The presentation is created by syudents from Jnana probodhini group. The presentation is about changing climate pattern in pune and solution provided by students.

1. By Pranav, Anoop& Shivanand

2.  What is climate change
 Greenhouse effect
 Introduction
 Causes of climate change
 Effects of climate change
 Recommendations
 Sources

3.  The climate of a region is defined by the average
temperature, humidity, wind direction and
sunshine of the region.
 If all this changes considerably, we may say that
‘climate change’ has occurred.
 Throughout the earth’s history ,there have been
changes in climate and that’s why evolution and
adaptation has taken place.
 So we may say that the climate of the earth is
ever changing

4.  The earth receives energy from sun mostly in
visible and UV spectrum.
 When this energy is gained by earth, she
reradiates it back in form of IR radiation.
 This IR radiation is absorbed by GHGs (as they
are IR active)and is liberated back in
atmosphere.
 This cycle helps earth keep warm or else the
average earth’s temperature would be 1celcius

5.  Activitiesthat generate GHGs are called sources
and those that remove them are called sinks.
 When the cycle of source-sinks is
disturbed, climate change occurs.
 This is caused by either internal or external
changes occurring regarding earth.
 Our focus is on external changes.

6. HUMAN NATURAL
 Agriculture  Sun storms
 Deforestation  Volcanic eruptions
 Pollution  Heat waves
 Chill waves
 Current changes

7.  CH4 is emitted on a large scale by cows and
bulls which are ruminating animals. Every time,
when they digest food CH4 is liberated.
 It is about 70-120 kg methane in a year !!
 Another 15-20% of the total CH4 emissions
come from paddy fields that are flooded during
sowing and maturing periods.

8.  Nearly 90%of the paddy area is done in Asia.
 Large paddy plantations are existing inTamhini
ghat and in the small towns near pune.
 A large volume of N2O emissions has been
attributed to fertilizer application.
 But still, our farmers use 4 times more fertilizers
than expected.
 Also, N2O is 200 times more stronger GHG than
CO2.

9.  62000 trees are cut in last 7 years in Pune
(legally).
 The hills in Pune-ARAI tekdi, parvati, taljai are
the only carbon sinks of Pune we should try to
conserve them.
 Govn has allowed 40% construction on such
hills. We think this should be opposed.
 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions result
from deforestation and degradation of forest.

10.  Forests contain about 125 percent of the carbon
found in the atmosphere. This carbon is stored in
the form of wood and vegetation through "carbon
sequestration".
 Deforestation will also disturb the ‘carbon cycle’
 This will again boost carbon production and the
cycle will go stronger and stronger along time.

12. Private
 As we all know, Pune has the maximum
number of two wheelers in the world.(19 lakh)
 So our city’s maximum source of pollution is
vehicles .
 On average, 0.62 lbsCO2/mile is released by
a vehicle in pune.
 So about 120lakh pounds of co2 & 60000
RSPM is released every day by vehicles
alone.

13. LAXMI ROAD NO TRAFFIC SENSE

14.  There are 10 power plants in or on the outskirts
of Pune.
 On average,300lbs co2 is produced by those in a
day.
 A study has shown that about 3030 kg rspm is
released in air by small scale power plants in a
day

16.  According to a study, 1 degree Celsius rise in
climate of Pune will do 3-7% loss on potatoes,
soybean, mustard and WHEAT!!
 By 2050, 20% loss on almost all crops is
expected in Maharashtra.
 Good thing is that increase of co2 levels in
Pune(550ppm) has brought 15% increase in rice
and legumes.

17.  Increased droughts and floods will affect
availability of crops in future.
 Animal distress due to heat .Effects on
reproduction and milk quantity have occurred.
 So loss of 1.5 million tons of milk is expected by
2020 in Maharashtra.
 Cases of extreme rain fall have doubled in Pune
in 50 years. This has affected mango market in
Pune.

19.  Vector borne diseases have increased
alarmingly in recent years as warmer
climate is suitable for mosquitoes to
survive and reproduce.
 160 deaths were recorded in 10 yrs due to
malaria in Pune.

20.  Pune’s biomes having short lifespan of 50 yrs
are still most vulnerable to projected climate
change.
 Vetal tekdi has seen 10% loss in its forest cover
since 2000.
 Good thing is increased CO2 levels have
boosted forest productivity in Maharashtra by
15%

21.  15-40% of species will face extinction in India
with rise in 2 degree Celsius(50 years from now).
 As we will see next by the graphs done by
ourselves, average temperatures will go
increasing.
 So biomes will be disturbed greatly resulting loss
of chances of survival of species.

25.  As we can see the required rainfall for Pune to
meet its needs is 1150.3mm.
 Average rainfall of Pune is 798.2 mm
 But this feat has never been achieved in last 50
years. So we must reconsider this issue
seriously and improve forest cover.

26.  Ifyou are idling your vehicle for more than
10sec, then you must turn the engine off as it
gives more CO2 than starting the engine.
 About 80 vehicles were standing at S.P college
chowk for 90 seconds(this is done by ourself).
 According to carbon footprint meter,idling vehicle
for 1 min=1mile=0.80lbs carbon


27. Reccomendations
So 96 pounds of carbon is released in just 1 chowk
of Pune in just 1 minute.
Imagine the number of such chowks in Pune and
the CO2 releasedin such chowks.
And imagine the CO2 released in 1 day.
WE JUST TURN OFF CAR AT
SIGNALS, WE MAKE A
DIFFERENCE!!!!