Notes for Female Reproductive System for MT

1. Organs of the female reproductive system
• External genitalia
Vulva & clitoris
• Internal genitalia
Uterus
Ovaries
Cervix
vagina

2. Ovarian ligament;
Suspensory ligament Anatomy of uterus/fallopian tube/ovary/cervix/vagina
Broad ligament
Round ligament
Mesovarium
Function:
Ova prouction
Hormone:
Progesterone
Estrogens
Relaxin
• Fallopian tube:(2)
Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
• Uterus lie in anteflexion
Fundus
Body has uterine cavity
Cervix has cervical canal
Isthmus
Internal & external os
Pouch:vesicouterine/rectouterine
Layers:endometrium,myometrium,
perimetrium

3. Anatomy of breast
• athelia;absence of nipple
• Polythelia: many nipples
• Gynaecomastia: development of breast in
males

4. • AB:absorption
• AFP: Alfa feto protein Female Reproductive system
• C-section: caesarean section
• CIS: carcinoma in situ Ova production
• Cx: cervix
• D& C: Dilatation & Curettage Growth of embryo
• DUB: dysfunctional uterine bleeding
• ECC: endocervical curettage •Hormones
• EDC: estimated date of confinement
• EMB: endometrial biopsy Estrogen:development of
• FSH:follicle stimulating hormone FRS,secondary sex character
• G: gravida
• Gyn; gynecology(diseases) & breast
• HCG: Human Chronic Gonadrotropin
• HSG:hysterosalphingography Progesterone:endometrium
• IVD/IVP:intrauterine device/pregnancy maturation & mammary gland
• LH: luetinising hormone
• LMP:last menstrual period Relaxin:parturation
• Multip:multipara
• OB:obstretics(pregnancy & delivery) Pitutary :FSH & LH
• OCP: oral contraceptive pills
• Pap smear: papanicolaou smear •Life cycle of female
• Path: pathology
• Peds: pediatrics Prepuberty
• PID: pelvic inflammatory disease
• PMS: premenstrual syndrome Puberty
• Primip:primipara
• TAH-BSP: total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral Fertilization period
salphingo oophorectomy
• UC: uterine contractions Menopause

5. Menstrual cycle

6. • Pregnancy
Presentation:fetal part occupies the lower
part of uterus
• Types
Cephalic
Shoulder
Breech
Popalic
• Lie of the fetus:Relation of long axis of
fetal spine to maternal spine
Oblique
Transverse
• Position:
Relation of denominator to different quadrants
of pelvis
LOA:left occipital anterior
LOP
LOT
ROA
ROP
ROT

7. Terms related to gynecology
• Adrenarche:beginning of hormonal activity leading to puberty
• Amenorrhea:stoppage or absence of menstrual cycle
• Aminocentisis: removal of aminiotic fluid for sex determination
• Braxton Hick’s sign:irregular contraction of uterus after first trimester of pregnancy
• Breech presentation:fetal position of baby in utero with feet or buttock appears first
• Cervical; pertaining to cervix
• Colposcopy: ex. Of vagina & cervix with lighted instrument
• Condyloma: warty growth in genital area
• Dysmenorrhea: painful menstruation
• oligomenorrhea: irregular menstruation period
• Menorrhagia: prolonged menstrual bleed
• Dysparaneuria:painful sexual intercourse
• Ectopic pregnancy: outside the normal site, i.e in pelvis or uterine tube
• Menometrorrhagia: excessive uterine bleeding in MC & inbetween
• Perineum:area between vagina & anus
• Emesis: throwing up
• Fetal distress: fetus in jeopardy
• Oophorectomy: removal of ovaries
• Salphingectomy:removal of fallopian tubes
• Psuedocyesis: no pregnancy, but symptoms of pregnancy are present

8. • Primigravida:first pregnancy of women
• Primipara: one child women
• Nullipara:women who is never pregnant
• Multipara: women delivering multiple child
• Multigravida:more than two fetus in uterus
• Menarche:first menses
• Leukorrhea: per vaginal white discharge
• Insitu: in position
• Inversion:reversal of position as upside down or inside out
• Introitus: opening or entrance into a canal or cavity such as vagina
• Hypomenoria: decrease menses
• Hystrectomy: removal of uterus
• Tocia: labor birth
• Retroflexion: uterus bend to posterior side
• Infertility:women has problem to conceive
• Imperforate hymen:covering over the cervix os
• LMP: last menstrual period
• EDD: expected date of delivery

9. Pathological disease of uterus/ovaries/fallopian tube/breast/pregnancy
• Cervicitis
• Endometrosis
• Fibroids
• Cervical carcinoma
• Endometrial ca
• Ovarian cyst
• Ovarian ca.
• PID
• Fibrocystic diseases
• Congenital conditions
• Ca. of breast
• Abruptio placentae
• Choriocarcinoma
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Placenta previa
• preeclampsia

10. Clinical test & procedure uterus/gynecology/pregnancy
• Pap smear
• Pregnancy test
• Hysterosalphingography
• Mamography
• USG Pelvic
• Aspiration
• cauterization
• Coloscopy
• Hysteroscopy
• Cyldocentesis
• Dilatation & curretage
• Conization
• Tubectomy
• Abortion
• Aminocentesis
• Cesarean section
• pelvimetry

11. • Ethinyl estradiol Drugs
• Estradiol
• Estrogen
• Levanogestrol
• Medroxyprogesterno acetate
• norethanadrone