Understanding and Using English Grammar.

1. REGULAR AND I RREGULAR
PLURAL NOUNS
http://www.kau.edu.sa/SBANJER
By: Dr. Shadia Y. Banjar
http:/ / wwwdrshadiabanjar.blogspot.com
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2. FORM
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4. (Add –s to the end of noun)
The plural of most nouns is formed by adding final –s.
cup cups
student students
song songs
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5. Plural (nouns)
(Add –s to the end of noun)
table girl
tables
s girls
s
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6. Add –esto a singular noun that
ends with s, z , x, ch, or sh.
glasses
glass
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7. Plural (nouns)
foxes
fox
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8. Plural (nouns)
lunches
lunch
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9. Plural (nouns)
dish dishes
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10. If a noun ends in a consonant + -y,
change the y to an i and add –es.
babies
ies
baby
y
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11. Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in -o need –es to form the plural.
potato
potato potatoes
es
tomatoes
es
tomato
o
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12. Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in -o need only –s to form the plural.
kangaroo
kangaroo kangaroos
s
photo
photo photoes
es
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13. Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in –f/ -fe are
changed to –ves to form the plural.
thieves
s
knife
knife knives
es thief
thief
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14. Plural (nouns)
Some nouns end in -f simply need
only –s to form the plural.
roofs
s
roof
roof
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15. Pronunciation of plurals (s / es)
plurals(s es)
A. Final –sis pronounced / z/ after voiced sounds
(taxicabs, beds, dogs, balls, years, days, boys, trees, etc.)
B. Final –s is pronounced / s/ after voiceless sounds
(books, cups, groups, cats, students, desks, etc.)
C. Final –s, es is pronounced / ez/
after “s” sounds (classes, horses, boxes, faces)
after “z” sounds (sizes, roses, noises)
after “sh” sounds (dishes, bushes)
after “ch” sounds (matches, sandwiches)
after “ge/ dge” sounds (pages, ages, bridges, edges)
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16. Some nouns have irregular plural
forms that do not end in -s.
oxen
child
children
ox
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17. • Man men
• Woman women
• Child children
• Ox Oxen
• Foot feet
• Mouse mice
• Tooth teeth
• Fish fish
• _____ people
(is always plural) (no s)
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18. Some nouns have the same
singular and plural forms.
Two fish
One fish
One sheep
Two sheep
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19. Some nouns that English has
borrowed from other languages
have foreign plurals.
criterion criteria
fungus fungi
vertebra vertebrae
appendix appendices/ appendixes
analysis analyses
medium media
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