1. Sociolinguistic Patterns
By Paulina Escobar A.

2. Sociolinguistic
Is
A sciense
That studies
The Language
in context

3. A language
Can be
influenced by
1
Social class 5
4 Network
2 3 Age
Style
Gender
of the speakers

4. 1 Social class
Combine
elements of
Education Income
Occupation

5. But
Social
class
Is generally
divided into
and
Upper class Lower class
 These groups have
differences in vocabulary:
1- table-napkin 1- Serviette
2- have one’s bath 2- take a bath
3- writing paper 3- note paper
4- pudding 4- sweet

6.  These two groups also have phonological variables of the following sounds:
/r/ /ŋ/ /h/
Higher class Lower class Higher class Lower class Heart eart
Hand and
produce produce (Higher class) (lower class)
(nasal (alveolar
r- Not r- sound /ŋ/) sound /n/)
pronouncing pronouncing In verbs Drop of hs
such as
Reading, Readin,
Singing Singin
More
prestige

7. 2 Style
and
The use of
postvocalic /r/
Highest Lower
group Lowest class
middle class
The
has most has
use of
The shallowest
Postvocalic The shallowest
slope /r/ slope
In the most
formal style

8. Lower middle
class
And exterior standard Insecurity about their
of correctness own speech
It is called HYPERCORRECTION
They try to use the prestige norm used by upper class.

9. 3 Gender
Women Men
tend to use
tend to use
More higher- More Less higher- Less
status variants hypercorrection status variants hypercorrection
(specially in lower
middle class)

10. 3 Gender
Women Men
More prestige Tend to over- Use of non- are likely to
forms report standard under-report
forms of their use of
speech. standard
forms.

11. In the Victorian era
Speaking properly
Was
associated
Queen
With being Victoria
female
particularly
A LADY

12. 4 Age
In Sweden
there are
Especially
differences
between
7 and 16 16 and 20
Awarness of
More estandard forms Certain markers
Eg: more final ts
examples
huset kastat

13. 5 Network
Is related to
The group of people
that we have contact
For example
Puerto Ricans
Who have
Contact with
black speakers fas istead of fast
Delete
Final –t/d more often
gol instead of gold

14. than
those
Puerto
Ricans
Who have
not
Contact
with
Black In the New York
speakers City

15. Standardi
Inequalities zation
in
society
Are reflected
in
Distribution of
social dialects

16. The process
of
Standardi
zation converts
One variety
into
A standard
by
spelling
its
Fixing and regulating
grammar

17. Standardization and its
effects inIN Papua Guinea
Papua Guinea
There is
A difference
between
Indigenous
Tok Pisin (an English
languages
English-based
pidgin)

18. In Papua Guinea
Has a high value.
English Speaking English is considered
“good” at school.
Tok Pisin (an Has a high value too.
English-based Speaking Tok Pisin is considered
pidgin) “bad” at school.
Are devaluated
Indigenous
languages Speaking indigenous languages
is considered “worst” at school.
English has become a estandard language, a socially accepted
language in Papua Guinea.