Improving PMTCT Outcomes Through Male Engagement
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There is solid evidence that interventions can bring about positive gender and HIV-related changes among men and boys. Programs like Stepping Stones, Programme H, and One Man Can Workshop have shown decreases in high-risk behaviors and increases in condom use. A WHO study found that over half of gender-transformative programs were effective or promising. A study in Ethiopia found that after a male engagement intervention, the number of men accompanying their partners to clinics for HIV testing and PMTCT visits increased by 46% and 87.6% respectively. Effective PMTCT requires engaging men, and evidence shows interventions can benefit women, children, and men.
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Improving PMTCT Outcomes Through Male Engagement
- 1. Working with men to improve PMTCT outcomes. Emerging Approaches International AIDS Society Meeting, Vienna, July 2010 Dean Peacock, Sonke Gender Justice Network
- 2. Examples of emerging approaches
- 7. http://www.brothersforlife.org/video/pmtct_1.html Brothers for Mothers
Notas del editor
- Medley, Garcia Moreno, Maman et al: 10 country study on VCT and disclosure. The proportion of women reporting violence as a reaction to disclosure ranged from 3.5% to 14.6%. The true incidence of violence related to HIV status disclosure was hard to determine from these studies, as there were no base rates of violence obtained at the beginning of the studies. Furthermore, most studies did not define violence or describe its severity, therefore making direct comparisons across studies difficult. Interestingly, several studies mentioned that fear of consequences such as abandonment, violence and discrimination were major barriers to disclosure. When the study participants were asked the outcomes of disclosure, however, these fears were seldom realized among women who chose to disclose their status. In Kilewo's study from the United Republic of Tanzania, 46.4% of women who did not disclose their HIV status to their partners reported that fear of divorce was a major barrier to disclosure, but 91.7% of women who did disclose their results reported that their relationship continued afterwards ( 11 ). Heyward found a similar trend in Kinshasa: 63% of women who did not disclose their HIV status reported fear of divorce as the major barrier, yet, 12 months after disclosure, no woman in the study reported divorce or separation ( 17 ). This finding can mean one of two things. It may mean that only women who are confident in the safety and strength of their relationship actually disclose their results, and women who are less confident choose not to. It could also mean that women perceive the risk of a negative outcome to be more likely than it is in fact.
- Medley, Garcia Moreno, Maman et al: 10 country study on VCT and disclosure. The proportion of women reporting violence as a reaction to disclosure ranged from 3.5% to 14.6%. The true incidence of violence related to HIV status disclosure was hard to determine from these studies, as there were no base rates of violence obtained at the beginning of the studies. Furthermore, most studies did not define violence or describe its severity, therefore making direct comparisons across studies difficult. Interestingly, several studies mentioned that fear of consequences such as abandonment, violence and discrimination were major barriers to disclosure. When the study participants were asked the outcomes of disclosure, however, these fears were seldom realized among women who chose to disclose their status. In Kilewo's study from the United Republic of Tanzania, 46.4% of women who did not disclose their HIV status to their partners reported that fear of divorce was a major barrier to disclosure, but 91.7% of women who did disclose their results reported that their relationship continued afterwards ( 11 ). Heyward found a similar trend in Kinshasa: 63% of women who did not disclose their HIV status reported fear of divorce as the major barrier, yet, 12 months after disclosure, no woman in the study reported divorce or separation ( 17 ). This finding can mean one of two things. It may mean that only women who are confident in the safety and strength of their relationship actually disclose their results, and women who are less confident choose not to. It could also mean that women perceive the risk of a negative outcome to be more likely than it is in fact.