Growth Crossings: Trade Flows 2020 Infographic-Chinese
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两个或更多国家之间不会自动展开贸易,而必须开放贸易。所幸,当今世界绝大多数重要经济体的贸易均比过去十年更开放。 但是,若干歧视外商利益的国家支持政策,如本地化要求、关税和出口税等,自 2008 年以来与日俱增,且超过了提高贸易透明度的措施。 更多详情： http://growthcrossings.economist.com/
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Growth Crossings: Trade Flows 2020 Infographic-Chinese
- 1. 来源 Evenett, Simon (2014)；《全球贸易混乱：第 16 次全球贸易警告》(The Global Trade Disorder: the 16th Global Trade Alert)，CEPR Press，伦敦。联合国贸易暨发展会议 (UNCTAD)。 国际商会 (International Chamber of Commerce)。 经济学人智库 (Economist Intelligence Unit/EIU) 信息图 两个或更多国家之间不会自动展开贸易，而必须开放贸易。所幸，当今世界绝大多数重要经济 体的贸易均比过去十年更开放。 但是，若干歧视外商利益的国家支持政策，如本地化要求、关税和出口税等，自 2008 年以来 与日俱增，且超过了提高贸易透明度的措施。 注 此信息图中的国家代表了 20 个主要经济体的集合。 赞助方： 贸易保护主义根深蒂固 保护主义政策 最严重的 10 个国家 受保护主义歧视 最严重的 10 个国家 2008 - 2014 年间，多项歧视外国公司的措施。 自 2008 年以来在实施保护主义政策的国家中，发展中国家经济体占据了前五名。除中国以外，发达经济体首当 其冲地成为这些政策冲击的对象。 1俄罗斯 307 2阿根廷 216 3印度 215 4巴西 106 5印度尼西亚 87 6德国 75 7美国 73 8日本 66 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9中国 中国 美国 德国 法国 英国 意大利 日本 韩国 印度63 994 排名国家 措施 排名 国家措施 982 853 764 747 742 657 651 583 10 10意大利/英国 加拿大61 540 −8% 贸易不太开放 贸易更为开放 −7% −6% −5% −4% −3% −2% −1% 0% +1% +2% +3% +4% +5% +6% +7% +8% 贸易开放程度：略有改善 2005 - 2014 这 10 年期间，贸易总额占 GDP 比重的差异。 用贸易总额占 GDP 的比值代表贸易开放程度，那么在过去十年中，日本和土耳其变得更为开放，而中国和沙特阿 拉伯却变得裹足不前。 中国 英国 澳大利亚 加拿大 法国 德国 印度 印度尼西亚 沙特阿拉伯 巴西 美国 南非 韩国 土耳其 日本 墨西哥 阿根廷 意大利 全球贸易： 通道开放？ 赞助方：渣打银行 /EIU 经 济 学 人 智 库