This document discusses mining in the Philippines, including its history and current state. It notes that mining dates back to the 16th century and provides a significant economic contribution today. However, it also causes environmental degradation and issues with safety, processing, and community health/conditions. There are also policy issues around overlapping mining claims, revenue sharing, and outdated small-scale mining laws. The document focuses on small-scale mining by the Monte de Oro Small Scale Miners' Association, outlining their vision, mission, goals and objectives which center around responsible mining and improving livelihoods.

1. We all believe in the integrity of creation
and convinced that there is….
ONLY ONE EARTH
Which God commanded MAN to have dominion, shared
the bounty and responsibility as HIS Rightful Steward.

2. BUT...WHAT IN
THE HELL DID
MAN DO TO HIS
ONLY HOME???

4. Porphyry Cu belts
Philippines
Porphyry Cu belts
Mining Philippines 2005 Slide 4

5. THE MINING INDUSTRY :
BRIEF OVERVIEW
 PHILIPPINE MINING DATES BACK TO 16TH CENTURY
 RICH DIVERSITY IN BOTH METALLIC AND NON-METALLIC
MINERAL RESOURCES
 SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
OF THE COUNTRY & SKILL TRAINING OF WORKFORCE
 INDUSTRY SUBJECT TO GROWING SOCIAL NEEDS AND
DEMANDS, COUPLED WITH GREATER AWARENESS AND
ACTIVISM
 FAST EVOLVING REGULATORY REGIMES –PHIL. MINING
ACT OF 1995 (RA No. 7942) AND THE PEOPLE’S SMALL-
SCALE MINING ACT OF 1991.
 ONGOING REVITALIZATION OF THE MINERALS INDUSTRY
WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

6. ONSHORE MINERAL
RESOURCES
Mineral Land Distribution
(In Hectares)
1.4%
30.0%
Total Land Area of the
Philippines
68.6%
Geologically
Prospective Areas for
Metallic Minerals
Total Land Area
Covered by Approved
Mining Tenements
 Only 1.4% are covered by
mining permits
 9 million hectares more of
potential sites for metallic
minerals

7. OPERATING MINES
2 Big mines:
Victoria Gold Mine
Padcal Copper Mine
3 Medium-scale chromite mines
Masinloc Project of Benguet Corp.,
Omasdang Project of Crau Minerals
Homonhon Project of Heritage Res.
4 Medium-scale nickel mines
Rio Tuba Nickel Mine
Cagdianao Nickel Mine
Taganito Nickel Mine
Sigbanog Project of HMC
5 medium-scale gold mines
Canatuan Project of TVI
Acupan SSM Operations of Benguet
Diwalwal Direct State Development
Project of NRDC
Banahaw Gold Project of Philsaga
Mining Corp.
Johson Gold Mining Corp. in Panganiban
15 Cement plants and2005 Slide 7
Mining Philippines quarries

8. 1 Potential areas and deposits:
2 1.Luzon Central Cordillera – Au,
4 2.Northern Sierra Madre – Cr, Ni,
3
5 3.Zambales – Cr, Ni, Co, Pt, Cu, Au
4.Vizcaya-Aurora – Cu, Au
5.Bicol – Au, Fe, Cu
6
6.Southern Tagalog – Cu, Au, Ni,
7
8 7.Central Visayas – Cu, Au, Mn
8.Samar-Eastern Mindanao – Au,
9 9.North Central Mindanao – Cr, Cu,
12
10
10.Zamboanga Peninsula – Au, Cu,
11.Southern Mindanao – Cu, Au
12.Palawan – Cr, Ni, Co, Pt, Au,
11 Mining Philippines 2005 Slide 8

9. MAJOR DISCOVERIES
FAR SOUTHEAST porphyry
copper - gold deposit
RESERVE: 163 million tons
with 0.81% copper and 1.76
grams per ton gold; 1.8 Cu eq.
BOYONGAN porphyry
copper - gold deposit
RESOURCE: 300 million tons
with 0.6% copper and 1 gram
per ton gold.
TAMPAKAN porphyry
copper - gold deposit
RESOURCE: 700 million tons
with 0.81% copper and 0.32
gram per ton gold

10. PIPELINE PROJECTS
DIDIPIO porphyry copper -
gold deposit (20.4 MMt, 0.65%
Cu, 1.7 g/t Au)
RAPU-RAPU polymetallic
deposit (7 MMt, 2.61g/t Au, 14
g/t Ag, 1.24% Cu, 2.06% Zn)
AROROY gold deposit (71.3
MMt, 1.34 g/t Au)
PALAWAN HPP Project (11.5
MMt, 2.3% Ni)
CANATUAN gold project
(954,763 Mt, 3.81 g/t Au; 1.4
MMt, 2.6% Cu, 1.61% Zn, 1.07
g/t Au, 63.3 g/t Au)
DIWALWAL gold deposit (>6
MMt, 0.8 g/t Au)

11. OTHER PROJECTS
COPPER
BATONG-BUHAY porphyry
copper-gold project (85.9 MMt,
0.6% Cu, 0.25 g/t Au, 2.7 g/t Ag)
SAN ANTONIO porphyry copper
project (178.3 MMt, 0.44% Cu,
0.09 g/t Au, 1.19 g/t Ag)
ATLAS porphyry copper
project (872 MMt, 0.41% Cu)
AMACAN porphyry copper- gold
project (110 MMt,0.3% Cu, 0.43g/t
Au; 133 MMt, 1.5-10 g/t Au)
KINGKING porphyry copper-
gold project (353.5 MMt, 0.39%
Mining Philippines 2005 Slide 11
Cu, 0.44 g/t Au

12. OTHER PROJECTS
GOLD
TERESA gold project (7.3 MMt,
5.29 g/t Au)
SIANA gold project (18.8 MMt,
1.9 g/t Au)
DIWALWAL gold project (9.7
MMt, 7.0 g/t Au)

13. OTHER PROJECTS
NICKEL
MINDORO nickel project (>200
MMt, 0.94% Ni)
NONOC nickel project (60 MMt,
1.13% Ni, 0.094% Co, 33.31% Fe)
ADLAY project (18 MMt, 1.6%
Ni, 0.1% Co)

14. Other Mineral Exploration
1) Projects
Cordillera Au (Anglo-American) - Benguet
2) Surigao Cu (Climax) – Surigao del Norte
3) Siana Au (Red 5) – Surigao del Norte
4) Labo Au and Leyte Au (Indophil) –
Camarines Norte & Southern Leyte
5) Nueva Vizcaya Au, Southern Leyte Au,
Surigao Au (Oxiana)
6) Del Gallego Au (Phelps Dodge) –
Camarines Norte
7) Pujada Ni (QNI/BHP-Billiton) – Davao
Oriental)
8) New Bataan Au (Sur American) –
Compostela Valley
9) Bayug Au (ZMC) – Zamboanga del Sur
10) Pan de Azucar Au and Lobo Cu-Au
(MRL) – Iloilo & Batangas
11) Zambales Platinum (Kinloch Res.) -
Zambales
12) Mabuhay Au (Pelican) – Surigao
del Norte
13) Libona Au (Great Horizon) - Bukidnon
Mining Philippines 2005 – Negros
14) Pamplona Sulfur (Crew Dev) Slide 14
Oriental

15. OFFSHORE RESOURCES
Magnetite
 Philippines offshore area
including EEZ 2.2 million Km2
Gold
Chromite  Potential offshore mineral
resources:
Magnetite
• Placer minerals including gold,
Manganese chromite, magnetite, silica
Chromite
• Offshore Palawan also holds
resources of manganese
Magnetite • Aggregate resources (sand &
gravel)
• Decorative stones, manganese
nodules/encrustrations with
Gold associated copper, gold, zinc,
cobalt
Chromite
• Polymetallic sulphide deposits
containing gold, copper, cobalt,
etc.
Chromite

17. Minerals in Mindanao
Metallic Reserves: 3.6 million
tons
Gold ore deposits : 48.85% of
country’s total
Nickel stocks : 63.1% of
country’s total
Non-metallic reserves: 8.6 billion
tons
Coal deposits : 37.5 million

18. Mananwa
MISAMIS ORIENTAL Banwaon
Higaonon Agusan Manobo
MISAMIS
CARAGA REGION
OCCIDENTAL
LANAO NORTE
ZAMBO NORTE
Talaandig Umayamnon Manobo
BUKIDNON
Subanon
Atta Raja Kabungs
ZAMBO SUR Bukidnon Monobo
LANAO SUR
ZAMBO SIBUGAY DAVAO
Dibabawon
Manguangan COMPOSTELA
VALLEY
Cotabato City
N. COTABATO Matigsalog Mandaya
Manuvu
Tiruray Bagobo DAVAO OR.
ZAMBOANGA CITY
DAVAO CITY
MAGUINDANAO
Mansaka
Lambangian Kalagan
Tagakaolo
S. KUDARAT T’boli
BASILAN DAVAO SUR
S. COTABATO
Ata Manobo
Cotabato Manobo B’laan
Ubo
SARANGANI
Saranggani Manobo Taga Kaylo Clagan
MINDANAO Etno-linguistic distribution

21. ZAMBO. MINERAL CORP. (ZMC)-MPSA AREA 4,799ha. – approved Nov.
20, 1997-exploration / SSM only 20ha. –occupied since 1987 to present

22. • The 1987 Philippines Constitution explicitly
recognizes the existences of small scale
miners and their entitlement to the utilization
of natural resources. Thus, the third
paragraph of sec. 2 of Article XII of the 1987
constitution provides that “Congress may,
by law, allow small scale utilization of
natural resources by Filipino citizens…”
Thus, on June 27, 1991, Congress enacted
R.A 7076, otherwise known as the “People’s
Small-scale Mining Act of 1991”.

23. BALABAG HILL, DEPORE, BAYOG, ZAMBOANGA
DEL SUR…MOSSMA’S FRONTIER FOR PEOPLE’S
SMALL SCALE MINING VENTURES.

24. MAP OF BALABAG HILL

25. SMALL SCALE MINERS ESTABLISHMENTS AND HOUSES & ITS ACTIVITIES

26. TUNNEL & UNDERGOUND WORKERS
RODMILLING – BASIC
OPERATION OF SMALL MINERS
IN GRINDING ORES THAT
CONTAINS GOLD
rodmill-ballmill.3gp
crushing ore for rodmill.3gp
crushingorequartz containing gold.3gp

27. ISSUES AND CONCERNS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY:
I. Collateral damage of uncontrolled mining activities
resulting to Environmental Degradation & Deterioration
Destruction of settlements
Landslides
Siltation of rivers & waterways

28. ISSUES AND CONCERNS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY:
II. Below standard safety mining operations

29. ISSUES AND CONCERNS
II. Below standard crude
processing procedures

30. ISSUES AND CONCERNS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY
III. UNHEALTHY & UNSANITARY CONDITIONS IN MINING AREAS

31. IV. POLICY ISSUES AND CONCERNS
• OVERLAPPING OF MINING RIGHTS/CLAIMS BETWEEN LARGE
SCALE & SMALL SCALE APPLICATIONS
• UNDEFINED NATURAL BOUNDARIES BETWEEN LGUs THAT
RESULTS TO CONFLICT ON MINERAL EXTRACTION REVENUES
• SHARE OF MINING TAXES PAID DIRECTLY TO NATIONAL
TREASURY ARE NOT REMITTED TO THE LGUs
• LOW REVENUE GENERATION OF LGUs vis-à-vis
PROLIFERATION
OF SS MINING IN THE PROVINCE
• VOLUMINOUS & CIRCUITOUS PERMITTING PROCEDURES
ON SSM and LARGE SCALE MINING APPLICATION
PARTICULARLY
ON SECURING FREE AND PRIOR INFORMED CONCENT (FPIC)
• LESS INVESTMENT ON VALUE ADDING OF MINERAL
FROM NCIP
RESOURCES
• OUTDATED SMALL SCALE MINING LAW (RA 7076) TO CURRENT
SITUATIONS IN THE SMALL SCALE MINING AREAS

33. The assembly of the members of Monte de Oro Small Scale Miners’
Association (MOSSMA) held at Tinago area at Sitio Balabag, Depore, Bayog

34. Monte de Oro
Small Scale Miner’s Association, Inc.
(MOSSMA)
SEC REG. NO. G199700247
Peoples’ Mine…Peoples’ business

35. MOSSMA being a peoples’ mine
adheres… to the
NEW PARADIGM ON MINING
MOSSM Government
A works “ public action for public
good”
with the
Three
Societal
The Common
Domains Good/
The Common
Ground
Civil Society Business Sector
35 “private action for public “private action for private
good” good ”

36. Challenges for MOSSMA
…
The ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES is not
only a PART of the ECONOMY;
local ECONOMY depends on the ENVIRONMENT;
Given the reality in the ground, MOSSMA IS HOLDING ON TO
ITS GUIDING PRINCIPLE IN PURSUING ITS DEVELOPMENT
AGENDA with the participation of the LOCAL
STAKEHOLDERS
MOSSMA defines its organizational VALUES and
its ECONOMIC goals and objectives in order to chart out the
ENVISIONED FUTURE?
Formulate organizational
Vision, Mission, Goals &

37. MOSSMA’s Vission
“establish a progressive small scale mining
industry with community support and strong
network with local government units,
development agencies and Non-Government
organizations.
Aspire to become active promoter and
advocate of “good practices” and better
conceived approaches for meeting the
poverty challenge and help build
sustainable communities and sustainable
local economies”.
37

38. MOSSMA’s Mission
MOSSMA IS A PEOPLES’ MINE AND
THE PEOPLES’ BUSINESS committed
to improve the quality of life of the
people through collective conduct of
responsible mining activities, by
following statutory laws & policies,
guidelines and regulations with the
technical support and assistance
from concerned agencies and offices
both local and national.

39. Goals
1. To establish a legitimate peoples’ mineral
industry following the standard set by laws
and other environmental and natural resources
guidelines.
2. To contribute to the improvement of the local
economy and the economic well-being of the
people, thereby improving their living
condition in their respective community.
3. To attain organizational development and
cohesiveness in order to perform a pro-active
role of developing the capacity and capability
of the organization for an effective and
efficient services to its members.

40. Objectives
1. Advocate for environmental protection and conservation, matters concerning
responsible mining, through conduct of environmental awareness
seminars/fora/or other forms of information drives that will help educate the
officers & members as well as the community in general.
2. Establish set of rules and guidelines in the judicious utilization of natural
resources following statutory laws and other ENR standards, issuances and
guidelines
3. Coordinate and collaborate with appropriate offices, agencies both local and
national for a better workplace and harmonious conduct of mine development.
4. To be able to establish a workable mechanisms and set doable targets that can
generate and realized individual income that will help improve the lives of the
people working in the mine.
5. Helps in the establishment of mining industry value chains that will contribute to
the improvement of local economy through a corporate social responsibility.
6. Assist in the collection of taxes, regulatory fees and charges and other endeavors
in collaboration with local government, that help propel local economy.
7. To formulate organizational policies, rules and regulations that will guide the
members and the officers of the organization to be more active, cohesive and
responsible.
8. To establish a workable structures and workable working relationships
9. To come up with organizational sustainability plans based on the agreed program
and services.

41. MOSSMA spearhead tree planting activities at Balabag as part of its
commitment to protect the environment the SB of the LGU of Bayog enjoin

42. MOSSMA STRONGLY SUPPORTS SMALL
SCALE MINING LAW & ITS IMPLEMENTING
GUIDELINES…
 Presidential Decree No. 1899 – Establishing Small-Scale Mining
as a New Dimension in Mineral Development
 Republic Act No. 7076 – An Act Creating a People’s Small Scale
Mining Program and for Other Purposes
 Small Scale Mining Permit granted to individuals (PD No.
1899)
 Small Scale Mining Contracts granted to cooperatives (RA
No. 7076)
 Issued by the Governor or City Mayor upon recommendation
by the Provincial/City Mining Regulatory Board
 Annual production not to exceed 50,000 DMT ore
 Capitalization not to exceed PhP 10 Million
 Labor intensive/no use of sophisticated equipment
 Covers all commodities
 Maximum area of 20 hectares and term of 2 years renewable
42
for another 2 years

43. MOSSMA also recognizes and adheres…
OTHER LAWS AFFECTING MINING
• Indigenous Peoples Rights Act
• Local Government Code
• National Integrated Protected
Areas System Act
• Environmental Laws
43

44. MOSSMA… ABIDES
THAT IN MINING
THERE ARE ACTIVITIES
TO BE DONE TO ADDRESS
ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL
CONCERNS
44

46. MOSSMA is committed to abide to the GUIDING PRINCIPLES UNDER E.O. NO. 270
Environmental
• Protection of the environment
• Ensuring ecological integrity of affected areas
• Remediation/rehabilitation of abandoned
mines
• Adoption of multiple land use principle
Social
• Equitable sharing of economic and social
benefits
• Sustained information campaign and
respect for the rights of indigenous peoples
and communities
• Meaningful stakeholders consultation
Economic
• Critical role of investments;
• Clear, stable and predictable investment and
regulatory policies
• Support to small scale mining
46 • Value adding on minerals
• Efficient use of technologies

47. Social Responsibilities – Development/Prod. Stage
Assistance to...
Education…
Health…
Employment of Local Residents
Majority of the construction/mining
workforce are local workers. . . Peace and Order…
47

48. STRUGGLE FOR PEOPLE’S SMALL SCALE MINING

49. Call for Genuine Intervention
on the Bayog Mining Conflict
“Anappeal presented to all (individuals/groups) who
have a sense of accountability, commitment and
responsibility for better and responsive society that
promotes justice, equity and peace.”
FORBIDDEN. TVI Resources Development (Phils), Inc., an affiliate of
the publicly listed Canadian mining firm, TVI Pacific, has been barring
entry not only of "illegal chemicals" and "illegal explosives" into the
minesite at Sitio Balabag, Barangay Depore, in Bayog, Zamboanga del
Sur, but since April 5, also diesel fuel and other mining-related
materials, claiming it has the right to do so as holder of a mining permit
from government. Small-scale miners, however, maintain they have prior
rights. MindaNews photo by Froilan Gallardo.

50. Small scale miners documents say that, “the
tranquility of the Mt. Balabag area that had been
the refuge and lifeblood of the indigenous people
since time immemorial, and which they shared and
jointly exploited the natures bounty for the past two
decades with the small scale gold miners composed
mostly of the marginalized people coming from
several provinces in Zamboanga peninsula, had
been abruptly disrupted upon the entry of TVI,
notorious for its recent conquest of the hapless IPs
and small scale miners in their economically
productive but blood-drenched Canatuan, Siocon,
ZN copper-gold mine, canatuan tvi mine.jpg aided by
ex-military men.”

51. Photos from the TVI
mining site, Siocon,
Zamboanga del Norte

54. TVIRD CANATUAN MINE
EFFECT 1:
THE SUBANEN PEOPLE
AND ITS COUNCIL OF
ELDERS WERE
POLARIZED AND
DIVIDED. THEIR SACRED
LAND EXPLOITED
EFFECT 2:
THE SMALL SCALE MINERS
WHO WERE ORIGINALLY
OCCUPYING AND MINING THE
AREA WERE EJECTED,
EVICTED AND BURIED IN
DUSTBIN OF HISTORY

57. MILITARIZATION @ Balabag , DEPLOYMENT OF SCAAs & BLUEGUARDS
by TVIRD AIM TO HARASS SMALL MINERS

59. PHOTO DOCUMENTATION AT BALABAG, DEPORE, BAYOG, ZDS A STARK PRESENTATION ON HOW A
DEVIOUS MULTINATIONAL MINING CORPORATION BRUTALIZED OUR COUNTRY’S NATIVE MINERS: A CASE STUDY OF THE STRUGGLE OF THE WEAK PREYS AGAINST
A MIGHTY PREDATOR
The Balabag Hill, Barangay Depore, Bayog, Zamboanga del Sur as seen at the background from the checkpoint of inter-agency
task group. Left is the present settlement of small scale miners & subanen residents at balabag hill.
Shanties of the subanen families who seek shelter at the forest after their 4 small houses were burned by TVI demolition team
on Nov. 31, 2011. The victims were the following; 1.) Sabilo Ansayao 23, married to Carmela Condol with 3 children, 1 child
died (the youngest 2-mo. old) at the forest where they evacuated. The child died of illness because they were soaked in the rain
after their house was burned on Nov, 30, 2011 and they seek refuge in one of the canopy of big trees while making temporary
shelters made out of the barked of the trees and some mis-cut woods. 2.) Magno Ansayao, 25, elder brother of Sabilo,
3.)Wilson Oyowan, cousin of Sabilo, who evacuated back to Nasibac, Leon Postigo, ZDN; 4.) Pantalan Oyawan, father of Wilson,
The Oyowan already evacuated to Nasibac, Leon Postigo, Zamboanga del Norte; Witnesses to the burning of the 4 houses were;
1. Tony Ansayao- brother of Sabilo, 2. Tony Tumutong-cousin of Sabilo, 3. Dino Alasa-resident of San Pedro, 4. Dondinoy
Candol. Source of Information-Sabilo Ansayao and his wife Carmela. Photo below is the location of the houses burned and the
fact finding done by CSO-NUJP. N.B.-The incidents were just discovered after the intensive demolition of TVI during the month
of December2011

60. The expression of uncertainties can be gleaned in faces of innocent Subanen victims of TVIRD
scheming aggression as they were assisted by CSO rep. Mr. Jun Enriquez together with some
members of the local media

62. Mining exploration and
militarization
• 1996 to 2006 (period of mining
explorations in the island)
– 21 military operations in a quadriboundary
in Zamboanga peninsula
– 61 cases of human rights violations
– 10,503 victims
– 3,181 families
– 33 communities

63. • Video links
• MOV03D.MOD,M
• OV03C.MOD

64. TVIRD says…
”this mine is yours”
But we vehemently object…
never mine the PENINSULA
its ours and for our children’s
children.

65. MOSSMA…supports
Peoples’ mine, Peoples’ business
“The local business of responsible
mining… is the business of building
sustainable communities.”
THANK YOU !