1. ( A D A P T E D F R O M ‘ M S . W E L L S ’
Physical States of Matter

2. States of Matter
 Different forms of matter:
 Solid
 Liquid
 Gas
 State depends on 2 things:
 Particle (atoms/molecules) arrangement
 Particle motion

3. Solid Matter
 Fixed volume, Fixed shape
 Particles packed together
tightly – usually in a
repeating pattern
 Examples: wood, glass, salt,
plastic

4. Density
 What did you notice about the density of
 Solid
 Liquid
 …and Gas?

6. Solid Matter
 Particles vibrate in place
 remember – matter is always in motion!
 Want to separate the particles in a solid? BREAK it!

7. Liquid Matter
 Fixed volume, changing
shape
 Particles can move from
place to place
 Particles attracted to
each other, but more
easily separate
 Take the shape of the
container its put in
 Examples: milk, oil,
honey, water

8. Gas Matter
 Volume changes, shape
changes
 Examples: air, oxygen, water
vapor
 Particles always push outward
on container
 Spread to fill container if there
is more space
 Or pack closer together when
there is less space = PRESSURE
from the pushing!

10. Pressure: Gases and Temperature
 Increased temperature (add
heat)
 Particles speed up
(more energy)
= Volume increases!
 Decreased temperature
 (remove heat)
 Particles slow down
(less energy)
= Volume decreases!

11. Example: water
 1. Solid phase. What is the freezing/melting
temperature of water? What is solid phase of water
called?
 2. Liquid phase.
 3. Gas phase. What is the gas phase of water called?
 What is the boiling temperature of water?

13. Celsius scale
0 degrees Celsius = freezing point of water
Absolute zero =coldest possible temperature
All motions cease at absolute zero
The temperature at absolute zero = -273 degrees C.

14. Kelvin
 0 degrees K = absolute zero
 273 degrees K = 0 degrees C.
 10 degrees C = 283 degrees K.

15. Quiz
 1. Is the density of water higher in liquid or solid
phase?
 2.If the density of solid water were higher than
liquid, what would happen to a lake when it freezes
over during winter?
 3. 1 degree C is ____ degrees K.