The document presents M2Learn, an open source framework for developing mobile and ubiquitous learning applications. It aims to simplify and facilitate the development of context-aware mobile apps connected to e-learning platforms. Key features of M2Learn include sensor management, context awareness, interoperability with external services, and centralization of student data in e-learning platforms through standards like LOM and IMS-QTI. The framework was evaluated through a mobile programming course pilot that demonstrated educational applications for loading learning objects and mobile microblogging.

3. Index Introduction and Motivation State of the Art of Mobile and Ubiquitous Learning Frameworks and Middleware Design of a Framework for the Development of Mobile and Ubiquitous Learning Applications: M2Learn Experimentation Evaluation Experimentation Dissemination Conclusion Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

4. Introduction & Motivation

5. Manytechnologieshavealreadychangededucation (e-learning) Manyothers are currentlyinfluencing (or are willingtoinfluence) Motivation Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

6. Motivation This scenario is leading us towards new digital learning ecosystem where applications must: Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

7. Motivation The development of these new environments is difficult for many researchers because it requires: Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

8. Help developers to overcome these technological barriers and to facilitate the creation of advanced mobile learning projects focused on: Thegoal

9. State of the Art - State of the Art of Mobile and Ubiquitous Learning Frameworks and Middleware -

10. Learning-orientedframeworks Comtext [Zanela, 2009] Implemented features: Communication/Collaboration (Skype & Mindmap) Ad-hoc assessment system Location & Interpreting: GPS, Cell towers & WiFi Reminder No implemented features: Service Discovery Context management & sharing Open source API or mashup opportunity E-learning standards Interoperability with LMS RFID or other sensors Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

11. Learning-orientedframeworks Chen’sframework [Chen, 2007] Implemented features: Context-management No implemented features: Service Discovery Context-sharing Open source API or mashup opportunity E-learning standards Interoperability with LMS Location, RFID or other sensors Communication & Collaboration Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

12. Learning-orientedframeworks AGORA [Arrufat, 2008] Implemented features: Communication & Collaboration (Chat & photo sharing) No implemented features: Service Discovery Location, RFID or other sensors Context management & sharing Open source API or mashup opportunity E-learning standards Interoperability with LMS Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

13. Learning-orientedframeworks Sharing Middleware [Belimpasakis, 2008] Implemented features: Service Discovery Context sharing Learning standards (Dublin Core) Feeds (ATOM) API available No implemented features: Location, RFID or other sensors Context management Open source Interoperability with LMS Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

14. Learning-orientedframeworks Mobile Management System [Liu, 2007] Implemented features: Interoperability with own LMS (chat, faq, bulletin board) No implemented features: Location, RFID or other sensors Context management and sharing Open source API or mashup opportunity E-learning standards Service Discovery Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

15. Learning-orientedframeworks Gang and Zongkai’s Framework [Gang, 2005] Implemented features: Learning standards (LOM) Location Context management No implemented features: RFID or other sensors Context sharing Service Discovery Open source API or mashup opportunity Interoperability with LMS Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

16. Learning-orientedframeworks Tan’s Framework [Tan, 2009] Implemented features: Location: GPS Interoperability with own platform for sharing photos No implemented features: RFID or other sensors Learning standards (LOM) Context management & sharing Open source API or mashup opportunity E-learning standards Service Discovery Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

17. Learning-orientedframeworks Basaaed’s Framework [Basaaed, 2007] Implemented features: Open source E-learning standard Context management No implemented features: Location, RFID or other sensors Context sharing API or mashup opportunity Interoperability with LMS Service Discovery Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

18. LearningOrientedFrameworks

19. Design Platform Service 3 Service 2 Service 1

20. API M2Learn Framework Client-side M2Learn Service Manager Context Manager Context-Hub Wrapper Geographical Database DomainArea Manager Context-Hub Service Channels Calendars, LOMs, QTI, RSS,... Server-side

21. User’sContextCompilation Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

22. Client-side. Context Manager Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

23. ConnectstheContext-HubServicetosendowncontext and getothers’ context Context-HubWrapper & Context-HubService API M2Learn Client-side M2Learn Service Manager Context Manager Context-Hub Wrapper 1) sendContext(context) 2) getContext() Context-Hub Service

24. Context-HubWrapper & Context-HubService Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

25. Client-side. Service Manager Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es - Calendar Wrapper Getseventsfortoday, thisweek, thismonth, all LOM Wrapper IMS-QTI Wrapper RSS Wrapper Contextual ServiceDirectoryWrapper Channel Wrapper

26. Contextual Service Directory API M2Learn Client-side M2Learn Service Manager Context Manager Context-Hub Wrapper Service Directory Manager 4) List of services (XML) 2) getServiceList getId2AreaService getCoord2AreaService getServiceList getServiceListByArea getServiceListByProfile getServiceListByType ContextualService Directory Service Publisher CSD DB 1) publishService 3) Check DB 5) deleteService

27. Access external web servicesfollowingan API List/read/write/reply/delete operations Some of the implemented channels are chats, forums, wikis, blogs, and assignments. ChannelManager API M2Learn Client-side M2Learn Service Manager Context Manager Context-Hub Wrapper Channel Manager Forums Chats Blogs Assignments Channel Service

28. Moodle ForumChannelService API M2Learn Client-side M2Learn Service Manager Channel Manager Moodle 1) readMessage 3) Message (XML) 2) checkDB ForumChannel LMS Moodle DB Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

29. Otherservices/channelsdeveloped Chat Blog AssignmentsSubmission Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

30. Experimentation

31. Experimentation - Evaluation -

32. ComparisonRelatedWork vs M2Learn

33. Features implemented in each framework or middleware Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

34. Experimentation - Experimentation in a Mobile Programming Course -

35. Experimentation in a mobileprogrammingcourse Pilot of a 7 month-long postgraduate distance learning course on mobile programming Participation of 3 students Two experiences were conducted using the M2Learn framework within the course: Mobile and Context-Aware LOM Loader With Communication Features through Moodle Mobile Context-awareMicroblogging through Moodle Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

36. Mobile and Context-Aware LOM Loader With Communication Features

37. Sourcecode Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es - Code for instantiation and configuration of the Mobile LOM Loader M2LearnManager myM2l = newM2LearnManager(Username, userId); ChannelWrapperforo = newChannelWrapper(URL, IdForum); Code for loading the learning object and showing it in the screen URL = myM2L.getServiceManager().getChannelServiceByType("lom-lab"); LOMWrappermiLOM = newLOMWrapper(URL); webBrowser1.Navigate(new Uri(miLOM.ResourceURL); Code for writing comments and sending them to the Moodle Forum foro.writeElement(message);

38. Educativeapplications: Mobile microblogging Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

39. SourceCode Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es - Code to instantiate the required modules for the Mobile Twitter M2LearnManager myM2learn = newM2LearnManager(Username, userId); ContextManager context = myM2learn.getContextManager(); ChannelWrapper twitter = newChannelWrapper(UrlServer,userId); Code to post messages to Mobile Twitter string area = context.getContext().address.fullAddress; twitter.writeElement(name + "@" + area + ": " + message);

40. Satisfactionsurvey Results are in general very good, with a small deviation.

41. Conclusions Stats with 3 students are not valid for solid conclusions but provide a glimpse of the advantages that M2Learn offers to both developers and students: M2Learn accelerates the development of mobile applications by facilitating the development of advanced applications with little effort M2Learn is useful for education because its location API is easier to learn than traditional APIs and because it fosters learning engagement and motivation Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

42. Experimentation - Dissemination -

43. M2Learn Open Development Community http://code.google.com/p/m2learn Manuel Castro - mcastro@ieec.uned.es -

44. Documentation API documentation: Describes each class, method and attribute of the client-side framework. Created in 2 different formats: Web site: This format allows integration in the project web site and supports on-line queries CHM Help file: This format is easier to distribute as all the information is contained in one file. Supportforseveralprogramminglanguages C#, C++, and Vbasic Examples: Examples aid developers in the development process, facilitating the initial steps of learning the system Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

45. Web site-baseddocumentation

46. CHM-baseddocumentation

47. Conclusions

48. Contributions of theThesis Identification of meta-trends in educational technologies Identification of requirements that a framework for mobile and ubiquitous learning must follow Design and implementation of a framework that address such requirements Multiple sensor management Interoperability with external platforms, services, and tools through a distributed service-oriented architecture, including e-learning platforms Centralisation of the student’s e-portfolio in the e-learning platform Support for e-learning standards (LOM and IMS-QTI) Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

49. OtherContributions Evaluation and comparison with other frameworks: No other framework or middleware covers as much features as M2Learn Experimentation in a mobile programming course: Mobile and Context-Aware LOM Loader With Communication Features through Moodle Mobile Context-awareMicroblogging through Moodle Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

50. ProblemsFound Difficulty in following all the advances, technologies, and news in the emerging field of mobile computing Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es - Vs

51. FutureWork Development of the M2Learn client side for other platforms (e.g., Android, iPhone) Implementation of new projects based on M2Learn Growth of the Open Community Development of server-side services for other LMS (e.g., dotLRN, Sakai) Development of tools for educators rather than for developers Security and privacy policies Detection of people’s emotions and intentions through more advanced sensors, supporting more advanced context management Sergio Martín - smartin@ieec.uned.es -

53. Dr. Juan Peire Arroba