1. Outlining a Two-Paragraph Passage
I. Learning Objectives
• Outline a two-paragraph passage
• Write outline correctly
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic: Text: Whales
Skill: Outlining a Two-paragraph Passage
B. References: PELC III 5.3
Developing Reading Power 5
Skillbuilder in English V
C. Materials: pictures and charts with written sets of
passages/exercises
III. Procedure
A. Preparatory Activities
Review (Conduct a naming game)
Divide the class into three groups. Give each group a sheet of
paper with a heading written on top. Pupils write as many sub-
headings as they can. The group with the most number of correct
answers wins the game.
• Land Vehicles
• Water Vehicles
• Air Vehicles
Motivation
• What is your favorite animal? Why?
• What is the biggest animal in the world?
Motive Question
• What is the largest animal that ever lived?
Value Focus: Kindness to animals

2. Unlocking of Difficulties
Completing the Word Pyramid
Directions: Fill the pyramid with letters to form a word that matches
the given meaning below. Copy this word on the blank after the
number. Use the words in the box below.
1. __________ - to make a low prolonged sound of pain (moan)
2. __________ - the sound made by such a blow (thump)
3. __________ - a sharp high-pitched cry (squeak)
4. __________ - excessive fat on the body (blubber)
5. __________ - any large black whale (porpoise)
B. Developmental Activities
Presentation of the Story
The teacher may ask one pupil to read the story orally for the class
while the others listen.
___ ___ ___ ___
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
click, squeak, thump, moan, blubber, dolphins, porpoise, whistles
Whales
The biggest animal in the world is the whale. The blue whale is the
largest animal that ever lived. It is even bigger than the great dinosaurs of
long ago. Whales are close cousins of dolphins and porpoises. But these
animals do not come as big as the whales.
Whales spend their entire lives in water, usually in the ocean. Because
they live in cold water, they have a thick layer of fat under their skin. This fat
which is called blubber, protects the animal from the cold. Though whales live
in water, they are not fish. Whales are mammals. They have lungs through
which they breathe. A whale comes to the surface to breathe. It blows the old
air from its lungs out of a hole on the top of its head. Whales are warm
blooded. Even if the temperature outside is very cold or hot, their body
temperature remains steady. Whales have hair all over their bodies though
not much. Mother whales feed their babies with milk from their own.
Whales are very sociable animals. They talk with others by making
different sounds. They make clicks, whistles, squeaks, thumps and even low
moans. Because sound waves travel well in water, the songs of whales can be
heard more than a hundred miles away.

3. Discussion and Analysis
1. Answering the Motive Question: What is the largest animal that
ever lived? (The blue whale is the largest animal that ever lived.)
2. Comprehension Questions
a. What is the story about?
b. Where do whales spend their entire lives?
c. Why can whales live in cold water?
d. Why do whales come to the surface of the water?
e. How do mother whales feed their babies?
Value Integration
• Supposed you find whales on the shores, how would you treat
them?
• If given a chance to watch a dolphin show, how would you treat
them?
Skill Development
a. Group yourselves into three. All groups will do the same
activity.
Group Activity
Answer the following to form an outline like this.
I.
A. What is the biggest animal that ever lived?
1. What are the close cousins of whales?
2.
II. Where do whales live?
A. What kind of water do they live?
B. What kind of animals are they?
1.
2. What are the characteristics of whales?
3.
4.
III.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Why are they called sociable animals?
1. What are the things whales can make?
2.

4. In the outline you’ve made, what is used before the main idea
or main topic in each paragraph? (Roman numerals)
What are used before the supporting ideas or sub-topics?
(Capital letters)
Possible Answers:
I. Biggest Animal in the World
A. Blue Whale
1. Dolphins
2. Porpoises
II. In the Ocean
A. A Cold Water
B. Mammals
1. Breathe on the surface
2. Warm blooded
3. Have fair all over bodies
4. Feed babies with milk
III.Sociable Animals
A. Talk by making sounds
1. Clicks and whistle
2. Squeaks and moans
Generalization
• What did we do with the important events in the story? What did
we consider in outlining?
• When do we use Roman Numerals? (Use Roman Numerals beside
the main idea in the order that they occur.)
• When do we use capital letters? (Use the capital letters beside the
supporting details.)

5. C. Post Activities
Application
a. Directions: Read the paragraphs. Make an outline by answering
the questions. Complete the given format below.
Plants
Plants are important to all people and animals. Without them,
we would have nothing to eat. Farmers raise crops by spraying
fertilizers. Most farmers now put chemicals on the plants they
grow. They use fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides on the plants
grown commercially.
Fertilizers are chemicals that provide the nutrients that plants
need to make their own food. Pesticides are chemicals that repel or
kill insects that harm the plants. Herbicides are chemicals that kill
the weeds that grow with the plants.
I. What is the first paragraph about?
A. How do the farmers now raise their crops?
B. What do they put on the plants?
1.
2. What chemical do they use?
3.
II. What is the second paragraph about?
A. What effects do the chemicals have on plants?
B.
Answer:
I. Importance of Plants
A. Spraying fertilizers
B. Put chemicals
1. Fertilizers
2. Pesticides
3. Herbicides
II. Chemicals Used
A. Harm the plants
B. Kills the weeds

6. b. Directions: Read the following paragraph. Make an outline by
answering the given questions.
• What is the main topic in the first paragraph?
• What are the sub-topics?
• What is the main topic in the second paragraph?
• What are the sub-topics?
Try to complete the format below.
I. Main Topic: __________________
Sub-topics:
A. _____________________
B. _____________________
C. _____________________
II. Main Topic: __________________
Sub-topics:
A. _____________________
B. _____________________
C. _____________________
Enrichment Activities
a. Read the paragraphs then make an outline.
Nilo, my friend went to the province with his parents last
week. They visited his grandmother. He went around the farm
with his grandmother. She showed him the duck and chicken
poultry. He observed and played with them.
He continued to go around and came to a vegetable garden.
He admired the big squash, patola and ampalaya. He picked
some and grandmother cooked these for lunch. Nilo enjoyed his
stay on the farm.
Plants are vital in our lives. Man and other form of animals
can’t live without plants. The food we eat, the medicine that
we take, the books, and pencils we use in school come from
plants. They also give oxygen that we need in order to
breathe.
People eat a large number of plants every day. Most
animals, like us, depend on plants for their foods, too.
Fortunately, the earth doesn’t run out of plants because plants
are able to reproduce.

7. I. __________________________
A. _______________________
B. _______________________
C. _______________________
II. __________________________
A. _______________________
B. _______________________
C. _______________________
Answer:
I. Went to the province
A. Visited grandmother
B. Walked around the farm
C. Showed the animals
II. Came to a vegetable garden
A. Admired the vegetables
B. Picked some vegetables
C. Cooked for lunch
b. Read the paragraphs and make an outline.
I. What is the main topic in paragraph 1?
A.
B. What are the sub-topics found in paragraph 1?
C.
D.
Honeybees live together in colonies made up of hives that
have many chambers and cells. Each colony has three types of
honeybee: the queen bee, the worker bees and drones. The
queen lays eggs. Worker bees are females that do not lay
eggs. They build and repair the hives, gather food and defend
the hive. Drones are male bees whose job is to mate with the
queen.
Termites live in colonies. Each colony consists of a large
nest made up of chambers and cells. Termite colonies are also
of three types. The king and queen make up one type. They
mate together to produce eggs. Worker termites build and
repair the nest and take care of all other termites. Soldier
termites defend the nest.

8. II. What is the main topic in paragraph 2?
A.
B. What are the sub-topics found in paragraph 2?
C.
D.
E.
F
IV. Evaluation
Read the paragraphs. Complete the outline given. The main topics have
been written for you.
The class participated in the Clean and Green Project. The teacher
asked the pupils to keep the surroundings clean and orderly. The
children picked up pieces of paper scattered around the classroom,
corridors and playground. They put all chairs in the classroom in
straight lines. Some swept the floor, dusted the book shelves, tables
cabinets and the chalkboard.
After class, the pupils tended the school garden. Some made plots
for vegetables. Some planted seeds in pots and cans. Others watered
the plants.
The Busy Children
I. Participating in the Clean and Green
Project
A. Keeping the surroundings clean and orderly
1. __________
2. __________
3. __________
B. Tending the school garden
1. __________
2. __________
3. Watering the plants.

9. Answer:
I.
A.
1. Picking up pieces of paper
2. Arranging chairs in order
3. Sweeping the floor
B.
1. Making plots
2. Planting seeds in pots and cans
V. Assignment
Cut a news item from a newspaper. Paste the clippings on a bond paper.
Make an outline of the news on a sheet of paper.

10. Answer:
I.
A.
1. Picking up pieces of paper
2. Arranging chairs in order
3. Sweeping the floor
B.
1. Making plots
2. Planting seeds in pots and cans
V. Assignment
Cut a news item from a newspaper. Paste the clippings on a bond paper.
Make an outline of the news on a sheet of paper.