Probability describes the likelihood of an event occurring. A coin toss experiment was conducted 30 times to simulate a genetic cross between pea plants with the genotypes Tt x Tt. The results found 20 tosses produced tall plants, 10 short, with 16 heterozygous and 14 homozygous genotypes. This provided evidence that a 50% probability of producing tall plants exists in this monohybrid cross.

2. What is probability?

3. Probability is a
number that describes
how likely it is that an
event will occur.

4. Toss # Heads Tails
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
Heads or Tails? 10
11
Suppose you were to toss a coin 12
20 times. Predict how many times 13
the coin would land with heads up
14
and how many times it would land
with tails up. 15
16
17
18
19
20

5. Toss # Heads Tails
01 x
02 x
03 x
04 x
05 x
06 x
07 x
08 x
09 x
Heads or Tails? 10 x
11 x
Suppose you were to toss a coin 12 x
20 times. Predict how many times 13 x
the coin would land with heads up
14 x
and how many times it would land
with tails up. 15 x
16 x
17 x
18 x
19 x
20 x

6. Call it in the air...

7. 2 possible outcomes:
Call it in the air...
1. Heads

8. 2 possible outcomes:
Call it in the air...
1. Heads
2. Tails

9. 2 possible outcomes:
What are the chances?
1. Heads
2. Tails

10. 2 possible outcomes:
What are the chances?
1. Heads
1 in 2
2. Tails

11. 2 possible outcomes:
What are the chances?
1 1. Heads
1 in 2 =
2
2. Tails

12. 2 possible outcomes:
What are the chances?
1 1. Heads
1 in 2 = = .5
2
2. Tails

13. 2 possible outcomes:
What are the chances?
1 1. Heads
1 in 2 = = .5 x 100%
2
2. Tails

14. 2 possible outcomes:
What are the chances?
1 1. Heads
1 in 2 = = .5 x 100% = 50%
2
2. Tails

15. How does probability
help explain the results
of genetic crosses?

16. Tt Tt
What are the chances that
this heterozygous cross will
produce tall pea plants?
Modify the coin lab to find out...

17. Tt Tt

18. Tt Tt
T t T t

19. Tt Tt
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01
02

20. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 1
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01
02

21. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 1
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt
02

22. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 1
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt short
02

23. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 1
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
02

24. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 2
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
02

25. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 2
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
02 Tt

26. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 2
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
02 Tt tall

27. Tt Tt Example: Toss # 2
T t T t
Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
02 Tt tall heterozygous

28. Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
02 Tt tall heterozygous
03 tt short homozygous
04 Tt tall heterozygous
05 tt short homozygous
06 tt short homozygous
07 tt short homozygous
08 TT tall homozygous
09 tt short homozygous
10 Tt tall heterozygous
11 Tt tall heterozygous
12 tt short homozygous
13 Tt tall heterozygous
14 Tt tall heterozygous
15 Tt tall heterozygous
16 Tt tall heterozygous
17 Tt tall heterozygous
18 tt short homozygous
19 TT tall homozygous
20 Tt tall heterozygous
21 Tt tall heterozygous
22 TT tall homozygous
23 Tt tall heterozygous
24 TT tall homozygous
25 tt short homozygous
26 Tt tall heterozygous
27 Tt tall heterozygous
28 Tt tall heterozygous
29 Tt tall heterozygous
30 tt short homozygous

29. Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Total Tall: 20 Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
02 Tt tall heterozygous
03 tt short homozygous
04 Tt tall heterozygous
05 tt short homozygous
06 tt short homozygous
07 tt short homozygous
08 TT tall homozygous
09 tt short homozygous
10 Tt tall heterozygous
11 Tt tall heterozygous
12 tt short homozygous
13 Tt tall heterozygous
14 Tt tall heterozygous
15 Tt tall heterozygous
16 Tt tall heterozygous
17 Tt tall heterozygous
18 tt short homozygous
19 TT tall homozygous
20 Tt tall heterozygous
21 Tt tall heterozygous
22 TT tall homozygous
23 Tt tall heterozygous
24 TT tall homozygous
25 tt short homozygous
26 Tt tall heterozygous
27 Tt tall heterozygous
28 Tt tall heterozygous
29 Tt tall heterozygous
30 tt short homozygous

30. Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Total Tall: 20 Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
Total Short: 10
02 Tt tall heterozygous
03 tt short homozygous
04 Tt tall heterozygous
05 tt short homozygous
06 tt short homozygous
07 tt short homozygous
08 TT tall homozygous
09 tt short homozygous
10 Tt tall heterozygous
11 Tt tall heterozygous
12 tt short homozygous
13 Tt tall heterozygous
14 Tt tall heterozygous
15 Tt tall heterozygous
16 Tt tall heterozygous
17 Tt tall heterozygous
18 tt short homozygous
19 TT tall homozygous
20 Tt tall heterozygous
21 Tt tall heterozygous
22 TT tall homozygous
23 Tt tall heterozygous
24 TT tall homozygous
25 tt short homozygous
26 Tt tall heterozygous
27 Tt tall heterozygous
28 Tt tall heterozygous
29 Tt tall heterozygous
30 tt short homozygous

31. Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Total Tall: 20 Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
Total Short: 10
02 Tt tall heterozygous
Total Heterozygous: 16 03 tt short homozygous
04 Tt tall heterozygous
05 tt short homozygous
06 tt short homozygous
07 tt short homozygous
08 TT tall homozygous
09 tt short homozygous
10 Tt tall heterozygous
11 Tt tall heterozygous
12 tt short homozygous
13 Tt tall heterozygous
14 Tt tall heterozygous
15 Tt tall heterozygous
16 Tt tall heterozygous
17 Tt tall heterozygous
18 tt short homozygous
19 TT tall homozygous
20 Tt tall heterozygous
21 Tt tall heterozygous
22 TT tall homozygous
23 Tt tall heterozygous
24 TT tall homozygous
25 tt short homozygous
26 Tt tall heterozygous
27 Tt tall heterozygous
28 Tt tall heterozygous
29 Tt tall heterozygous
30 tt short homozygous

32. Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Total Tall: 20 Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
Total Short: 10
02 Tt tall heterozygous
Total Heterozygous: 16 03 tt short homozygous
04 Tt tall heterozygous
Total Homozygous: 14 05 tt short homozygous
06 tt short homozygous
07 tt short homozygous
08 TT tall homozygous
09 tt short homozygous
10 Tt tall heterozygous
11 Tt tall heterozygous
12 tt short homozygous
13 Tt tall heterozygous
14 Tt tall heterozygous
15 Tt tall heterozygous
16 Tt tall heterozygous
17 Tt tall heterozygous
18 tt short homozygous
19 TT tall homozygous
20 Tt tall heterozygous
21 Tt tall heterozygous
22 TT tall homozygous
23 Tt tall heterozygous
24 TT tall homozygous
25 tt short homozygous
26 Tt tall heterozygous
27 Tt tall heterozygous
28 Tt tall heterozygous
29 Tt tall heterozygous
30 tt short homozygous

33. Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Total Tall: 20 Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
Total Short: 10
02 Tt tall heterozygous
Total Heterozygous: 16 03 tt short homozygous
04 Tt tall heterozygous
Total Homozygous: 14 05 tt short homozygous
06 tt short homozygous
Total # Tosses: 30 07 tt short homozygous
08 TT tall homozygous
09 tt short homozygous
10 Tt tall heterozygous
11 Tt tall heterozygous
12 tt short homozygous
13 Tt tall heterozygous
14 Tt tall heterozygous
15 Tt tall heterozygous
16 Tt tall heterozygous
17 Tt tall heterozygous
18 tt short homozygous
19 TT tall homozygous
20 Tt tall heterozygous
21 Tt tall heterozygous
22 TT tall homozygous
23 Tt tall heterozygous
24 TT tall homozygous
25 tt short homozygous
26 Tt tall heterozygous
27 Tt tall heterozygous
28 Tt tall heterozygous
29 Tt tall heterozygous
30 tt short homozygous

34. Toss # Genotype Phenotype Heterozygous
Total Tall: 20 Homozygous
01 tt short homozygous
Total Short: 10
02 Tt tall heterozygous
Total Heterozygous: 16 03 tt short homozygous
04 Tt tall heterozygous
Total Homozygous: 14 05 tt short homozygous
06 tt short homozygous
Total # Tosses: 30 07 tt short homozygous
08 TT tall homozygous
09 tt short homozygous
10 Tt tall heterozygous
11 Tt tall heterozygous
What are the chances the 12 tt short homozygous
13 Tt tall heterozygous
offspring will be tall or short?
14 Tt tall heterozygous
15 Tt tall heterozygous
16 Tt tall heterozygous
What are the chances the 17 Tt tall heterozygous
18 tt short homozygous
offspring will be hetereozygous 19 TT tall homozygous
or homozygous? 20 Tt tall heterozygous
21 Tt tall heterozygous
22 TT tall homozygous
23 Tt tall heterozygous
24 TT tall homozygous
Calculate the % . . . 25
26
tt
Tt
short
tall
homozygous
heterozygous
27 Tt tall heterozygous
28 Tt tall heterozygous
29 Tt tall heterozygous
30 tt short homozygous

35. Total Tall: 20
Total Short: 10
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
% tall =

36. Total Tall: 20
Total Short: 10
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall
% tall =
total # of tosses

37. Total Tall: 20
Total Short: 10
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = =
total # of tosses 30

38. Total Tall: 20
Total Short: 10
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67
total # of tosses 30

39. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30

40. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short:
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short
% short =
total # of tosses

41. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short:
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = =
total # of tosses 30

42. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short:
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33
total # of tosses 30

43. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30

44. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous
% heterozygous =
total # of tosses

45. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous 16
% heterozygous = =
total # of tosses 30

46. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous 16
% heterozygous = = = 0.53
total # of tosses 30

47. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous: 53%
Total Homozygous: 14
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous 16
% heterozygous = = = 0.53 x 100% = 53%
total # of tosses 30

48. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous: 53%
Total Homozygous: 14 % Homozygous:
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous 16
% heterozygous = = = 0.53 x 100% = 53%
total # of tosses 30
total # homozygous
% homozygous = =
total # of tosses

49. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous: 53%
Total Homozygous: 14 % Homozygous:
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous 16
% heterozygous = = = 0.53 x 100% = 53%
total # of tosses 30
total # homozygous 14
% homozygous = =
total # of tosses 30

50. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous: 53%
Total Homozygous: 14 % Homozygous:
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous 16
% heterozygous = = = 0.53 x 100% = 53%
total # of tosses 30
total # homozygous 14
% homozygous = = = 0.47
total # of tosses 30

51. Total Tall: 20 % Tall: 67%
Total Short: 10 % Short: 33%
Total Heterozygous: 16 % Heterozygous: 53%
Total Homozygous: 14 % Homozygous: 47%
Total # Tosses: 30
total # tall 20
% tall = = = 0.67 x 100% = 67%
total # of tosses 30
total # short 10
% short = = = 0.33 x 100% = 33%
total # of tosses 30
total # heterozygous 16
% heterozygous = = = 0.53 x 100% = 53%
total # of tosses 30
total # homozygous 14
% homozygous = = = 0.47 x 100% = 47%
total # of tosses 30

52. Tt Tt
What are the results as
calculated using the
Punnett Square?
How do the results compare to the
results calculated from your coin lab?

53. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

54. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

55. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

56. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

57. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

58. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

59. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

60. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

61. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

62. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

63. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

64. Total Tall:
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

65. Total Tall: 3
Total Short:
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

66. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous:
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

67. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous:
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

68. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes:
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

69. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:

70. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
% tall =

71. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # tall
% tall =
total # of outcomes

72. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # tall 3
% tall = =
total # of outcomes 4

73. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall:
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # tall 3
% tall = = = 0.75
total # of outcomes 4

74. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # tall 3
% tall = = = 0.75 x 100% = 75%
total # of outcomes 4

75. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
% short =

76. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # short
% short =
total # of outcomes

77. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # short 1
% short = =
total # of outcomes 4

78. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short:
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # short 1
% short = = = 0.25
total # of outcomes 4

79. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # short 1
% short = = = 0.25 x 100% = 25%
total # of outcomes 4

80. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
% heterozygous =

81. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # heterozygous
% heterozygous =
total # of outcomes

82. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # heterozygous 2
% heterozygous = =
total # of outcomes 4

83. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous:
% Homozygous:
total # heterozygous 2
% heterozygous = = = 0.50
total # of outcomes 4

84. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous: 50%
% Homozygous:
total # heterozygous 2
% heterozygous = = = 0.50 x 100% = 50%
total # of outcomes 4

85. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous: 50%
% Homozygous:
% homozygous =

86. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous: 50%
% Homozygous:
total # homozygous
% homozygous =
total # of outcomes

87. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous: 50%
% Homozygous:
total # homozygous 2
% homozygous = =
total # of outcomes 4

88. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous: 50%
% Homozygous:
total # homozygous 2
% homozygous = = = 0.50
total # of outcomes 4

89. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75%
% Short: 25%
% Heterozygous: 50%
% Homozygous: 50%
total # homozygous 2
% homozygous = = = 0.50 x 100% = 50%
total # of outcomes 4

90. Total Tall: 3
Total Short: 1
Total Heterozygous: 2
Total Homozygous: 2
Possible Outcomes: 4
% Tall: 75% 67%
% Short: 25% 33%
% Heterozygous: 50% 53%
% Homozygous: 50% 47%
MR O’s
COIN LAB
RESULTS

91. TT Tt
On your own . . .
Complete a Punnett Square
for the cross above.
Calculate the % Tall, % Short,
% Heterozygous, and % Homozygous.