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True Stories from
        Open Source
Danese Cooper
eLiberatica
Bucharest, 23 May 2009
What is Open Source?
As defined at www.opensource.org:

 Binaries + Source Code distributed together
  under an OSD-compliant license

        Freely modifiable
        Freely redistributable
        Freely forkable
        Non-discriminatory = anyone can play
        Non-revokable = code must remain open




© 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide
What is OSI?
                                                                             A non-profit organization providing
                                                                               leadership for the Open Source
                                                                               movement, through…
                                                                              Bridge-building

                                                                              Leadership

                                                                              Spokesmanship




                                                                             © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                                           Slide


Bridge-Building: Most generally, OSI's job is to build bridges between the hacker culture and the mainstream, to educate the people who meet on those bridges, and to assist them in building bonds of practice and trust that can enable
both groups to benefit from sustained cooperation.


Leadership: Inseparable from the job of bridge-building is one of community leadership. To represent our community to the mainstream, we must both hold the trust of our community and be seen to hold that trust. We earn that trust by
being effective wise(wo)men and influence leaders, helping the community find direction and response to challenges as they arise.


Spokesmanship: Our community expects and requires of us that we will not only lead on the tough issues, but that we will use our visibility and credibility to give the open-source community an effective voice in the larger world.


The most obvious mode of bridge-building has been our maintainance of the OSD and certification of open-source licenses. Since we took on this job in 1998, we have developed an enviable reputation as honest brokers between the
corporate world and the hackers, trusted by both sides to maintain the social contract that supports their cooperation to the tune of billions of dollars of money and labor exchanged every year.


We have successfully led the community response to several serious crises, including Microsoft's attempts to discredit the GPL in 2001-2002 and the SCO lawsuit in 2003. We have also done remarkably well in the area of spokesmanship,
establishing OSI as an upright and respectable “good-guy” organization which almost invariably garners favorable media coverage. These are achievements about which all present and former members of OSI can feel justly proud. Very few
advocacy organizations with barely six years of history have ever achieved as much.


However, in considering OSI's mission, it is important that we not confuse tactics with strategy or means with ends. License certification, important as it is, is a means not an end. So is successful PR. These tactics were not the entirety of
OSI's founding mission, nor do they encompass all of our responsibilities today. Very concretely, these tactics would not include projects like the Open Source Awards which are clearly within the scope of OSI's charter objectives.


The discussion of roles and responsibilities in the remainder of this document, therefore, should not be read in light of a narrow set of specific objectives such as license certification or the OSAs. Rather, they should be read as operating
procedures for an organization with a very general mission of bridge-building, leadership, and spokesmanship.
Cool, but does anybody
        actually USE it?
Government Adoption
                                                                        Bristol, England switches to StarOffice


                                                                        Kerala, India goes Open Source


                                                                        Brasil loves Linux!


                                                                        Malaysian “Master Plan” for Open Source


                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org      Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
RedHat Map




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Its a Small World Afterall




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Happiest Place On Earth




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
But is it Sustainable?




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
...or a Ship of Fools?




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Back to Governments...




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Bristol: value for money




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Kerala: total commitment




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Malaysia: persistence




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Brasil: national pride




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
So you want to adopt
                                                                        open source?




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
Five Stages of Adoption




                                                        © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide



1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD
1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto
1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project
1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project
1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition
1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project.

                 - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined
1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
What is Open Source
                                                                                                            Methodology?
                                                                                              Use an OSI-approved license
                                                                                              Document every decision / action
                                                                                              Use simple and available tools
                                                                                              Reward merit with increased
                                                                                               responsibility
                                                                                              Work transparently
                                                                                              Encourage contribution

                                                                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                      Slide



    All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable.
             -new participants learn the project by researching the archive

    Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation

                       -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,

    Increased responsibility is a reward for merit

                      -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.

    All bugs are public

                      -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.

    One codebase

                      -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
Is Open Source Anarchy?
                                             In fact only those with reputation can
                                              commit code
                                             Massive peer review = more QA staff
                                              than you can hire
                                             Massive peer review also promotes
                                              higher quality check-ins
                                             Published roadmaps and acceptance
                                              criteria guide community expectation

                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide


   Loose lips donʼt sink ships anymore
Open Source Companies




                                                                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                      Slide



    All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable.
             -new participants learn the project by researching the archive

    Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation

                       -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,

    Increased responsibility is a reward for merit

                      -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.

    All bugs are public

                      -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.

    One codebase

                      -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
Open Source Companies




                                                                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                      Slide



    All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable.
             -new participants learn the project by researching the archive

    Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation

                       -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,

    Increased responsibility is a reward for merit

                      -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.

    All bugs are public

                      -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.

    One codebase

                      -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
Open Source Companies


                                                                                                                                          ?                             ?
                                                                                                                                                                    ?
                                                                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                              Slide



    All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable.
             -new participants learn the project by researching the archive

    Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation

                       -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,

    Increased responsibility is a reward for merit

                      -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.

    All bugs are public

                      -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.

    One codebase

                      -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
Open Standards?




                                                                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                      Slide



    All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable.
             -new participants learn the project by researching the archive

    Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation

                       -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,

    Increased responsibility is a reward for merit

                      -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.

    All bugs are public

                      -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.

    One codebase

                      -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
Open Standards?

                                                                                             Not defined
                                                                                             40 years of baggage
                                                                                             Way too much wiggle room for
                                                                                              companies

                                                                                             Standards should be “Open-Source
                                                                                              Implementable”
                                                                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                      Slide



    All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable.
             -new participants learn the project by researching the archive

    Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation

                       -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,

    Increased responsibility is a reward for merit

                      -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.

    All bugs are public

                      -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.

    One codebase

                      -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
Summary

                                                                                             Open Source is a Global Phenomenon
                                                                                             Open Source is a recognized skill set
                                                                                             Open Source is increasingly a core
                                                                                              competency for companies,
                                                                                              governments
                                                                                             Not all “Open” is equivalent


                                                                                          © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org                      Slide



    All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable.
             -new participants learn the project by researching the archive

    Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation

                       -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,

    Increased responsibility is a reward for merit

                      -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.

    All bugs are public

                      -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.

    One codebase

                      -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
Sources
   Bristol http://www.opensourceacademy.gov.uk/news_and_events/
    press_releases/article/bristol-switches-to-staroffice/
   Kerala http://news.zdnet.com/2100-3513_22-152441.html
   Malaysia http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4602325.stm
   Data Map http://flowingdata.com/2009/04/30/is-your-country-
    involved-in-open-source/
   5 Stages http://news.cnet.com/8301-13505_3-10246722-16.html?
    part=rss&tag=feed&subj=TheOpenRoad
   Hungarian Procurement http://www.osor.eu/news/hu-
    procurement-continues-to-puzzle-open-source-companies



         © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org   Slide
See you at
      www.opensource.org

danese@opensource.org

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"True Stories from Open Source" by Danese Cooper @ eLiberatica 2009

  • 1. True Stories from Open Source Danese Cooper eLiberatica Bucharest, 23 May 2009
  • 2. What is Open Source? As defined at www.opensource.org: Binaries + Source Code distributed together under an OSD-compliant license  Freely modifiable  Freely redistributable  Freely forkable  Non-discriminatory = anyone can play  Non-revokable = code must remain open © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide
  • 3. What is OSI? A non-profit organization providing leadership for the Open Source movement, through…  Bridge-building  Leadership  Spokesmanship © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide Bridge-Building: Most generally, OSI's job is to build bridges between the hacker culture and the mainstream, to educate the people who meet on those bridges, and to assist them in building bonds of practice and trust that can enable both groups to benefit from sustained cooperation. Leadership: Inseparable from the job of bridge-building is one of community leadership. To represent our community to the mainstream, we must both hold the trust of our community and be seen to hold that trust. We earn that trust by being effective wise(wo)men and influence leaders, helping the community find direction and response to challenges as they arise. Spokesmanship: Our community expects and requires of us that we will not only lead on the tough issues, but that we will use our visibility and credibility to give the open-source community an effective voice in the larger world. The most obvious mode of bridge-building has been our maintainance of the OSD and certification of open-source licenses. Since we took on this job in 1998, we have developed an enviable reputation as honest brokers between the corporate world and the hackers, trusted by both sides to maintain the social contract that supports their cooperation to the tune of billions of dollars of money and labor exchanged every year. We have successfully led the community response to several serious crises, including Microsoft's attempts to discredit the GPL in 2001-2002 and the SCO lawsuit in 2003. We have also done remarkably well in the area of spokesmanship, establishing OSI as an upright and respectable “good-guy” organization which almost invariably garners favorable media coverage. These are achievements about which all present and former members of OSI can feel justly proud. Very few advocacy organizations with barely six years of history have ever achieved as much. However, in considering OSI's mission, it is important that we not confuse tactics with strategy or means with ends. License certification, important as it is, is a means not an end. So is successful PR. These tactics were not the entirety of OSI's founding mission, nor do they encompass all of our responsibilities today. Very concretely, these tactics would not include projects like the Open Source Awards which are clearly within the scope of OSI's charter objectives. The discussion of roles and responsibilities in the remainder of this document, therefore, should not be read in light of a narrow set of specific objectives such as license certification or the OSAs. Rather, they should be read as operating procedures for an organization with a very general mission of bridge-building, leadership, and spokesmanship.
  • 4. Cool, but does anybody actually USE it?
  • 5. Government Adoption Bristol, England switches to StarOffice Kerala, India goes Open Source Brasil loves Linux! Malaysian “Master Plan” for Open Source © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 6. RedHat Map © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 7. Its a Small World Afterall © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 8. Happiest Place On Earth © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 9. But is it Sustainable? © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 10. ...or a Ship of Fools? © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 11. Back to Governments... © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 12. Bristol: value for money © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 13. Kerala: total commitment © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 14. Malaysia: persistence © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 15. Brasil: national pride © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 16. So you want to adopt open source? © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 17. Five Stages of Adoption © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide 1978 - Bill Joy ships 1BSD 1983 - Richard Stallman writes GNU Manifesto 1991 - Linus Torvalds starts Linux project 1995 - Brian Behlendorf starts Apache project 1997 - Bruce Perens’ Open Source Definition 1998 - Netscape creates Mozilla project. - Tim O’Reilly hosts meeting where term “Open Source” is coined 1999 - Open Source Certification mark launched by OSI
  • 18. What is Open Source Methodology?  Use an OSI-approved license  Document every decision / action  Use simple and available tools  Reward merit with increased responsibility  Work transparently  Encourage contribution © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable. -new participants learn the project by researching the archive  Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,  Increased responsibility is a reward for merit -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.  All bugs are public -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.  One codebase -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
  • 19. Is Open Source Anarchy?  In fact only those with reputation can commit code  Massive peer review = more QA staff than you can hire  Massive peer review also promotes higher quality check-ins  Published roadmaps and acceptance criteria guide community expectation © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  Loose lips donʼt sink ships anymore
  • 20. Open Source Companies © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable. -new participants learn the project by researching the archive  Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,  Increased responsibility is a reward for merit -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.  All bugs are public -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.  One codebase -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
  • 21. Open Source Companies © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable. -new participants learn the project by researching the archive  Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,  Increased responsibility is a reward for merit -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.  All bugs are public -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.  One codebase -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
  • 22. Open Source Companies ? ? ? © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable. -new participants learn the project by researching the archive  Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,  Increased responsibility is a reward for merit -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.  All bugs are public -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.  One codebase -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
  • 23. Open Standards? © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable. -new participants learn the project by researching the archive  Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,  Increased responsibility is a reward for merit -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.  All bugs are public -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.  One codebase -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
  • 24. Open Standards?  Not defined  40 years of baggage  Way too much wiggle room for companies  Standards should be “Open-Source Implementable” © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable. -new participants learn the project by researching the archive  Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,  Increased responsibility is a reward for merit -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.  All bugs are public -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.  One codebase -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
  • 25. Summary  Open Source is a Global Phenomenon  Open Source is a recognized skill set  Open Source is increasingly a core competency for companies, governments  Not all “Open” is equivalent © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide  All decisions are made or at least memorialized on mail lists which are publicly archived and searchable. -new participants learn the project by researching the archive  Toolset is simple and also open sourced, which removes barriers to participation -typical tools include CVS, BugZilla, mail lists,  Increased responsibility is a reward for merit -Commit access is granted only after individual has submitted worthy code to project for some period of time.  All bugs are public -Security, encryption and other “controversial” issues are vetted in public under belief that peer review yields better code than secrecy.  One codebase -Barring community from earning commit access indicates lack of trust
  • 26. Sources  Bristol http://www.opensourceacademy.gov.uk/news_and_events/ press_releases/article/bristol-switches-to-staroffice/  Kerala http://news.zdnet.com/2100-3513_22-152441.html  Malaysia http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4602325.stm  Data Map http://flowingdata.com/2009/04/30/is-your-country- involved-in-open-source/  5 Stages http://news.cnet.com/8301-13505_3-10246722-16.html? part=rss&tag=feed&subj=TheOpenRoad  Hungarian Procurement http://www.osor.eu/news/hu- procurement-continues-to-puzzle-open-source-companies © 2009 Danese Cooper, Contact: danese@opensource.org Slide
  • 27. See you at www.opensource.org danese@opensource.org