This document provides information about different types of islands: - Continental islands like Newfoundland rest on continental shelves near continents. Oceanic islands like the Mariana Islands originate from underwater volcanoes. Coral islands and atolls form from coral growth on sunken volcanoes or reefs. Artificial islands are constructed by humans. - India has two main island groups: the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep Islands. The Andamans have an area of 6,496 square km and a capital of Port Blair. Lakshadweep is known for its coral reefs and beaches. - Key facts are also given about the largest islands worldwide and the many types and locations of

2. Introduction
• An island is a piece of ground that is
surrounded by water. Water is all around an
island. Islands are smaller than continents.
• The largest island in the world is Greenland,
unless Australia is believed to be an island.
• The word island comes from Middle
English iland, from Old English igland.
A small island in Lower Saranac Lake in the
Adirondacks in the U.S.

3. Facts about Islands
• Earth is home to over 100,000 islands. The
150 largest alone have a landmass equal to
the size of Europe.
• One in every ten people on Earth is an
islander. More than 600 million people live on
islands.
• Hallig Oland is a small island: about 30 people
live close together.
Galapagos Islands

4. Types of Islands
• Continental islands
• Oceanic islands
• Desert islands
• Artificial Islands
• Atoll
• Coral Islands
One of 12 continental islands that make up
the Family Group, Dunk Island is a popular
family getaway off Mission Beach.

5. Continental Islands
• To understand a continental island, you need to understand
what the continental shelf is. Anyone who's been to the beach
knows that the end of land isn't a sudden cliff---around the
edges of continents there is a stretch of gradually declining
land. This area is called the continental shelf.
• A continental island is simply an island that rests on the
continental shelf. Because of this, these islands are always
quite close to a given continent. Also, the water level around a
continental island is very shallow, typically less than 600 feet.
• The Canadian island of Newfoundland is a continental island.
The Canadian Island of Newfound Land is a
continental island.

6. Oceanic Islands
• Oceanic Islands are not part of continental
shelf areas, they are not, and have never
been, connected to a continental land mass
• Oceanic islands originate in volcanic action
typically associated with the movement of the
lithospheric plates. Most typically these are
volcanic islands.
• Mariana Islands in the western Pacific Ocean
is an example.
The Mariana Islands (Oceanic Islands)

7. Desert Island
• A desert island is an island with no people.
Typically, a desert island is denoted as such
because it exists in a state of being deserted,
or abandoned.
• The word ‘Desert’ does not refer to the hot
climatic conditions of the desert.
• You can see an example in the background
picture.
A part of Lakshadweep
Islands which is deserted.

8. Artifical Islands
• An Artificial island is an island that has been
constructed by humans rather than formed by
natural means. They are created by expanding
existing islets, construction on existing reefs, or
combining several natural islets into a bigger
island.
• Dubai is home to several artificial islands projects,
including the three Palm Islands projects, The
World and the Dubai Waterfront. Only the Palm
Jumeirah is inhabited so far.
The World Island in Dubai

9. Atoll
• An atoll is a kind of island. It is made when a coral reef
forms around an island that sinks over many years. In the
end, the land is gone, and only the coral reef continues to
grow until it becomes an atoll, an island shaped like
a doughnut.
• Charles Darwin, who is most famous for his theory
of evolution, was the first person to find out how atolls
form. He said that volcanoes in the ocean sometimes wear
away or sink deeper. Coral growing on a volcano likes to be
near the surface, and it keeps growing to stay there.
• Most atolls are in the warm parts of the Pacific Ocean or
the Indian Ocean.
Satellite picture of the Atafu atoll
in Tokelau in the Pacific Ocean.

10. Coral Islands
• A coral island is the result of an atoll whose lagoon has
dried up or been filled in with coral sand and detritus*.
• This state is typically the last in the life cycle of an
island, the first being volcanic and the second being an
atoll. Most of the world's coral islands are in the Pacific
Ocean.
• The American territories of Jarvis, Baker and Howland
Islands are clear examples of coral islands. Also, some
of the islands belonging to Kiribati are considered coral
islands.
*Waste or debris of any kind.
Western shore of Jarvis Island
with day beacon at the site of
Millersville in October 2003.

11. Indian Islands
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
• Lashadweep Islands.
The Wandur Beach, Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.

12. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• The Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a union territory of India. The
name is often shortened to A & N Islands, or ANI.
• It is in the Indian Ocean, in the southern part of the Bay of Bengal.
It is made of two island groups - the Andaman Islands and
the Nicobar Islands - separating the Andaman Sea to the east, from
the Indian Ocean.
• These two groups are separated by the 10° N parallel, the
Andamans lying to the north of this latitude, and the Nicobars to
the south.
• The capital of this territory is the Andamanese town of Port Blair.
• The territory's population in the 2001 Census of India was 356,152.
• Added together, the total land area of the territory is around
6,496 km² or 2,508 mi², it is larger than the Palestinian
territories but smaller than Georgia territory of Abkhazia.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

13. Lakshadweep Islands
• A large conglomerate of 36 exotic islands that represent a
variety of biological species, the beautiful island of
Lakshadweep casts a magical spell on the tourist with its
bewitching beauty.
• The capital of Lakshadweep, Kavaratti, is endowed with the
bounty of nature.
• Lakshadweep is easily accessible by air or water. Equipped
with excellent infrastructural facilities, the coral reef island
of Lakshadweep extends a warm welcome to all the
visitors.
• Lakshadweep provides the tourists with a plethora of water
sports that enables them to explore their latent
potentialities and sportsman spirit.
Virgin Beaches of Lakshadweep

14. List of Major Islands of the World
• Australia
• New Zealand
• Great Britain
• Madagascar
• Greenland