1. DHAN LESTER L. QUIMSON
II-CHARLES
MRS.LALAINE GALUTIRA

2. Mahatma Gandhi
 Childhood/Education
 Mohandas Gandhi was born in Porbandar, Gujarat
India in October 2, 1869 but his family moved to the town
of Rajkot when he was only seven years old. He was the
youngest of four children in his family. Gandhi was a
member of the Hindu religion which meant he wasn't
allowed to eat meat or drink wine. To Gandhi his religion
and beliefs were very important because he never broke his
promise about eating meat, drinking wine and other
forbidden things throughout his life. Even when he was
small his brothers offered him meat but he refused to try it
which was the best decision he made. This action showed
that even though Gandhi was small he was
responsible, respectful and loyal to his religion.

3. Childhood
 Gandhi attended an all boy school when he was about
seven years old in Rajkot. Once he finished elementary
school Gandhi attended a high school in Rajkot with
other boys as well. As he was finishing high school
Gandhi began to wonder were he would attend collage.
He wanted to study in a different place besides India
where he had lived all his life. His mother was really
worried about his decision especially since they didn't
really have a lot of money to pay for his career. But she
still supported her son to do what he wanted to do and
that was to study law in London. So in 1818 Mohandas
Gandhi left his country and his family to study law in
London.

4.  There Gandhi adapted to the country's way of
dressing and other things involving school and work. But
he never broke the promise he made to his mother and
that was never to eat meat, drink whine, or do anything
that was against his religion during his career in London.
All Gandhi did in London was focus in his career and the
work he had to accomplish just like he promised his
mother and himself. After a four year career Gandhi
finally returned to India in 1891. With his return a bad
surprise was waiting for him, sadly when he was studyng
in London to have a good education and make his family
proud, his mother passed away shortly after he left.

5. Kasturba Gandhi
 Kastürbā Gāndhi (Gujarati: Hindi: April 1869 – 22
February 1944) was the wife of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, marrying him in an
arranged marriage in 1883.
 Early life and background
 Born to wealthy businessman Gokuladas Kapadia of Porbandar, Kasturba was married
to Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi through arrangement. Gandhi was thirteen and
Kasturba was fourteen when they married. When Gandhi left to study in London in
1888, she remained in Indiato raise their newborn son Harilal. She had three more
sons: Manilal (1892), Ramdas (1897), and Devdas (1900).
 Kasturba Gandhi joined her husband in political protests. She traveled to South Africa
in 1897 to be with her husband. From 1904 to 1914, she was active in the Phoenix
Settlement near Durban. During the 1913 protest against working conditions for
Indians in South Africa, Kasturbai was arrested and sentenced to three months in
a hard labor prison. Later, in India, she sometimes took her husband's place when he
was under arrest. In 1915, when Gandhi returned to India to support indigo planters,
Kasturba accompanied him. She taught hygiene, discipline, reading and writing.

6. Gandhi’s Children
 Gandhi and Kasturba had four sons –
Harilal (1888-1948) who was born in India,
Manilal (1892-1956) born in India,
Ramdas (1897-1969) born in South Africa, and
Devdas (1900-1957) born in South Africa.
Mahatma Gandhi’s sons resented their
upbringing as disciples. They were not, for
example, allowed the formal education which
Mohandas himself had received and which would
have provided them with their own choice of
livelihood.

7. Gandhi’s Contributions
 The person who will head the list of people for their contribution to India it
will be none other than Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Not just because he
is the Father of the Nation but his immense contribution to the country not
just in terms of struggle for freedom but his ideologies and thoughts which
changed the map of our country. When he took the charge of Indian
National Congress it was a turning point in its history due to his enormous
following, his spiritual powers and his non-violent means of fighting. Gandhi
introduced the concept of Satyagraha. Which appealed to the common
masses who were largely pious and religious. Gandhi adhered to a strictly
non-violent protest. No matter what happened he never diverted from his
ideologies and every time he was successful. Gandhi always followed the
path of non-violence or Ahimsa. His tactic of passive resistance or
Satyagraha was his weapon to fight against the British rule. Swaraj for
Gandhi meant self-rule, as much a moral and personal ethic, the self-rule of
an individual over his own impulses and weaknesses, as the political
objective of a people struggling rightfully to be free - an ambiguity which
Gandhi was repeatedly to exploit during his Non-cooperation and Civil
Disobedience Movements.

8.  Gandhi and his ideologies were quite successful among the common masses. He
planned to win leadership of those organizations, which fitted his grand
purpose, the achievement of Swaraj. Gandhi made very valuable
contribution, firstly, to frame the secular agenda within the parameters of the
Indian cultural tradition, and subscribed to the dictum of Sarva dharma
sambhava i.e. equal respect for all religions. Secondly, he gave an indigenous
content to the concept of nationhood, arguing that it was the common heritage
of a highly pluralistic, multicultural civilization, which provided the necessary
clue to hold the Indian people together, as against the Western concept of
'nations' being one race, one religion and one language. He always believed in
the idea of 'unity' in diversity. All his life he battled against the cult of violence
and war; against cruelty of man to man; against industrialism and domination of
man by machine; inequality and discrimination. His fight to give equal rights to
each and every person of the society irrespective of which strata they belong
made him immortal among us. He tried to attained moksha by service to
mankind. Gandhi portrays a multi-faceted moral and spiritual messiah. His
tireless endeavor to make people understand the basic happiness of life is to be
happy with whatever you have, thus showing the only way to save the world.

9. The Salt March(1930)
 In 1930 in order to help free India from British
control, Mahatma Gandhi proposed a non-
violent march protesting the British Salt
Tax, continuing Gandhi's pleas for civil
disobedience. The Salt Tax essentially made it
illegal to sell or produce salt, allowing a complete
British monopoly. Since salt is necessary in
everyone's daily diet, everyone in India was
affected. The Salt Tax made it illegal for workers
to freely collect their own salt from the coasts of
India, making them buy salt they couldn't really
afford.

10.  Before embarking on the 240-mile journey from Sabarmati to
Dandi, Gandhi sent a letter to the Viceroy himself, forewarning their
plans of civil disobedience:
 If my letter makes no appeal to your heart, on the eleventh day of
this month I shall proceed with such co-workers of the Ashram as I
can take, to disregard the provisions of the Salt Laws. I regard this
tax to be the most iniquitous of all from the poor man's
standpoint. As the Independence movement is essentially for the
poorest in the land, the beginning will be made with this evil.
 To deliver this letter, Gandhi chose an Englishman who believed in
the Indian movement in efforts to promote non-violence. The
Viceroy wrote back, explaining that the British would not change
their policy: "[Gandhi was] contemplating a course of action which is
clearly bound to involve violation of the law and danger to the public
peace."

11. As promised, on March 12, 1930, Gandhi and 78 male satyagrahis
(activists of truth and resolution) started their 23-day-long journey. Women
weren't allowed to march because Gandhi felt women wouldn't provoke law
enforcers like their male counterparts, making the officers react violently to
non-violence. Along the march, the satyagrahis listened to Gandhi's favorite
bhajan sung by Pandit Paluskar, a Hindustani vocalist; the roads were
watered and softened, and fresh vegetation was thrown along the
path. Gandhi spoke to each village they passed, and more and more men
joined the march.
 On April 5, 1930 Gandhi and his satyagrahis reached the coast. After
prayers were offered, Gandhi spoke to the large crowd. He picked up a tiny
lump of salt, breaking the law. Within moments, the satyagrahis followed
Gandhi's passive defiance, picking up salt everywhere along the coast. A
month later, Gandhi was arrested and thrown into prison, already full with
fellow protestors.
 The Salt March started a series of protests, closing many British shops
and British mills. A march to Dharshana resulted in horrible violence. The
non-violent satyagrahis did not defend themselves against the clubs of
policemen, and many were killed instantly. The world embraced the
satyagrahis and their non-violence, and eventually enabled India to gain
their freedom from Britain.

12. Gandhi’s Death
 On January 30th, 1948, he was walking slowly
from his home to attend a prayer meeting when
a thirty-nine years old Hindu called Nathuram
Godse who mistakably thought Gandhi was
harming the Hindus by being friendly to Muslims
shot the Great Soul after respectfully bowing to
him. A few minutes later a man came out to the
waiting crowd and announced that the little old
man who sacrificed with all he had for his
country, who reshaped the lives of many, who
changed the path of the world, who inspired -
and still will inspire- mankind till the end of the
world was dead.

13.  That night the Indian leader "Pandit Nehru"
spoke over the radio to the people and said,
 "Friends and Comrades, the light has gone out of
our lives and there is darkness everywhere. I do
not know what to tell you and how to say it. Our
beloved leader, Bapu as we call him, the Father of
the Nation, is no more. Perhaps I am wrong to say
that. Nevertheless, we will not see him again as
we have seen him for these many years. We will
not run to him for advice and seek solace from
him, and that is a terrible blow, not to me only but
to millions and millions of this
country."

14.  1. Accumulate little
 Gandhi believed in possessing little except the clothes he wore and some utensils for cooking and
eating. He used to give away or auction any gift that was ever given to him.
 It may not be possible these days for us to get down to less than ten possessions like Gandhi did,
but start cutting down to bare basics. Recycle, give things away, or auction your unwanted
possessions.
 Take up the 100 thing challenge and see if you can get down to owning less than 100 or even less
than 50 things.
 We tend to spend a lot of time and energy looking after our possessions. By having fewer things to
possess and look after, your life naturally becomes simpler.
 2. Eat simple food
 Gandhi never had a problem with being overweight. He followed a strict vegetarian diet and
frequently cooked his own simple food, which was locally produced.
 He ate this simple food from a small bowl, a reminder to eat moderately, and at the same time he
ate mindfully, often accompanied by prayers.
 So eat simply and moderately.
 3. Dress simply.
 Gandhi wore simple clothes that conveyed his message.
 There is this anecdotal story of the time when Gandhi met the King of Great Britain in London and
he wore his simple wrap around cloth.
 A journalist asked Gandhi, “Mr Gandhi, did you feel under-dressed when you met the King?”
 Gandhi replied, “The King was wearing enough clothes for both of us!”

15.  Though it may not be practical to weave your own cloth and make your own clothes, you can
simplify your life by dressing for comfort, not to impress.
 A simple hairstyle can shorten your grooming routine. You could even go as far as Gandhi and Leo
Babauta and shave your hair off.
 4. Lead a simple, stress-free life
 Gandhi never got stressed. He meditated daily and spent hours in reflection and prayer.
 Though he was a world leader and idolised by millions, he continued to lead a simple life with few
distractions and commitments. He would even interrupt his political meetings to go off and play
with children.
 And despite all his needs being taken care off, Gandhi still insisted on doing his own simple things.
He advocated self-sufficiency and simple work.
 So don’t take life too seriously — remember to take time out to play.
 5. Let your life be your message
 Though he was a prolific writer and powerful speaker, in private Gandhi spoke very quietly and
only when necessary. He was also very punchy and concise in his writing.
 He preferred to let his life do the talking for him.
 By living a simple life, Gandhi was able to devote his life to his chosen higher purpose. He was
totally focussed on his commitment to his people and the world.
 Even if you don’t wish to be another Gandhi, your life will be much simpler and happier by
following his life lessons.
 “If one has wealth, it does not mean that it should be thrown away and wife and children should
be turned out of doors. It simply means that one must give up attachment of these
things!” ~Gandhi