This document discusses principles of multimedia and contiguity in presentations. It provides guidelines for using different types of graphics that support text in multimedia, including representational, organizational, and interpretive graphics. It also discusses placing text and audio near corresponding graphics to integrate them effectively based on research showing this improves learning. Assessments are included to test understanding of these principles.

1. Multimedia & Contiguity Principles By Mark T. Ellis EdTech 513 Boise State University

6. Representational Graphics These are graphics that illustrate the appearance of an object. In this case, a screen capture is being used to help explain a procedure in a computer application.

7. Organizational Graphics These are visuals that show relationships among the content of a subject. This is a diagram that illustrates the social structure of a bee colony.

8. Relational Graphics These are graphics and visuals that summarize quantitative relationships. Good examples of this would be a pie chart or a bar graph.

9. Transformational Graphics Graphics of this nature, show changes of something over a period of time or space.

10. Interpretive Visuals Visuals are graphics that make something that is intangible, visual and more solidified. As you can see, this computer network is understood much more easily with a picture that shows how the network is connected.

12. Concepts You should use Interpretive, Representational or Organizational graphics if you are trying to discuss groups of objects or symbols that are represented by a single name. Screen Capture Diagram Transformational

13. Process If you are trying to explain how something works, then you could use Relational, Interpretive or Transformational types of visuals Relational Interpretive Transformational

14. Procedure In this case, you can use a Transformational graphic. Transformational

15. Principle If you are trying show cause and effect or guidelines in the completion of a task, then you can use Interpretive and Transformational graphics. Transformational Interpretive

28. Text & Graphics together! Here is a good example of placing text and graphics together. This allows the mind of the average learner to hold the information and image in the mind more efficiently. The Result: Better understanding and memory recall!

29. Guideline #2 – Synchronize audio spoken words with corresponding graphics. In this case, you do not want to have the graphics or animation on one page and the audio on another.

30. Sounds should be integrated as close to the graphics as possible, preferably on the same page. By placing the sounds on the same page as the visual, the learners are able to retain the information more in their working memory.