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Similar a Types, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rhinitis
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Types, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rhinitis
- 1. Rhinitis The stuffy nose! by Donald E Borden
- 2. Rhinitis is know as many things: 1. Allergenic Rhinitis ( Hay fever ) 2. Non-allergenic Rhinitis 3. Vasomotor Rhinitis 4. Infectionous Rhinitis 5. Hormonal
- 3. Allergenic Rhinitis Seasonal allergenic rhinitis (hay fever) is mainly an alergy caused by outdoor allergens such as tree, grass, weeds, and mold spores. If you sneeze, have a runny or stuffy nose during spring, summer, or fall you may have hay fever. Hay fever is the most common type of allergy problems. Symptoms include sneezing, itching, runny or stuffy nose, and red watery eyes.
- 4. NON-ALLERGENIC RHINITIS Non-allergenic rhinitis involves chronic sneezing or having a congested, drippy nose with no apperent cause. The symptoms are similar to thoses of hay fever, but there is no allergic reactions involved. Nonallergic rhinitis can affect children and adults, however is more common over the age of 20. More annoying than harmful, it can be triggered by odors, irritants, weather, certain foods, or another underlying condition. A diagnosis of nonallergenic rhinitis is given after allergic is ruled out by skin tests.
- 5. VASOMOTOR RHINITIS Vasomotor rhinitis is also known as post- nasal drip and nasal congestion. A person with this type of rhinitis may have symptoms when exsposed to temperature and humudity changes. Symptoms can also occur when exposed to smoke, strong odors, perfumes, or even emotional upsets. All of the above mentioned exposures cause dialation in the blood vesseles in the lining of the nose, which result in swelling and drainage.
- 6. INFECTIONOUS RHINITIS Infectionous rhinitis can occur as a cold, which may clear rapidly or continue with symptoms that can last a week or longer. Some people may devolpe an actue or chronic bacterial infection. The most common is the common cold which is 92% of the time caused by Rhinovirues and Coronavirues. Symptoms not only include runny or stuffy nose but also sore throat, headache, and cough. Also noted is an increase in colored (not clear as in other rhinitis) yellowed or greenish thickend nasal discharge.
- 7. HORMONAL RHINITIS Hormonal rhinitis is often seen with... as the name implies, hormonal changes. It often occurs with pregnancy, puberty, hypotyroidism, and the menstral cycle. The most common being pregancy during the early tri-mester and last 2-3 weeks of pregnancy. Hormonal rhinitis displayes the same common traits as allergenic with a noticed increase in clear nasal fluid discharge. It is not commonly treated by any medication due the cause being triggered by homones and the means to control it would be to administer an anti-hormone blocker that would cause an adverse reaction greater then the annoyence of the rhinitis.
- 8. Pathogen and Virulence factors. Virulence is the degree of pathogenecity or the ability of a bacteria/virus to invade a host. Rhinitis is a very common misconception that it in it's-self is a pathogen. Its not. It is an outside agent that is being dispelled from the body therfore being a sign or a symptom and not a classic defenition of a pathogen. Rhinitis is the outcome of the bodys ability to produce mucous to trap dust, pollen, pollution, bacteria, viruses, etc.. Nasal fluid flows from the front of the nose to the rear of the nose and down the throat. When to much mucous is made then it cause an overflow which pushes fluid out the front (runny nose).
- 9. Epidemiology of Rhinitis Epidemiology is the study of health events, health characterics, and health patterns in a population. Rhinitis being one the most common misdiagnosed problems and brushed off as just a cold, leads it to have great problems understanding the epidemiology. It is seen everywheree on the globe, including outer-space as in 1994 a shutlle mission astronaught had non-allergenic rhinitis after his 5th day being in outer-space. It has many causes from the weather, pollutions, to simple human sensetivity. Also being that in the medical field, rhinitis is seen more as an annoyense then a true problem, most epidemioligist choose not to study rhinitis but rather a more pressing or urgent matter.
- 10. Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention Diagnosis of minor rhinitis is usally done at home and is gathred from previous exsperiances. More acute, severe, or bothersome rhinitis is diagnosed by process of elemination since so many factors can cause it. Skin tests for allergic, blood tests or cultures for infectionous, palpatation and visual for vasomotor, age range and education for hormonal, process of elemination for nonallergenic. Most treatment comes in forms of anti-histimine medication (OTC or prescribed), nasal sprays, to home remidies or in worst case senario, surgical closing of the nasal mucous ducts via caterazation. Trying to prevent rhinitis is almsot an impossable feat as almost any irrataint can cause it. Some methods however are seasonal medication, removing your self from a known cause (enviroment) or agent (smoking). While having rhinitis might be misery it is in most cases not life threating, and can not be 100% prevented.