1) Taking a thorough medical history is essential for dental treatment planning as it provides important information about potential allergies or conditions that could impact care. 2) Common allergens in dentistry include metals in dental materials, antibiotics, local anesthetics like benzocaine, and latex. Overuse of whitening agents can also cause issues. 3) It is important for dentists to be aware of patients' full medical histories to avoid prescribing medications or using materials that could cause allergic reactions or adverse events. Not doing so could put the patient's health at risk.

1. Presented By

2. IMPORTANCE OF MEDICALHISTORY
 Taking a comprehensive
history both oral and
systemic is essential. A
thorough medical history
should always be obtained on
the first visit to dental office
and updated periodically .
This crucial information
should be as accurate as
possible since it can have an
impact on dental treatment.
 Forgetting to include relevant
medical information could
lead to serious consequences.

3. DENTAL ALLERGIES
 Types of dental materials associated with allergic
or other adverse reactions
1. “Base metal” alloys containing Nickel
used to make crowns and bridges. An
example would be a “non-precious” metal
alloy used to make a Porcelain Fused to
Metal (PFM) crown or bridge.
2. Gold alloys used for crowns and bridges
that may contain base metals.

4. 3. Dental amalgam: Very
rare allergic reactions to the
metals in amalgams – the
allergic individual may have
a family history of metal
allergies.
4. Acrylics or denture
reline materials: A very
small percentage of patients
may have allergic or irritant
reactions to the chemicals in
these materials.

5. Medications used in Dentistry associated with
allergic or other adverse reactions
 1. Antibiotics such as
Penicillin, Sulfa drugs,
Tetracycline
Allergy to Penicillin is the most common
drug allergy. Allergic reactions can range
from a rash, to hives, and can even result in a
life-threatening anaphylactic response that
can cause difficulty breathing, requiring
emergency action and treatment.
Erythromycin is usually prescribed for
patients allergic to Penicillin, and allergy to
Erythromycin is rare.

6.  . ALLERGY TO TOPICAL AND LOCAL ANESTHETICS
Some individuals are allergic to benzocaine. In thiscase dentist will make sure to
not use topical anesthetics containing benzocaine and avoid using any local
anesthetics related to benzocaine.
•Prescription whitening/bleaching agents – misuse and overuse of
these products can cause adverse, rash-like irritant reactions to gum and
oral tissues and can also damage the teeth by demineralizing the enamel

7. Epinephrine (“adrenalin”) in local
anesthetics
Many patients believe they may have had an allergic reaction to
the epinephrine, when what has actually occurred is an adverse
reaction to the amount of epinephrine the patient received in the
local anesthetic. Local anesthetic injections can sometimes
inadvertently deliver some epinephrine into the bloodstream
and this can cause the patient’s heart to beat faster, or feel like
the heart is “racing” – this causes significant concern and anxiety
in most patients. Some individuals are more sensitive to
epinephrine, and local anesthetics do contain different
concentrations of epinephrine. Certain dental procedures
require more local anesthetic and this increases the overall
amount of epinephrine the patient receive.

8. Consumer Dental Products associated with
allergic or other adverse reactions
 1. Toothpastes and mouth rinses containing Sodium Laurel
Sulfate (SLS): In a very small percentage (less than 2%) of patients, SLS
can irritate the soft tissue lining of the mouth and in some cases can
cause localized areas of surface epithelium (skin) of the oral tissue to
slough, similar to how skin can peel off after sunburn. For example,
some patients report a “slimy feeling” in their mouth when waking up in
the morning, and this may indicate a reaction to SLS. Many dentists,
periodontists and oral pathology/oral medicine specialists are familiar
with this condition and can help patients identify SLS as the causative
agent. Treatment consists of discontinuing use of any toothpastes or
mouthrinses containing SLS and monitoring the patient for resolution
of the problem.

9.  2. Tartar control toothpastes: In some individuals, the
tartar control ingredient has been reported to cause
sensitivity reactions that irritate oral tissues.
3. Toothpastes, mouth rinses and floss containing
natural oil flavoring agents such as cinnamon: These
can produce a rash-like reaction (mucositis) on the oral
tissues that may feel like it is burning the tissue.
4. Topical pain relieving gels (topical anesthetics) that
contain benzocaine
5. Whitening/bleaching agents – Overuse of these
products can cause adverse, rash-like irritant reactions to
gum and oral tissues and can also damage the teeth by
demineralizing the enamel

10. LATEX ALLERGY
 There are three types of
latex reactions:
1. Irritant contact
dermatitis
2. Allergic contact
dermatitis
3. Immediate allergic
reaction (latex
hypersensitivity)

11. CASE REPORT
 A 29 year old woman with
history of acne rosacea sought
treatment in dermatologic clinic
for an out break of numerous
pustules in the area of nose
, chin and to lesser extent
cheeks.The pustules began two
days after the patient initiated a
course of amoxicillin therapy
prescribed by her dentist for
endocarditis prophylaxis during
routine dental cleaning. She
reported subjective fever and
fatigue.The patients pustules
eruption rapidly resolved with in
4 days after discontinuing
amoxicillin.

12.  The patient had a history of penicillin allergy . But due
to the dentist’s negligence it lead to this serious
Allergy.

13. CASE REPORT 2
 A nine year old patient during the anamnesic the
mother mentioned that the child presented NRL
allergy . The 1st contact with latex happened on her 1st
birthday party through a balloon resulting in swelling
on her body .A/c to mother’s report the child
presented three other strong reactions after contact
with latex gloves and elastic band when she was
submitted to lab blood test which proved NRL allergy.
Her mother also said that she could not use medicines
containing acetaminophen or aspirin besides
presenting dust allergy and bronchitis crisis.

14.  Considering the reactions noticed and reported by the
mother the professional choice was to use vinyl gloves
for the treatment.