
improvements to its digital collections that come with
that)

68. Thanks!
Open Knowledge Foundation, www.okfn.org
Daniel Dietrich, daniel.dietrich@okfn.org @ddie
open Glam, www.openglam.org, @OpenGLAM

69. Reading
Topic Report: Open Data in Cultural Heritage
Institutions
http://epsiplatform.eu/content/topic-report-open-data-cultural-
heritage-institutions