symfony: An Open-Source Framework for Professionals (PHP Day 2008)
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symfony: An Open-Source Framework for Professionals (PHP Day 2008)
- 1. symfony An Open-Source Framework for Professionals Fabien Potencier www.sensiolabs.com
- 2. Before we begin How many have already used symfony for a project, even a very small personal project? www.sensiolabs.com
- 3. Before we begin Do you want to do the exercices on your laptop? www.sensiolabs.com
- 4. Sensio • Sensio Sensio Web Agency – Web Agency Internet Webmarketing – Founded in 1998 Technologies – 45 people dedicated to Web dev. • Open-Source Specialists symfony framework creator • Big corporate customers www.sensiolabs.com
- 5. symfony • PHP Web framework • Based on – 10 years of Sensio experience – Existing Open-Source projects • Built for : – Professional websites – Complex needs – Demanding environments www.sensiolabs.com
- 7. Whatever the application, a framework is build to ease development by providing tools for recurrent and boring tasks. www.sensiolabs.com
- 14. 1 Internet 2 Controleur 6 3 5 Modèle Vue 4 BDD www.sensiolabs.com
- 15. Develop Faster & Better www.sensiolabs.com
- 16. Write less code less code less complexity less bugs more productivity more time More time for edge cases, business rules, … www.sensiolabs.com
- 17. Each line of code has an initial cost Costinitial = Costdeveloppement + Costtests … and there is a cost to maintain the line Costmaintenance >> Costinitial Costmaintenance = Costunderstanding + Costchange + Costtests + Costdeployment Kent Beck (based on Yourdon and Constantine) www.sensiolabs.com
- 20. MIT Licence « It is a permissive license, meaning that it permits reuse within proprietary software on the condition that the license is distributed with that software. » www.sensiolabs.com
- 22. • Open-Source documentation – The book (450 pages - GFDL) – Askeet Tutorial (250 pages) • Translation in 12 langages – (Chinese) – Polski – Deutsch – Português – Español – Russian – Français – Ukrainian – Italiano – Čeština – (Japanese) – Nederlands www.sensiolabs.com
- 25. Mailing-list support / forums / IRC 240 available plugins 300k unique visitors per month on the official website www.symfony-project.org www.sensiolabs.com
- 27. Version 1.0 released early 2007 Maintained for 3 ans (early 2010) ~1 release a month (1.0.16 now) Bugs and security fixes, compatibility with upcoming PHP versions No new features Upgrading is simple and safe www.sensiolabs.com
- 28. Let’s start a Project www.sensiolabs.com
- 29. The Project • A simple blog system – Posts – Categories – Authors – Comments • Requirements – Maintainable – Customizable – Secure • Use symfony 1.1 www.sensiolabs.com
- 30. List of recent posts Excerpt Categories Post information www.sensiolabs.com
- 31. Sidebar customization List of comments www.sensiolabs.com Add a comment
- 32. YUI stylesheets homepage Famfamfam icons post http://www.symfony-project.org/get/design.tgz www.sensiolabs.com
- 34. Bootstrap a symfony Project 1. Install symfony 2. Initialize a new project 3. Configure the Web Server 4. Start coding www.sensiolabs.com
- 35. Installing symfony Sandbox: Ready-to-run symfony application PEAR: Install symfony globally on your machine Subversion: Be free to have several versions around www.sensiolabs.com
- 36. symfony CLI $ symfony www.sensiolabs.com
- 37. Create a new Project $ mkdir blog $ cd blog $ symfony generate:project blog www.sensiolabs.com
- 38. Create a new Application ./symfony help generate:app www.sensiolabs.com
- 39. Create a new secure Application ./symfony generate:app frontend --escaping-strategy=on --csrf-secret=A$ecret www.sensiolabs.com
- 40. Project, Application, Module, Action www.sensiolabs.com
- 41. Which symfony Version? ./symfony -V config/ProjectConfiguration.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 42. Configure the Web Server <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName myapp.example.com DocumentRoot "/path/to/blog/web" DirectoryIndex index.php <Directory "/path/to/blog/web"> AllowOverride All Allow from All Web root directory is web/ </Directory> </VirtualHost> www.sensiolabs.com
- 43. symfony Assets Used by the default pages and the Web Debug Toolbar Configure the Web Server to serve symfony assets <VirtualHost *:80> … Alias /sf /$sf_symfony_data_dir/web/sf <Directory "/$sf_symfony_data_dir/web/sf"> AllowOverride All Allow from All </Directory> </VirtualHost> Or, create a symlink $ cd web/ $ ln -sf ../lib/vendor/symfony/data/web/sf sf www.sensiolabs.com
- 45. developers customers end users development staging production environment environment environment www.sensiolabs.com
- 46. cache cache cache debug debug debug logs logs logs stats stats stats development staging production environment environment environment www.sensiolabs.com
- 47. Try a 404 dev environment prod environment www.sensiolabs.com
- 48. Front Controllers dev environment environment prod environment environment www.sensiolabs.com
- 49. Environment Configuration apps/frontend/config/settings.yml environment Web debug toolbar www.sensiolabs.com
- 50. Web Debug Toolbar Web debug toolbar www.sensiolabs.com
- 51. Create a Module for Posts Create a new ‘post’ module in the ‘frontend’ application $ php symfony generate:module frontend post www.sensiolabs.com
- 52. Project, Application, Module, Action www.sensiolabs.com
- 53. Action and Template Naming /frontend_dev.php/blog/index module action // in apps/frontend/modules/blog/actions/actions.class.php <?php class blogActions extends sfActions { public function executeIndex() { // do things } } // in apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/indexSuccess.php <!–- do things --> www.sensiolabs.com
- 54. Browse /frontend_dev.php/post/index www.sensiolabs.com
- 55. Create the Blog Homepage apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/indexSuccess.php • Copy homepage.html into indexSuccess.php • Copy the images/ and css/ under web/ • Add the base.css CSS in view.yml • Fix images and css paths /frontend_dev.php/post/index www.sensiolabs.com
- 56. Create an Action to show a Post apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/actions.class.php • Create an empy executeShow() action • Copy post.html into showSuccess.php • Fix images and css paths /frontend_dev.php/post/show www.sensiolabs.com
- 57. Project, Application, Module, Action www.sensiolabs.com
- 58. Extract common Code Post page specific content Homepage specific content www.sensiolabs.com
- 59. The Layout A layout wraps the template content header.php page content include decoration page content include footer.php layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 60. The Layout Move the common code from homepage and post to the layout apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 61. Customize the Sidebar and the Title The title depends on the page The sidebar depends on the page www.sensiolabs.com
- 62. Layout with Several "holes" A slot content depends on the template context Slot1 Main content Slot 2 Main + = content Slot 1 Slot 2 Layout Template Rendered with slots Page www.sensiolabs.com
- 63. Create Slots for Title and Sidebar apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 64. Fill the Slots apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/showSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 65. Passing Data from Action to Template apps/frontend/modules/blog/actions/actions.class.php apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/indexSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 66. Make the Counter dynamic www.sensiolabs.com
- 67. Database Schema A post has an author A post can be in a category A post can have comments www.sensiolabs.com
- 68. Propel : The symfony ORM ORM = Object-Relational Mapping Mapping a relational database to an object-oriented model Database Abstraction Relational Object-Oriented table class row, record object field, column proterty www.sensiolabs.com
- 69. Schema Conventions post: id: # primary key, autoincrement integer author_id: # foreign key to Author created_at: # timestamp, set to current time on creation updated_at: # timestamp, set to current time on update # column types published_at: timestamp title: varchar(255) content: longvarchar is_spam: boolean # complex column definitions last_name: { type: varchar(100), index: true, required: true } category_id: { type: integer, foreignTable: category, foreignReference: id, required: false, onDelete: setnull } www.sensiolabs.com
- 70. Database Schema config/schema.yml www.sensiolabs.com
- 71. Build the Model Classes ./symfony propel:build-model www.sensiolabs.com
- 72. From Schema to Object Model $ ./symfony propel:build-model propel: lib/ post: model/ id: ~ om/ name: varchar(255) BasePost.php BasePostPeer.php Post.php PostPeer.php 1 table > 4 classes? www.sensiolabs.com
- 73. Base and Custom Classes lib/ Base classes model/ om/ Under model/om/, prefixed by Base BasePost.php BasePostPeer.php Generated by Propel Post.php Overwritten each time the schema PostPeer.php changes and the model is generated Never edit these files! lib/ Custom classes model/ om/ Under model/, no prefix BasePost.php BasePostPeer.php Inherit from Base classes Post.php Never overwritten PostPeer.php Put custom methods here www.sensiolabs.com Override base methods here
- 74. Peer and Object Classes lib/ Peer classes model/ om/ Suffixed by Peer BasePost.php Useful to retrieve a collection of objects BasePostPeer.php Post.php Methods return objects PostPeer.php Only static methods (::, self) lib/ Object classes model/ No suffix om/ BasePost.php Useful to create / inspect / update BasePostPeer.php records Post.php Methods return column values PostPeer.php Only object methods (->, $this) www.sensiolabs.com
- 75. Database Initialization mysqladmin create phpday ./symfony configure:database mysql://localhost/phpday www.sensiolabs.com
- 76. Build the SQL queries ./symfony propel:build-sql ./symfony propel:insert-sql www.sensiolabs.com
- 77. Shortcut for all the previous Tasks ./symfony propel:build-all www.sensiolabs.com
- 78. Initial Data data/fixtures/01-data.yml Define PKs with names Use names instead of Pks Dynamic values www.sensiolabs.com
- 79. Load Data $ ./symfony propel:data-load frontend www.sensiolabs.com
- 80. Summary of Code Generation 2 Object model propel:build-model Base, Custom, Peer and object classes 1 schema.yml 3 propel:build-sql propel:insert-sql Relational database Tables, columns, keys, indexes www.sensiolabs.com
- 81. If the Database preexists the Project 3 Object model propel:build-model Base, Custom, Peer and object classes 2 schema.yml 1 propel:build-schema Relational database Tables, columns, keys, indexes www.sensiolabs.com
- 82. Generated Methods of Object Classes Getter for columns CamelCase version $title = $post->getTitle(); $content = $post->getContent(); of the column name $createdAt = $post->getCreatedAt(); Some getters have special options $date = $post->getCreatedAt($dateFormat); Getter by name $title = $post->getByName('title'); www.sensiolabs.com
- 83. Generated Methods of Object Classes Manipulate primary keys $commentId = $comment->getId(); // for composite keys, prefer $commentId = $comment->getPrimaryKey(); Manipulate foreign keys $postId = $comment->getPostId(); // in practice, these methods are not used much // use getter for foreign objects instead $post = $comment->getPost(); // Post object // as the result is an object, you can chain method calls $content = $comment->getPost()->getContent(); One-to-Many smart getters $comments = $post->getCommments(); // Array of Comments $nb = $post->countCommments(); // Integer www.sensiolabs.com
- 84. Get the Posts from the Database www.sensiolabs.com
- 85. What the Model Layer does Action Model Database PostPeer::doSelect(new Criteria()) Criteria to SQL translation SELECT * FROM post Query execution resultset Object hydrating Array of Post objects www.sensiolabs.com
- 86. What the Model Layer does Template Model Database $post->getTitle() Looking up internal attribute String www.sensiolabs.com
- 87. Make the Post show Page dynamic /frontend_dev.php/post/show?id=1 www.sensiolabs.com
- 88. Make the Post show Page dynamic Display a 404 error if the post does not exist www.sensiolabs.com
- 89. Change the Date Format getPublishedAt() first argument accepts the date() format or the strftime() format symfony format_date() helper is i18n aware www.sensiolabs.com
- 90. Helper Groups • Tag • URLs • Assets (images, JavaScript, CSS, …) • Subtemplate inclusion (slot, partial, component) • Links • Form • Javascript and Ajax • Text, number, date manipulation • I18N • … www.sensiolabs.com
- 91. Permalinks • Many applications provide an alternative to functional URLs • Permalinks look like links to permanent content while the resource they reference is dynamically generated • Primarily focused at search engines, permalink often carry more readable data for end users http://www.symfony-project.org/blog/2008/05/21/new-symfony-security-policy www.sensiolabs.com
- 92. Links to the Post Page apps/frontend/config/routing.yml lib/model/Post.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 93. Links to the Post Page apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/indexSuccess.php apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/actions.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 94. Link to the Homepage www.sensiolabs.com
- 95. Add the Comments apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/showSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 96. What the Model Layer does Template Model Database $post->getComments() SELECT * FROM comment WHERE comment.post_id= ? Query execution resultset Array of Comment objects Object hydrating www.sensiolabs.com
- 97. Comment Form $ ./symfony propel:build-forms www.sensiolabs.com
- 98. Base and Custom Classes lib/ Base classes form/ Under form/base/, prefixed by Base base/ BasePostForm.class.php Generated by symfony PostForm.class.php Overwritten when the schema changes and the forms are generated Never edit these files! lib/ Custom classes form/ base/ Under form/, no prefix BasePost.Form.class.php Inherit from Base classes PostForm.class.php Never overwritten Put custom methods here www.sensiolabs.com Override base methods here
- 99. Create a Comment Form apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/actions.class.php apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/showSuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 100. Create a Comment Form www.sensiolabs.com
- 101. Propel Forms • Generated by propel:build-forms • 1 table = 1 form • Model introspection to determine – The widget – The validation rules • Automatically converts a form to a Propel object and save it to the database • Extensible www.sensiolabs.com
- 102. Bind The Form to the Post www.sensiolabs.com
- 103. Customize the Form lib/form/CommentForm.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 108. Create the Category Page lib/model/PostPeer.class.php apps/frontend/modules/blog/actions/actions.class.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 109. Create the Category Page apps/frontend/config/routing.yml apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 110. Create a Partial for the List apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/_list.php apps/frontend/modules/blog/templates/listByCategorySuccess.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 111. Create a Component apps/frontend/modules/post/actions/components.class.php apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/_categories.php apps/frontend/templates/layout.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 112. Create a Web Service for Posts apps/frontend/config/routing.yml apps/frontend/modules/post/templates/indexSuccess.xml.php www.sensiolabs.com
- 113. If we have time… • Functional Tests • Cache • CRUD to manage posts www.sensiolabs.com
- 114. Sensio S.A. 26, rue Salomon de Rothschild 92 286 Suresnes Cedex FRANCE Tél. : +33 1 40 99 80 80 Fax : +33 1 40 99 83 34 Contact Fabien Potencier fabien.potencier@sensio.com http://www.sensiolabs.com/ http://www.symfony-project.com/ www.sensiolabs.com