1. The document discusses factors to consider when establishing a grading scheme for a course, including what criteria to include and their relative weights. It suggests basing grades primarily on measurable achievements and considering effort, improvement, and other subjective factors less heavily. 2. Guidelines are presented for selecting grading criteria, such as stating the full grading scheme in writing for students and using observable measures for subjective factors. 3. An anecdote is included emphasizing that teachers can best support student learning through establishing optimal conditions rather than dictating outcomes.