1. Today’s PlanToday’s Plan
1)1) JumpstartJumpstart
2)2) Reading MinuteReading Minute
3)3) Notes: AppeasementNotes: Appeasement
4)4) Post WW1 MapPost WW1 Map
5)5) Timeline – Leading to WW2Timeline – Leading to WW2

2. Jumpstart AssignmentJumpstart Assignment
What does this cartoon suggest about Hitler and hisWhat does this cartoon suggest about Hitler and his
enemies (the “leaders of democracy”)?enemies (the “leaders of democracy”)?

3. Timeline – Leading to WW2Timeline – Leading to WW2
 Hitler becomes Chancellor of GermanyHitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
 Mussolini becomes “Mussolini becomes “il duceil duce” of Italy” of Italy
 Japan attacks Manchuria, ChinaJapan attacks Manchuria, China
 Rape of NanjingRape of Nanjing
 Germany invades the Saar and Rhineland regions of FranceGermany invades the Saar and Rhineland regions of France
 Mussolini invades EthiopiaMussolini invades Ethiopia
 Hitler invades AustriaHitler invades Austria
 Hitler takes over Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia)Hitler takes over Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia)
 Britain, France and Germany agree to the Munich PactBritain, France and Germany agree to the Munich Pact
 Hitler and Stalin agree to the Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression PactHitler and Stalin agree to the Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
 Hitler invades PolandHitler invades Poland
 Hitler takes over Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, and LuxembourgHitler takes over Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg
 Hitler invades FranceHitler invades France
 British troops evacuate DunkirkBritish troops evacuate Dunkirk
 Hitler begins air assault on Great BritainHitler begins air assault on Great Britain
 German U-boats attack American shipsGerman U-boats attack American ships
 Germany invades Soviet UnionGermany invades Soviet Union

4. January 1933: Hitler becameJanuary 1933: Hitler became
Chancellor of GermanyChancellor of Germany

5. Hitler soon ordered a programme ofHitler soon ordered a programme of
rearming Germanyrearming Germany
Hitler visits a factory and is enthusiastically
greeted. Many Germans were grateful for
jobs after the misery of he depression years.

6. March 1936: German troops marchedMarch 1936: German troops marched
into the Rhinelandinto the Rhineland
The Rhineland was a region of Germany that was ‘demilitarised’
after the Treaty of Versailles. Germany was not allowed to have
troops in the region.
Hitler’s actions showed how he was willing to directly challenge
the treaty (Versailles).

7. March 1938: Nazi GermanyMarch 1938: Nazi Germany
annexed Austriaannexed Austria
Again, this went
against the terms of
the Treaty of
Versailles which
banned Germany
from uniting with
Austria.
However, the arrival
of German troops
was met with great
enthusiasm by many
Austrian people.

8. March 1939: Germany invadedMarch 1939: Germany invaded
CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia
Hitler had ordered theHitler had ordered the
occupation of a part ofoccupation of a part of
Czechoslovakia known asCzechoslovakia known as
thethe SudetenlandSudetenland (in October(in October
1938). Many hoped that that1938). Many hoped that that
this would be the lastthis would be the last
conquest of the Nazis.conquest of the Nazis.

9. Hitler and Stalin (the
Russian leader) signed a
‘non-aggression pact’.
They promised that
neither country would
attack the other in the
event of war.
As part of the deal, Hitler
promised Stalin part of
Poland, which he planned
to invade soon.
August 1939: Germany and Russia signed a non-aggression pact
This photo shows the Russian foreign minister
signing the pact, whilst Stalin stands smiling in
the background

10. The non-aggression pact was surprising. Hitler and Stalin were seen as natural enemies.The non-aggression pact was surprising. Hitler and Stalin were seen as natural enemies.
When Hitler talked of taking over new land for Germany, many thought that he meantWhen Hitler talked of taking over new land for Germany, many thought that he meant
Russia.Russia.
Hitler also hated Communism, the form of government in RussiaHitler also hated Communism, the form of government in Russia
Hitler
Stalin

11. But, the pact allowed Germany to march into Poland withoutBut, the pact allowed Germany to march into Poland without
fear of an attack from Russia.fear of an attack from Russia.
On September 1On September 1stst
, 1939, Germany invaded Poland and started a, 1939, Germany invaded Poland and started a
War with Britain and France.War with Britain and France.
A GermanA German blitzkriegblitzkrieg (sudden attack) quickly defeated Polish(sudden attack) quickly defeated Polish
armies.armies.
September 1939: Germany invaded Poland
German troops marching
into Warsaw, the capital
of Poland.

12. May 1940: Germany turned west andMay 1940: Germany turned west and
invaded France and the Netherlandsinvaded France and the Netherlands
In May 1940, GermanyIn May 1940, Germany
usedused BlitzkriegBlitzkrieg tactics totactics to
attack France and theattack France and the
Netherlands.Netherlands.
British troops were forcedBritish troops were forced
to retreat from the beachesto retreat from the beaches
ofof DunkirkDunkirk in northernin northern
France.France.
Captured British
troops, May 1940

13. By June 1940, France had surrendered to theBy June 1940, France had surrendered to the
GermansGermans
Britain and their leaderBritain and their leader Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill nownow
stood alone as the last remaining enemy of Hitler’sstood alone as the last remaining enemy of Hitler’s
Germany in Western Europe.Germany in Western Europe.
Adolf Hitler tours Paris after his
successful invasion.

14. U.S. IsolationismU.S. Isolationism
 Neutrality Act of 1935Neutrality Act of 1935 – prohibits American’s– prohibits American’s
from selling weapons or loaning money tofrom selling weapons or loaning money to
warring countrieswarring countries
 Neutrality Act of 1939Neutrality Act of 1939 – allowed a cash-and-– allowed a cash-and-
carry provisioncarry provision
 Land-Lease Act of 1941Land-Lease Act of 1941 - “all aid short of war.”- “all aid short of war.”
 Atlantic CharterAtlantic Charter – Roosevelt meets with– Roosevelt meets with
Churchill and agrees to “general security.”Churchill and agrees to “general security.”

15. September 1940September 1940
 Germany, Italy andGermany, Italy and
Japan sign theJapan sign the
Triparte PactTriparte Pact andand
became alliesbecame allies
known as the AXIS.known as the AXIS.

16. September 1940-May 1941:September 1940-May 1941: the Blitzthe Blitz
For the following nine months, theFor the following nine months, the
German air force (German air force (LuftwaffeLuftwaffe))
launched repeated bombing raidslaunched repeated bombing raids
on British towns and cities. Thison British towns and cities. This
was known aswas known as the BLITZthe BLITZ and wasand was
an attempt to bomb Britain intoan attempt to bomb Britain into
submission.submission.

17. Operation Barbarossa, June 1941Operation Barbarossa, June 1941
But in May, 1941, Hitler ordered a change of tactics. HeBut in May, 1941, Hitler ordered a change of tactics. He
decided to halt the bombing of Britain and launch andecided to halt the bombing of Britain and launch an
attack against Russia. He betrayed Stalin and ignoredattack against Russia. He betrayed Stalin and ignored
the promises he had made.the promises he had made.
This was a bold move that would prove to be anThis was a bold move that would prove to be an
important turning point in the War.important turning point in the War.

18. TasksTasks
First, use the timeline to indicate the order ofFirst, use the timeline to indicate the order of
events on your World War II maps.events on your World War II maps.
Then answer the following questions:Then answer the following questions:
1)1) In what ways did Hitler ignore the Treaty ofIn what ways did Hitler ignore the Treaty of
Versailles?Versailles?
2)2) At what stage do you think other countries shouldAt what stage do you think other countries should
have attempted to stop Hitler by using force? Whyhave attempted to stop Hitler by using force? Why
do you think they did not?do you think they did not?
3)3) How was Hitler able to take over Western EuropeHow was Hitler able to take over Western Europe
so quickly?so quickly?
4)4) Why did he create problems for the German armyWhy did he create problems for the German army
by deciding to invade Russia?by deciding to invade Russia?