This presentation provides detailed information about energy saving opportunties in Hotels in Nepal. The findings are based on a GIZ study conducted in 200 industries in 2012.

1. Gyanendra P. Upadhyay
Local Long Term Expert/ GIZ-Integration
Energy Efficiency
in Hotels

2. Contents
 Sector overview
 Production and Turnover
 Observations
 Energy and Fuels
 Saving Potentials
 Energy Benchmarks for hotel Sector
 Electricity & Fuel cost
 Potential areas of energy savings

3. Sector Highlight
 Hotel basic infrastructure for Tourism Industry
 Tourists increased by 18.21% in 2009/10 compared to
previous year
 Average stay increased to 12.67 days from previous 11.32
 According to HAN, hotel industry grown by 15%
 Economic Survey:
Year
Star Hotel Non-star Hotel Total
Number Beds Number Beds Number Beds
2006 105 9763 502 14497 607 24260
2007 105 9763 512 14897 617 24660
2008 96 9320 573 16743 669 26063
2009 97 9369 647 19124 744 28493
2010 103 9125 686 20817 789 30042

4. Production & Turnover
S. No. Particular
Fiscal Year
2009/10
Fiscal Year
2010/11
1 Capacity in room 2,885 3,017
2 Capacity used in room 1,892 2,017
3
Annual Turnover in
Million NPR
6,445 6,854
Energy cost is around 7.54% of the turnover

5. Observations
 Main energy sources are electricity, diesel and
LPG
 All hotels use DGs during load shedding
 Laundry service is installed only in big hotels
 Lights mostly switched to CFL
 High cost of electrical energy from DG
 Performance of equipment not checked
 Energy audit not carried out

6. Saving Potentials
Saving potentials from ESPS audits,
= 45.24% of electrical + 16.18% of thermal
energy
The electrical saving potential will be
= 0.4524*34946835 kWh
= 15,810 MWh
The thermal energy saving potential will be
= 0.1618*91504653 MJ
= 14,805.453 GJ

7. Energy and fuel
S.
No.
Particular Total
Quantity
Quantity per
Room
1 Electrical Energy in kWh 34,946,835 17,326.00
Purchased Electricity 24,540,840 12,167
DG sets 10,405,995 5,159
2 Thermal Energy in MJ 91,504,653 45,366.71
Firewood 6,387,500 3,166.83
Coal 2,240,147 1,110.63
Kerosene 2,116,940 1,049.55
Diesel for boiler 53,732,637 26,639.88
LPG 27,027,429 13,399.82
4 Total DG set capacity in KVA 15,496
Diesel consumption in liter 2,163,333 1,072.55
5 Energy Cost NPR 517,009,260 256,325.86

8. Energy Benchmarks for Hotels
 It is complex for Hotels. Niki Hendrikx, 2008, gives the
following energy benchmarks for the hotel sector:
Hotel Type Fuel (kWh/m2*yr) Elect (kWh/m2*yr)
Mean Max Min Mean Max Min
Small & medium without
complete A/C
238 286 196 77 80 71
Large with A/C and
more equipment
266 350 220 143 182 100
Source: http://www.scribd.com/doc/9647604/Energy-Efficiency-in-Hotels 11 Dec
2011

9. NEA TARIFF RATES
Consumer
Category &
Supply
Level
Monthly
Demand
Charge
(Rs./kVA )
Energy Charge (Rs./unit)
Peak Time Off -Peak Normal
18:00-23:00 23:00-6:00 6:00 - 18:00
High Voltage (66 kV and Above)
Industrial 175.00 Rs. 5.20 3.15 4.55
Medium Voltage (33 kV)
Industrial 190.00 6.55 4.00 5.75
Medium Voltage (11 kV)
Industrial 190.00 6.70 4.10 5.85

10. Fuel cost
Diesel cost – Rs.93/liter
FO- Rs.55/liter
Coal – Rs. 22000/ton

11. Areas of Potential Savings
 Improvement in lighting system and use of daylight.
 Improvement in air conditioning
 Improvement in refrigeration and deep freezers
 Power factor and Load management
 Improvement in combustion efficiency in boilers and hot
water generators
 Insulation of the hot water supply pipes
 Conversion of waste to energy (Methane from bio-
decomposable waste)

12. Thank you