1. What is new in Java SE
7 and – Java Enterprise
Edition 6
Eugene Bogaart
Solution Architect
Sun Microsystems
1

2. JDK 7 Features
> Language
• Annotations on Java types
• Small language changes (Project Coin)
• Modularity (JSR-294)
> Core
• Modularisation (Project Jigsaw)
• Concurrency and collections updates
• More new IO APIs (NIO.2)
• Additional network protocol support
• Eliptic curve cryptography
• Unicode 5.1
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3. JDK 7 Features
> VM
• Compressed 64-bit pointers
• Garbage-First GC
• Support for dynamic languages (Da Vinci Machine
project)
> Client
• Forward port Java SE6 u10 features
• XRender pipeline for Java 2D
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4. Modularity
Project Jigsaw
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5. New Module System for Java
• JSR-294 Improved Modularity Support in the Java
Programming Language
• Requirements for JSR-294
> Integrate with the VM
> Integrate with the language
> Integrate with (platform's) native packaging
> Support multi-module packages
> Support “friend” modules
• Open JDK's Project Jigsaw
> Reference implementation for JSR-294
> openjdk.java.net/projects/jigsaw
> Can have other type of module systems based on OSGi, IPS,
Debian, etc.
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6. Modularizing You Code
planetjdk/src/
org/planetjdk/aggregator/Main.java
Modularize
planetjdk/src/
org/planetjdk/aggregator/Main.java
module-info.java
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7. module-info.java Module name
module org.planetjdk.aggregator {
Module system
system jigsaw;
requires module jdom;
requires module tagsoup;
requires module rome;
Dependencies
requires module rome-fetcher;
requires module joda-time;
requires module java-xml;
requires module java-base;
class org.planetjdk.aggregator.Main;
} Main class
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8. Module Versioning
module org.planetjdk.aggregator @ 1.0 {
system jigsaw;
requires module jdom @ 1.*;
requires module tagsoup @ 1.2.*;
requires module rome @ =1.0;
requires module rome-fetcher @ =1.0;
requires module joda-time @ [1.6,2.0);
requires module java-xml @ 7.*;
requires module java-base @ 7.*;
class org.planetjdk.aggregator.Main;
}
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9. Small
(Language)
Changes
Project Coin
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10. Better Integer Literals
• Binary literals
int mask = 0b1010;
• With underscores
int bigMask = 0b1010_0101;
long big = 9_223_783_036_967_937L;
• Unsigned literals
byte b = 0xffu;
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11. Better Type Inference
Map<String, Integer> foo =
new HashMap<String, Integer>();
Map<String, Integer> foo =
new HashMap<>();
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12. Strings in Switch
• Strings are constants too
String s = ...;
switch (s) {
case "foo":
return 1;
case "bar":
Return 2;
default:
return 0;
}
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13. Resource Management
• Manually closing resources is tricky and tedious
public void copy(String src, String dest) throws IOException {
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(src);
try {
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dest);
try {
byte[] buf = new byte[8 * 1024];
int n;
while ((n = in.read(buf)) >= 0)
out.write(buf, 0, n);
} finally {
out.close();
}
} finally {
in.close();
}}
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14. Automatic Resource Management
static void copy(String src, String dest)
throws IOException {
try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(src);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(dest)) {
byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
int n;
while ((n = in.read(buf)) >= 0)
out.write(buf, 0, n);
}
//in and out closes
}
14

15. Index Syntax for Lists and Maps
List<String> list =
Arrays.asList(new String[] {"a", "b", "c"});
String firstElement = list[0];
Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map[Integer.valueOf(1)] = "One";
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16. Dynamic
Languages
Support
Da Vinci Machine Project
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17. JVM Specification
“The Java virtual machine knows nothing
about the Java programming language, only
of a particular binary format, the class file
format.”
1.2 The Java Virtual Machine
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18. Languages Running on the JVM
Tea iScript
Zigzag JESS Jickle
Modula-2 Lisp
Correlate Nice
CAL
JudoScript
JavaScript
Simkin Drools Basic
Icon Groovy Eiffel Luck
v-language Pascal
Prolog Mini
Tcl PLAN Hojo Scala
Rexx JavaFX Script Funnel
Tiger Anvil Yassl FScript
Oberon
E Smalltalk
Logo Tiger JHCR JRuby
Ada G Scheme Sather
Clojure
Phobos
Processing WebL Dawn TermWare
Sleep
LLP Pnuts Bex Script
BeanShell Forth PHP
C#
Yoix SALSA ObjectScript
Jython Piccola 18
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19. InvokeDynamic Bytecode
• JVM currently has four ways to invoke method
> Invokevirtual, invokeinterface, invokestatic, invokespecial
• All require full method signature data
• InvokeDynamic will use method handle
> Effectively an indirect pointer to the method
• When dynamic method is first called bootstrap code
determines method and creates handle
• Subsequent calls simply reference defined handle
• Type changes force a re-compute of the method location
and an update to the handle
> Method call changes are invisible to calling code
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20. Bootstrapping Method Handle
20

21. invokedynamic Byte Code
Call site reifies the call
pink = CallSite object
green = MethodHandle object
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22. JDK 7 Milestone Timeline
• M5 29 Oct 2009
> Concurrency and collections updates (jsr166y)
> Elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC)
> JSR TBD: Small language enhancements (Project Coin)
> Swing updates
> Update the XML stack
• M6 18 Feb 2010
• M7 15 Apr 2010
• M8 3 Jun 2010 Feature complete
• M9 22 Jul 2010
• M10 9 Sep 2010
22

23. More information
• On OpenJDK7
• http://www.javapassion.com/javaee6/
23

24. Java EE: Past & Present
Rightsizing
Ease of
Development Java EE 6
Web
Services Pruning
Java EE 5 Extensibility
Robustness Profiles
Enterprise Java Ease of
Platform
J2EE 1.4 Development Ease of
Development
Annotations
J2EE 1.3 Web EJB Lite
J2EE 1.2 Services EJB 3.0
RESTful
Management
CMP Persistence Services
Servlet Deployment
JPE Connector New and Dependency
Project JSP Architecture Async. Updated Ejection
EJB Connector Web Services
JMS Web Profile
RMI/IIOP
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25. Java EE 6
Final release December
10, 2009
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26. Java EE 5
J2EE 1.4 Java EE 5
• Deployment • Java language
descriptors annotations @
• Required container • Plain Old Java Objects
interfaces (POJOs)
• JNDI Lookups • Dependency Injection
• Deployment • More and better defaults
descriptor, interfaces
• No Supported UI • Java Server Faces(JSF)
Framework
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27. Java EE 6
GOALS
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28. Java EE 6 Platform
Goals
• Rightsizing
> Flexible
> Lighter weight
• Extensible
> Embrace Open Source
Frameworks
• Productive
> Improve on Java EE 5
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29. Rightsizing the Platform
Platform Flexibility
• Decouple specifications to
allow more combinations
• Expand potiential licensee
ecosystem
• Profiles
> Targeted technology bundles
> Web Profile
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30. About Profiles
• Profiles are targeted bundles of technologies
• (Simple) rules set by platform spec
• Profiles can be subsets, supersets or overlapping
• First profile: the Web Profile
• Decoupling of specs to allow more combinations
• Future profiles defined in the Java Community
Process
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31. Rightsizing the Platform
Web Profile
• Fully functional mid-sized
profile
• Actively discussed
> Expert Group
> Industry
• Technologies
> Servlet 3.0, EJB Lite 3.1, JPA 2.0, JSP
2.2, EL 1.2, JSTL 1.2, JSF 2.0, JTA
1.1, JSR 45, Common Annotations
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32. Rightsizing the Platform
Pruning (Deprecation)
• Some technologies optional
> Optional in next release
> Deleted in subsequent release
> Marked in Javadocs
• Pruning list
> JAX-RPC
> EJB 2.x Entity Beans
> JAXR
> JSR-85 (Rules based Auth & Audit)
32

33. About Pruning
• Make some technologies optional
• Reduce the real and conceptual footprint
• Same rules as proposed by the Java SE
> “pruned now, optional in the next release”
• Pruned technologies will be marked in the javadocs
• Current pruning list:
> JAX-RPC, EJB Entity Beans, JAXR, JSR-88
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34. Rightsizing the Platform
Extensibility
• Embrace open source
libraries and frameworks
• Zero-configuration, drag-n-
drop web frameworks
> Servlets, servlet filters
> Framework context listeners
are discovered & registered
• Plugin library jars using Web
Fragments
34

35. Ease of Development
Extensibility
• Continue Java EE 5 advancements
• Primary focus: Web Tier
• Multiple areas easier to use: EJB 3.1
• General Principles
> Annotation-based programming model
> Reduce or eliminate need for
deployment descriptors
> Traditional API for advanced users
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36. About Extensibility
• Embrace open source libraries and frameworks
• Zero-configuration, drag-and-drop for web
frameworks
> Monolithic web.xml can become complex to maintain as
the dependencies of the application increases
> Servlets, servlet filters, context listeners for a framework
get discovered and registered automatically
• Completely general solution using web fragments
• Scripting languages can use the same mechanism
36

37. Ease of Development
• Ongoing effort
• This time focus is the web tier
• Lots of opportunities in other areas, e.g. EJB
• General principles:
> Use of annotations across all web APIs
> Reduce or eliminate need for deployment descriptors
– No editing of web.xml required
> Self-registration of third-party libraries
> Simplified packaging
> JAX-RS for RESTful web services
> Get technologies to work together well
37

38. Java EE 6
Platform Summary
38

39. Java EE 6 Platform
What's New?
• Several new APIs
• Web Profile
• Pluggability/extensibility
• Dependency injection
• Many improvements to APIs
39

40. Java EE 6 Platform
New Technologies
• JAX-RS 1.1
• Bean Validation 1.0
• Dependency injection 1.0
• CDI 1.0
• Managed Beans 1.0
40

41. Java EE 6 Platform
Updated Technolgies
• EJB 3.1 • JAX-WS 2.2
• JPA 2.0 • JSR-109 1.3
• Servlet 3.0 • JSP 2.2
• JSF 2.0 • EL 2.2
• Connectors 1.6 • JSR-250 1.1
• Interceptors 1.1 • JACC 1.4
• JASPIC 1.0 41

42. Java EE 6
Samples
42

43. Ease of Development
Adding an EJB to a Web Application
ShoppingCart
BuyBooks.war EJB Class BuyBooks.war
ShoppingCart.jar
ShoppingCart
EJB Class
BuyBooks.ear
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44. Java EE Platform 5 Packaging
44

45. Java EE Platform 6 Packaging
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46. Session Bean with No - Interface
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47. Ease of Development - Annotations
Servlet in Java EE 5: Create two source files
/* Code in Java Class */ <!--Deployment descriptor web.xml
-->
package com.foo; <web-app>
public class MyServlet extends <servlet>
HttpServlet { <servlet-name>MyServlet
public void </servlet-name>
doGet(HttpServletRequest <servlet-class>
req,HttpServletResponse res) com.foo.MyServlet
</servlet-class>
{ </servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
... <servlet-name>MyServlet
</servlet-name>
} <url-pattern>/myApp/*
</url-pattern>
... </servlet-mapping>
...
} </web-app>
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48. Ease of Development - Annotations
Servlet in Java EE 5: Java Class
/* Code in Java Class */
package com.foo;
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse res) {
/* doGet body */
}
}
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49. Ease of Development - Annotations
Servlet in Java EE 5: Descriptor
<!--Deployment descriptor web.xml -->
<web-app>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>MyServlet
</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
com.foo.MyServlet
</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>MyServlet
</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/myApp/*
</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
...
</web-app>
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50. Ease of Development - Annotations
Java EE 6 Servlet: Single Source file (many cases)
package com.foo;
@WebServlet(name=”MyServlet”, urlPattern=”/myApp/*”)
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req,
HttpServletResponse res)
{
...
}
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51. Demos
Java EE 6
51

52. Demo Setup
Enterprise Java
JavaServer
Java Beans Persistence JavaDB
Faces
(Business API (Database)
(presentation)
Logic) (Data Access)
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53. Summary
• Java continues to evolve
• JDK7 driving changes in the platform
• JavaFX providing a RIA platform built on Java
• More to come...
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54. More information
• Tutorial On Java EE 6
• Webinar on Java EE 6
• http://www.javapassion.com/javaee6/
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55. Thanks
Eugene Bogaart
Eugene.Bogaart@sun.com
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