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Professional Open Source™




JBoss clustering solutions
Mircea Markus, JBoss R&D




                                                         1
Agenda
                              Professional Open Source




o Clustering terminology
o JBoss clustering backbone
  o JGroups
  oJBossCache
  oPojoCache
o The future – Infinispan
o Q&A




                                                         2
Clustering terminology
                                                                                       Professional Open Source

o Scalability
    o   I want to handle x times the number of concurrent requests than I can now
o High availability
    o   Services are accessible with reasonable (and predictable) response times at any time
    o E.g., 99.999 (5 Nines in Telco)
o Load balancing
    o   A way to obtain scalability and better performance by dispatching incoming requests to different
        servers
    o Session affinity (or stickiness)
    o Checking heart beat
o Failover
    o   Process can continue when it is re-directed to a “backup” node because the original one fails
    o What is the policy? Round-robin?
o Fault tolerance
    o   A service that guarantees strictly correct behavior despite system failure
    o Cost?




                                                                                                                  3
Load Balancing != Fault Tolerance
                                                              Professional Open Source


Load balancing is used for scalability, not for fault tolerance




                                                                                         4
Load Balancing != Fault Tolerance
                                                               Professional Open Source



Failover and state replication is used for fault tolerance




                                                    State Replication




                                                                                          5
Cost of Fault Tolerance
                                                                Professional Open Source


For fault tolerance, state must be available to the failover node
 – Shared persistent store
    • Caching is a problem; need cache invalidation
 – Replicated state

Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Replication
 – Reduced application responsiveness vs. chance that failover occurs
   before state arrives

Analyze the likelihood of failure
 – How much fault tolerance is needed?

Limit amount of replicated state
 – Entity data can be reconstructed
 – Consider keeping short term-conversational state on client
    • Form data from a wizard


                                                                                           6
JGroups
                                                 Professional Open Source


o Library for reliable multicasting
o Provides
   o Fragmentation
   o   Message retransmission
   o   Flow control
   o   Ordering
   o   Group membership, membership change notification
o LAN or WAN based
   o IP multicasting transport default for LAN
   o TCP transport default for WAN




                                                                            7
JBossCache
                                               Professional Open Source

 o Replicated in memory data repository
 o Either locally or cluster-wide
 o Support for eviction of unused elements
 o Cache loading/storing to disk to free up memory
 o Chaining caches, remote caches using
   TcpCacheLoader
 o Support for JTA transactions
 o Listeners and notifications
 o JMX manageability
 o Multiple locking schemes (MVCC recommanded)
 o JGroups as a network stack

                                                                          8
PojoCache
                                  Professional Open Source



 oExtension of core cache
 oOptimised for caching large and complex
  objects with relationships
 oObject relationships maintained, even
  after replication or persistence
 oFine-grained replication
 oMinimal API




                                                             9
Where is JBossCache used?
                                              Professional Open Source


o JBoss Application Server - Clustering HTTP and EJB
  sessions, JPA entities
o Hibernate - entity caching
o SEAM - caching JSF generated content
o JBoss Portal
o Lucene/Hibernate Search - cluster-wide indexes
o GridGain - data grid component to complement compute
  grid
o Coming soon:
   – Drools - clustering rules engines
   – Mobicents – VOIP SIP server clustering
o Many other open source and commercial projects



                                                                         10
Infinispan – the future
                                              Professional Open Source



o JBossCache is now in maintenance
o simple-to-use Map interface
o Replication
   o Total
   o Distribution/consistent hashing – virtually linear
     scalability
o Transaction support enhancement - XAResource
o Data eviction redesign
o JSR-107 compliant
o Benchmark to come!
  (CacheBenchmarkFramework)


                                                                         11
Infinispan - data persistence
                                    Professional Open Source



o Useful for
  o‘warm’ starts
  oSurvive server restarts
  oSwap data to disk to avoid OOM
o Several ‘CacheStore’ implementations
  oJDBC
  oFile system
  oAmazon S3
    (http://code.google.com/p/jclouds)
  oJDBM

                                                               12
Infinispan – datagrid platform
                                      Professional Open Source



o Data grid
   oUniform sea of memory
   oSpread over several servers
o Solution to database limitations
   oPhysical limitations
   oDB does not scale
o “memory is the new disk, disk is the new
  tape” - Tim Bray




                                                                 13
Infinispan – async API
                                                 Professional Open Source


o New API in Infinispan, major feature for 4.0




o Hybrid between sync and async calls




                                                                            14
New cool things to come!
                                  Professional Open Source



 omemcached server/clients, able to use
  from Python, Ruby, C++, C#
 oQuery API - do remote searches
 oMap/Reduce - pass the cache a Callable
  and have it execute wherever the data
  exists
 oJPA-style API. Easy migration from
  using a database to using the grid!
 oCheck it out here!
  http://www.jboss.org/infinispan


                                                             15

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"JBoss clustering solutions Mission Critical Enterprise" by Mircea Markus @ eLiberatica 2009

  • 1. Professional Open Source™ JBoss clustering solutions Mircea Markus, JBoss R&D 1
  • 2. Agenda Professional Open Source o Clustering terminology o JBoss clustering backbone o JGroups oJBossCache oPojoCache o The future – Infinispan o Q&A 2
  • 3. Clustering terminology Professional Open Source o Scalability o I want to handle x times the number of concurrent requests than I can now o High availability o Services are accessible with reasonable (and predictable) response times at any time o E.g., 99.999 (5 Nines in Telco) o Load balancing o A way to obtain scalability and better performance by dispatching incoming requests to different servers o Session affinity (or stickiness) o Checking heart beat o Failover o Process can continue when it is re-directed to a “backup” node because the original one fails o What is the policy? Round-robin? o Fault tolerance o A service that guarantees strictly correct behavior despite system failure o Cost? 3
  • 4. Load Balancing != Fault Tolerance Professional Open Source Load balancing is used for scalability, not for fault tolerance 4
  • 5. Load Balancing != Fault Tolerance Professional Open Source Failover and state replication is used for fault tolerance State Replication 5
  • 6. Cost of Fault Tolerance Professional Open Source For fault tolerance, state must be available to the failover node – Shared persistent store • Caching is a problem; need cache invalidation – Replicated state Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Replication – Reduced application responsiveness vs. chance that failover occurs before state arrives Analyze the likelihood of failure – How much fault tolerance is needed? Limit amount of replicated state – Entity data can be reconstructed – Consider keeping short term-conversational state on client • Form data from a wizard 6
  • 7. JGroups Professional Open Source o Library for reliable multicasting o Provides o Fragmentation o Message retransmission o Flow control o Ordering o Group membership, membership change notification o LAN or WAN based o IP multicasting transport default for LAN o TCP transport default for WAN 7
  • 8. JBossCache Professional Open Source o Replicated in memory data repository o Either locally or cluster-wide o Support for eviction of unused elements o Cache loading/storing to disk to free up memory o Chaining caches, remote caches using TcpCacheLoader o Support for JTA transactions o Listeners and notifications o JMX manageability o Multiple locking schemes (MVCC recommanded) o JGroups as a network stack 8
  • 9. PojoCache Professional Open Source oExtension of core cache oOptimised for caching large and complex objects with relationships oObject relationships maintained, even after replication or persistence oFine-grained replication oMinimal API 9
  • 10. Where is JBossCache used? Professional Open Source o JBoss Application Server - Clustering HTTP and EJB sessions, JPA entities o Hibernate - entity caching o SEAM - caching JSF generated content o JBoss Portal o Lucene/Hibernate Search - cluster-wide indexes o GridGain - data grid component to complement compute grid o Coming soon: – Drools - clustering rules engines – Mobicents – VOIP SIP server clustering o Many other open source and commercial projects 10
  • 11. Infinispan – the future Professional Open Source o JBossCache is now in maintenance o simple-to-use Map interface o Replication o Total o Distribution/consistent hashing – virtually linear scalability o Transaction support enhancement - XAResource o Data eviction redesign o JSR-107 compliant o Benchmark to come! (CacheBenchmarkFramework) 11
  • 12. Infinispan - data persistence Professional Open Source o Useful for o‘warm’ starts oSurvive server restarts oSwap data to disk to avoid OOM o Several ‘CacheStore’ implementations oJDBC oFile system oAmazon S3 (http://code.google.com/p/jclouds) oJDBM 12
  • 13. Infinispan – datagrid platform Professional Open Source o Data grid oUniform sea of memory oSpread over several servers o Solution to database limitations oPhysical limitations oDB does not scale o “memory is the new disk, disk is the new tape” - Tim Bray 13
  • 14. Infinispan – async API Professional Open Source o New API in Infinispan, major feature for 4.0 o Hybrid between sync and async calls 14
  • 15. New cool things to come! Professional Open Source omemcached server/clients, able to use from Python, Ruby, C++, C# oQuery API - do remote searches oMap/Reduce - pass the cache a Callable and have it execute wherever the data exists oJPA-style API. Easy migration from using a database to using the grid! oCheck it out here! http://www.jboss.org/infinispan 15