Its a dual language (English+Hindi) PPT for sensitization of Masses , Para-Medical Staff & Lower Hospital Staff Plesae Share & Acknowledge

1. Dr. Vikram Gupta
Assistant Professor-cum
-I/C Rural Health Centre, Pohir
Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College &
Hospital, Ludhiana (Punjab), India
dr_vikramgupta@yahoo.co.in

3.  More than Half of the slides were presented by me at
Sensitization Workshop organized by Department of
Microbiology for Staff Nurses & other Para-Medical
Staff in Hindi Languagae.
 Please Share & use as per your need

4. HISTORY/ इििहास
 Discovery of AIDS in 1981 in USA./अमरीका
 First case diagnosed among the homosexual men
presenting with a rare infection caused by
Pneumocystis carinii.
 In India the HIV infection was first detected in 6
female prostitutes in chennai in 1986./ चेननई
 Risk groups in India are different from American
and the Europeans but similar to those in the
African and the other third world countries

5. Epidimological features : Agent
factors / HIV वायरस की िवशे ष िा
 Agent is Lentivirus subfamily of
retro virus./ रे ट रो वायरस
 Reservoir of infection : person harbouring HIV virus
 Source of infection is: infected semen ,blood, vaginal
secretions, saliva and other body fluids
 Period of infectivity: life long / आजीवन संकमण
 The infectivity is highest in the initial stages of
infection and also in the late stage when clinical
manifestations appears.

6. HIGH-RISK GROUPS OF HIV/
जयादा िरसक वाला समू ह
There are subpopulations who are more vulnerable or
practice high-risk behavior. These are:-
 Sex workers and their clients, / सेकस वकर और गाहक
क
 men who have sex with men (MSM)/ male homosexuals,
समिलंगी पुरष
 Trans-genders, िहजडे
 injecting drug users (IDUs), सू ई वाला नशा करने पर
 Newborn of Infected Mothers, संकिमि माँ से नवजाि को
 truckers, टक चालक
 migrant workers, पवासी शिमक
 spouses and children of men who are prone to risky
behaviour.

8. ……. via unprotected sexual intercourse

9. Transmission may occur from mother to child
Via breast feeding & during pregnancy or
delivery .

10. सू ई वाला नशा करने
पर
.. via injectable drug abuse

11. सं क िित खू न
..via contaminated blood & blood products transfusion

12. .. via infected syringes

13. HIV-जीवन
चक

14. MYTHS AND MISCONCEPTIONS / पचिलि गलि
धारणा
HIV IS NOT TRANSMITTED BY
 SHAKING HANDS
 HUGGING
 DRY KISSING
 SNEEZING,COUGHING
 MOSQUITO BITE
 TOILET SHARING
 SHARING OF TELEPHONE
 SHARING OF OFFICES
 TRAVELLING TOGETHER IN BUSES AND TRAINS
 SHARING CUPS OR CUTLERY
 LIVING IN SAME ROOM
 DONATING BLOOD ASEPTICALLY

15. SNEEZING,COUGHING
/ छीं क ने या खाँ स ने से

16. SHAKING HANDS
/ हाथ िमलाने से

17. E A T IN G
TO G E TH E R /
एक साथ खाने से

18. MOSQUITO BITE/
मचछर क काटने से
े

26. Susceptibility to chemical &
physical agents
 It is an enveloped virus highly sensitive to ether.
 Dies outside the body with in few days.
 Can survive at 20-37°C for 15 days.
 Killed at 56°C in 30 min.
at 60°C in 10 min.
at 100°C in < 1min.

27. Susceptibility to chemical &
physical agents
 Killed by 70% Ethanol in 10 min.
by 35% isopropyl alcohol.
by 3% Lysol.
by 0.5% sod. hypochlorite.
by 2% glutaraldehyde in 2min.
by 3% H2O2.
by 1% household bleach.

28. A monogamous person cannot contract an STI like HIV. /
अगर एक साथी वफादार
MYTH / गलत
Individuals who are faithful to their partners may still be at
risk for contracting STIs if their partners engage in sexual
activity with other people. In addition, individuals who are
currently monogamous with their partners may have
contracted an STI/HIV from someone else in the past;
therefore, they may have HIV without knowing it and/or
without telling their current partners.

29. HIV is transmitted through contact with an HlV-
positive person's infected body fluids./
सं क िमि खू न , थू क , वीयक
FACT / सही
HIV is transmitted through contact with an HlV-positive
person's infected body fluids, such as semen, pre-ejaculate
fluid, vaginal fluids, blood, or breast milk. HIV can also be
transmitted through needles contaminated with HlV-infected
blood, including needles used for injecting drugs, tattooing or
body piercing.

30. HIV or AIDS can be cured./ इलाज
है
MYTH/ गलि
To date, there is no cure for HIV or
AIDS and there are no vaccines to
prevent HIV infection.

31. Since I only have oral sex, I'm not at risk for HIV/
AIDS. / मु ख मै थु न से नही होिा
MYTH / गलि
You can get HIV by having oral sex with a
man or a woman. That is why it is
important to use a latex barrier during
oral, vaginal, or anal sex.

32. I would know if a loved one or I had HIV. /
अगर HIV होगा , मु झे पिा चल जाएगा
MYTH / गलि
A person with HIV may not show any symptoms for
up to 10 years. Since HIV affects each person
differently, many people with HIV can look and
feel healthy for years. The only sure way to know
is to get tested.

33. Birth control methods do not prevent the transmission
of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) such as HIV. /
गभक िनरोधक क उपयोग से HIV का सं क मण नही
े
रकिा
FACT / सही
Birth control methods do not prevent the
transmission of sexually transmitted diseases
(STD) such as HIV. They only aim to prevent
pregnancy. Only condoms if used correctly and
consistently can be used for preventing HIV
and STIs.

34. Antiretroviral drugs don't keep you from passing the
virus to others. /
दवाई खाने क बावजू द वायरस फल सकिा है
े ै
FACT / सही
Antiretroviral drugs don't keep you from passing the
virus to others. Therapy can keep the viral load down
to undetectable levels, but HIV is still present in the
body and can still be transmitted to others.

35. Youth are particularly vulnerable to HIV/
नवयु व को मे जयादा
FACT / सही
HIV is disproportionately higher among young people
than adults for both biological and behavioral reasons.
The highest reported cases of STIs are among young
people (ages 15 to 24).

36. Condoms reduce the risk for contracting
STIs, including HIV infection.
FACT/ सही
After abstinence, latex condoms are the most effective
way to prevent STIs, including HIV infection.
However, latex condoms are not 100% effective. Some
groups have reported inaccurate research that
suggests that HIV can pass through latex condoms,
but this is not true. In fact, laboratory tests show that
no STI, including HIV, can penetrate latex condoms
(Gardner, Blackburn, & Upadhyay, 1999).

38. A Photo of I.C.T.C Centre

39. Disposal of waste/
सं क िमि कचरे का
िनषपादन
 Solid wste are to be disinfected with sodium
hypochlorite o.5% and then incinerated or buried.
 Liquid waste are disinfected and then flushed out

40. Disposal of dead bodies of individuals who
have died of HIV/AIDS
HIV/ AIDS पीिडि क मृ ि शरीर का
े
िनषपादन
 It is preferable to use gloves while giving ceremonial
bath.
 All orifices (nose, ears, mouth vagina and anus to be
packed with cotton wool
 The body is then best disposed by cremation.
 If it has to be buried the body is then wrapped in a
plastic bag. Bleaching powder may be sprinkled below
and above the body or in the coffin box.

41. Post Exposure Prophylaxis(PEP)
 This procedure consist of taking anti viral drugs by the
health care worker as soon as possible after exposure to
HIV
 Steps to be taken
 Needle sticks and cuts should be washed with soap and
water,
 Splashes to the nose, mouth or skin should be flushed with
water.
 Eyes should be irrigated with clean water or saline.
 Pricked finger should not be put in to the mouth, but
squeezed to encourage bleeding and then applied an
antiseptic such as spirit.

42. PEP recommendations
It should be instituted with in 72 hours
 Basic Regimen:
 4 weeks treatment with
 -AZT (Zidovudine) 600 mg/d in two or three divided
doses (usually 300 mg b.d.)+
 -Lamivudine 150 mg b.d.

43. Universal Precautions for HIV
 Washing hands with soap and water before and
after all patient care.
 Hands and other skin surfaces should be washed
immediately and thoroughly if contaminated with blood
or body fluids.
 Use appropriate barrier precautions.
 Gloves should be worn for patient examinations
and for procedures.
 Gloves should be changed after contact with each
patient.
 Masks, protective eye wear or face shields, and
gowns or aprons should be worn when splashes
are anticipated.

44. Universal Precautions………
 Prevent injuries caused by needles, scalpels etc.
 DO NOT recap needles after use.
 Needles should not be purposely bent, broken, or
otherwise manipulated by hand.
 After use, the disposable sharps should be placed
in puncture-proof containers for disposal

45. Universal Precautions……..
 To minimize the need for mouth to mouth
resuscitation, resuscitation bags should be available.
 Although HIV has been recovered from saliva, there is
no conclusive evidence that saliva is involved in HIV
transmission.
 Resuscitation equipment should be used once only
and discarded, or thoroughly cleaned and disinfected.

46. Universal Precautions…….
 HCWs with exudative lesions should refrain from all
direct patient care and from handling patient care
equipment.
 Pregnant HCWs: not known to be at greater risk of
contracting HIV.
 However, if a HCW develops HIV infection during
pregnancy, the infant is at risk.
 So pregnant HCWs should strictly adhere to these
precautions.

47. ABC to Prevent AIDS
बचाव की ABC

50. have faith and trust in married life relationship