2. Anal Cancer This is usually squamous cancer and is treated with chemo-radiation. Rectal cancer is adenocarcinoma and is treated with surgery +/- chemoradiation
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5. T-oncoanatomy: Anus three-planar views. A. Coronal. B. Sagittal. C. Transverse, male anatomy. D. Transverse, female anatomy. (1) Middle rectal artery. (2) Obturator internus. (3) Inferior rectal artery. (4) External anal sphincter. (5) Anal canal. (6) Rectum. (7) Internal rectal venous plexus. (8) External rectal venous plexus. (9) Internal anal sphincter. (10) Pectin of anal canal. (11) Levator ani. (12) Corpus cavernosum penis. (13) Bulb of penis. (14) Urethra. (15) Ischial tuberosity. (16) Vagina. (17) Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas). (18) Urinary bladder.
19. Tomotherapy for anal cancer, high dose to anus and groin nodes, while avoiding the bladder and femurs
20. In the treatment the lasers are used to line up the beam and the patient receives the radiation treatment
21. Side Effects of Pelvic Radiation Radiation fields Radiation may hit the small bowel causing some cramps, diarrhea and fatigue High dose area
22. Side Effects of Pelvic Radiation Radiation fields Radiation may hit the bladder and rectum causing urinary burning or frequency and ano-rectal irritation High dose area