The document provides an overview of FreeBSD, ZFS, and FreeNAS. It discusses FreeBSD features such as UFS2, ZFS, jails, security auditing, and PC-BSD. It also summarizes ZFS versions and features like snapshots, cloning, and RAID types. Finally, it outlines FreeNAS features like protocols, services, reporting, and the new TrueNAS hardware solution.

1. FreeBSD, ZFS, and
FreeNAS
Dru Lavigne
Director of Community Development, iXsystems
Sweden, October 11, 2011

2. Agenda
Presentation:
Quick bio
Overview of FreeBSD (and PC-BSD)
Overview of ZFS versions and their features
Overview of FreeNAS & TrueNAS features
Demo:
FreeNAS/TrueNAS
Q&A

3. Quick Bio
Trainer and curriculum developer for network and
system administration since 1998
Author of BSD Hacks, Best of FreeBSD Basics,
and Definitive Guide to PC-BSD
Lead documentation writer and editor of the PC-
BSD Handbook and the FreeNAS Users Guide
Founder and chair of BSD Certification Group
Director at FreeBSD Foundation

4. FreeBSD
Overview:
Complete operating system based on Berkeley
Unix
Available for i386, amd64, ia64, pc98, powerpc,
and sparc64 architectures
Includes Linux binary compatibility for applications
that are only available in binary format

5. FreeBSD
Advantages:
Licensed under 2-clause BSD license
Clear separation of BSD and non-BSD licensed
code
All code and commit messages since Day 1 of the
project are online (e.g. cvsweb.allbsd.org)
Clear separation between the operating system
binaries/libs/config files and those that are
installed by third-party applications

6. FreeBSD
Advantages:
Security Officer, security team, Security
Advisories, and published EOL cycles
New code is committed to and tested on HEAD so
that OS is production quality by the time it is
RELEASEd: unified build system
Processes are documented in Developer's
Handbook and it is possible to work with devs to
have code committed (rather than maintaining
own forked code)

7. FreeBSD
Advantages:
Large and active development community
Mature project (18 years) with an associated
Foundation (11 years)
Well documented (FreeBSD Handbook and built-
in man pages)

9. FreeBSD
Features:
UFS2 supports soft-updates, journaling,
encryption (GBDE or GELI), software RAID 0, 1,
3, 5, filesystem snapshots, quotas,
ZFS supports RAID 0, 1, 3, RAIDZ1, RAIDZ2,
snapshots and clones, quotas, compression
Support for FAT16/32, NTFS, XFS, EXT2/3
filesystems

10. FreeBSD
Features:
MAC, including some pre-defined modules
OpenBSM for fine-grained security event auditing
HAST for highly available storage
Jails for operating system-level virtualization
CARP for high availability, ALTQ for QOS, and
lagg for link aggregation and failover

11. FreeBSD
Features:
FreeBSD Update provides binary snapshots for
upgrading to new releases as well as an easy way
to apply system patches
VuXML allows you to keep up with security
vulnerabilities on installed software
Dtrace for locating performance bottlenecks in
production and pre-production systems
BHYvE for para-virtualization

12. PC-BSD
FreeBSD under the hood, but customized for
desktop usage
Provides graphical installer and graphical front-
ends to common configuration tasks and software
management (both have scriptable back-end)
Video, sound, networking are pre-configured so
should “just work” out of the box

13. PC-BSD
9.0 Features:
Selection of fully integrated desktops
Control Panel
New back-end for AppCafe
Improved graphical networking management
Update Manager can now upgrade OS as well as
apply security updates and upgrade software

14. PC-BSD
Plans for 9.1:
Advanced disk management front-end: for
scheduling snapshots, scrubs, import/export,
clone management, 4k sectors, file system tuning
Warden will be integrated into control panel and
will provide an inmate browser
GUIs for managing sound devices, removable
devices, and bluetooth devices

15. ZFS
128-bit filesystem designed to be a “self-healing”
and to address hardware RAID issues with data
integrity
Snapshots only store what has changed since last
snapshot
Snapshots (which are ro) can be cloned (which
are rw)
Can rollback system to a snapshot

16. ZFS
Uses ZIL (ZFS Intent Log) to manage writes. SSD
½ size of RAM can increase performance.
Mirrored ZIL provides protection from data loss.
Uses L2ARC on-disk cache. Dedicated SSD may
accelerate read operations, especially when some
data is read repeatedly, and cannot fit in the
system memory ARC cache. Loss of device will
only slow down reads (no data loss).
http://www.solarisinternals.com/wiki/index.php/
ZFS_Best_Practices_Guide

17. ZFS
RAIDZ1: equivalent to RAID5 without the write-
hole
RAIDZ2: double-parity solution similar to RAID6
RAIDZ3: triple-parity solution
Caveats: resilvering takes time and can stress
disks

18. ZFS
Versions:
15: FreeNAS 8.0.1
28: FreeBSD 9.0, TrueNAS
adds RAIDZ3, deduplication
30: Oracle has not open sourced (yet?)
adds encryption
FreeBSD zfsd (ZFS fault monitoring and
management daemon) may address this

19. FreeNAS
8.x Series
Rewritten from a monolithic to a modular design
8.0 was released 5/11 with a focus on NAS core
functionality
8.0.1 was released 10/11 and incorporates most
features and many bug fixes
8.1, due out 12/11, will introduce plug-in
architecture for addons

20. FreeNAS
Provides:
UFS and ZFS, with a focus on ZFS
Appletalk, NFS, and SMB protocols
FTP/SFTP, SSH, iSCSI, DDNS, SNMP
Replication via rsync, cron jobs, UPS
OpenLDAP, AD
Reporting, S.M.A.R.T, alerts

21. TrueNAS
Complete hardware solution (2U/4U) designed for
enterprise use, includes one year support
services
Supports Fusion-io high-IOPS ioDrive, Duo, and
Octal cards, 10GbE expansion cards, and
expansion JBODs
ZFSv28 (RAIDZ3, deduplication)
Active/Passive Failover using CARP

22. Resources
FreeBSD Handbook:
http://www.freebsd.org/handbook
PC-BSD Handbook:
http://wiki.pcbsd.org
FreeNAS Guide:
http://doc.freenas.org

23. Demo

24. Q&A
Contact:
dru@freebsd.org
URL to Slides:
http://slideshare.net/dlavigne/sweden11