computer basics

1. BASIC COMPUTER
OPERATION

2. OUTLINE
 Computer Hardware
 Operating systems
 Terms
 Disk capacities
 Viruses
 Applications and Documents
 Installation/reinstallation
 Internet Applications

3. Computer Hardware
 Case  Keyboard/mouse
 Power switch  Network card
 Reset switch  Modem
 Hard drive  Sound card
 Floppy  Video card
 CD/DVD  RAM
 Serial ports  Motherboard
 Parallel port  Fan
 USB port  Cables

4. The basic system including keyboard,
mouse and monitor.

5. What is in the box?
Motherboard

7. Typical parts of a motherboard.
ABIT SE6

8. Cabling
For items in or attached
to a system to work
properly they must be
securely connected.

9. Operating systems
 All computer systems have an
operating system. Currently, there
are three dominate typical user
operating systems.
 Macintosh OS,
 Microsoft Windows OS,
 Linux.

10. Terms
 A: Floppy disk C: Local disk D: Local disk (partition)
 RAM = Random Access Memory. The thinking space available to
a computer to use while performing operations. The space is
emptied out when the computer is turned off.
 DIRECTORY = An organizational structure on disks to file
management easier. Directories also become a local region for
the computer to hunt for other files related to the current file.
 DOCUMENT = A file created using an application. The file is only
useful using the application that created it or a similar application
that can convert it.
 APPLICATION = A program that allows a computer to perform a
certain function.

11. Disk capacities
 Floppy: 1.4 MB
 Hard disk: 20 GB – 160 GB
 CD 700 - 800 MB
 DVD 4.7 GB
17 GB
1 KILOBYTE = 1000 BYTE
1 MEGABYTE = 1000 KB
1 GIGABYTE = 1000 MB

12. Backup
Floppies, CDs

13. Identify and use icons,
windows, menus
 Point, click, double-click, drag & drop
 Minimize and maximize a window
 Use pull-down menus
 Select, open, and move an icon
 Select, open, move, and close a window
 Resize a window
 Scroll a window
 Activate and de-activate a window
 Start an application and create a document

14. Name, save, retrieve, revise a
document
 Name a document (!)
 Save a document
 Retrieve a document from floppy disk
 Retrieve a document from hard disk
 Re-name a document
 Edit and re-save a document
 Print a document
 Create and name folders
 Save, open, and place documents inside folders

15. Applications
 Open and work with more than one
application at a time
 To switch between them for Windows:
click on the application at the "TASKBAR"
down on the screen
 Alt &TAB button

16. Install/reinstall and update system
software and drivers

17. Internet Applications
BROWSERS
 Netscape
 Internet Explorer
http: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
edu: Education (gov, org, com, ...)
http://www.math.metu.edu.tr

18. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
 The simplest and most secure way to exchange files
over the Internet.
 FTP Client is the software that is designed to transfer
files back-and-forth between two computers over the
Internet. It needs to be installed on the computer and
can only be used with a live connection to the Internet.
(Browsers, WS-Ftp, SSH, Cute-Ftp,...)
PC ARF

19. Viruses
 Viruses are programs that reproduce themselves into the files of
your computer
 Anti-virus software and automatic update
 Mcafee Virus Scan
Configuration of Automatic Mcafee Virus Update via FTP
http://www.math.metu.edu.tr/department/doc/virus/virus_update.html
 Current security patches applied to operating system and
applications.
 Do not open any unexpected attachments that are e-mailed to
you. (Particularly “.exe” files.)

20. REFERENCES
 Computer Fundamentals for Teachers
 Basic Computer Operation and Troubleshooting
 FTP New User Guide