Teff Production and Market Access in Ethiopia

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Economy & Finance

2
• Understand spatial and temporal teff production
pattern;
• Explore how market access spatially overlaps with :
o Teff production,
o Teff cultivated area and,
o Chemical fertilizer use over time.
Objectives

• This study links EASE, AgSS and GIS data.
• Ethiopian Agricultural Sample Enumeration (2001/02) ;
• AgSS (1997/98, 2006/07 and 2010/11 );
• GIS data: elevation and slope grid, city, and road networks, landuse,
water bodies…
• We categorize woredas into top, middle, and low terciles
based on teff production. Within these categories we
examine :
o Share of producers using fertilizer and;
o Share of fertilized teff area;
• The study uses measurements of travel time to examine
differences in agricultural production and input use.
Data and Method

4
Background
• Ethiopia’s road investment claims three percent of GDP,
one of the highest in Africa (Foster and Morella, 2011).
• In SSA countries:
o Higher crop production in areas of better connectivity to markets.
o Lower input technology adoption rate in areas with higher travel
time to large cities (Dorosh et al.,2010).
• We tried to explore market access, teff production and
fertilizer application on teff
o Cereals have the highest area share of grain crops & among
cereals teff has the highest share of area coverage (CSA, 2011).

8
Teff : Production & Cultivated Area
• Oromia and Amhara
regions in 2010/11 :
o 85 percent of the national
teff production;
o 84 percent of area
cultivated by teff
• S.N.N.P’s contribution to
national teff production
and area coverage in the
same year was 8.5 and
9.6 percent, respectively.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
97/98
98/99
99/00
00/01
01/02
03/04
04/05
05/06
06/07
07/08
08/09
09/10
10/11
Production%share
Tigray
Amhara
Oromia
S.N.N.P.
0
10
20
30
40
50
97/98
98/99
99/00
00/01
01/02
03/04
04/05
05/06
06/07
07/08
08/09
09/10
10/11
Area%share
Tigray
Amhara
Oromia
S.N.N.P.

15
Teff : Producer and Fertilizer Use by Terciles
• The percent of
producers applying
fertilizer on teff fields
and share of fertilized
teff area increased
over time.
• Top production
category has the
highest share.

Teff : Production, Cultivated Area, and
Accessibility
• In non-remote areas,
there is an increase in
percentage of:
o Teff production:
from 10 percent to
45 percent
o Teff area: from 8
percent to 44
percent

17
Teff : Yield, Fertilized Area, and Accessibility
• In areas with in 3 hours of
access to large cities, there
is an increase in:
o Teff yield: from 9 q/ha to
13q/ha,
o The percent of fertilized
teff area: 9 to 55 percent
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
1997/98 2006/07 2010/11
Percentoffertilizedteffarea
Under 3 hours

18
Conclusions
• The percent of producers applying fertilizer on teff fields
increased.
• Increasingly larger share of teff area is being fertilized.
• An increase in teff production, area, and yield is noted
within 3 hours travel time to a city of at least 50,000
people.
• Increase in market access and fertilizer use on teff fields
over the study years.

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