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Permaculture and human nutrition v.5
- 2. What is Permaculture? • An ecological design system for the creation of regenerative human habitats. • Biologically based, whole systems approaches to meet human needs from the landscapes in our care • Using local resources, plants, and animals • To assemble productive cultivated ecosystems. • Food and nutrition is at the core of Permaculture- designed systems.
- 5. Food Insecurity • Global Food Security Challenges: – Global competition for a seemingly limited resource – Declining soil quality and productivity – Increasing food and transportation costs – Corporate control of the food supply – Reduced food diversity = vulnerability – Climate instability – Declining nutrition content of available foods
- 6. Local Food Insecurity • Results of a 2011 Gallup survey on Food Insecurity in 100 US metropolitan areas: – 2010 Survey: Asheville metropolitan area(Buncombe, Haywood, Henderson, Madison Counties) - 7th worst in the nation! – 2011 survey - 3rd worst !! – One in 5 people (approx 106,000 People) in WNC is food insecure!!!! – NC 1st in local food insecurity in USA – 1 in 4 kids hungry in NC, 1 in 3 obese! – We source less than 5% of our food locally!
- 7. The Good News! • We can reclaim control over our local food supply. Local self reliance is achievable. • Liberation through Abundance. Nature is fecund. • We can grow what we need. • We have access to the information, plants, and materials we need. • Gardens and small farms are more efficient and grow healthier food than large scale agriculture. • Thriving vs. Surviving: a community endeavor
- 9. Our Nutritional Needs • Calories • Protein • Fat • Carbohydrates • Vitamins • Minerals • Phytonutrients • Medicinals
- 10. What do we eat? • Vegetables • Herbs and spices • Root Crops • Grains • Animals and animal products • Oils • Nuts • Fruits and berries • Mushrooms • Products of the above: ferments, sauces, canned and dried goods
- 11. Our Most Nutritious Foods • Vegetables - greens: sunflower - pumpkin - cabbage, kale, spinach sesame - hemp and collards - carrots - • Grain - oats - millet - Brussels sprouts - quinoa - buckwheat - peppers - squash - sweet spelt - barley - wheat potatoes - rice -potatoes - celery - green • Legumes - chick peas - beans - peas - asparagus - black-eyed peas - black parsley - onions - garlic - beans - pinto beans - other broccoli dried beans • Fruit - all berries - all • Fats - hemp oil - flax oil - melons - hardy citrus - pumpkin oil - grapes - cranberries - olive/hazelnut oil apples, pears - cherries - grape seed oil - peaches, plums • Animal Products - Fish - chickens and ducks - rabbits and guinea pigs - mulberry - squab - free range eggs - - paw paw yogurt - goat’s milk and - fig cheese - cottage cheese • Nuts (raw) - almonds - • Mushrooms walnuts - hazelnuts - chestnuts - pecans • Seeds (raw) - flax -
- 12. Antioxidant Super Foods Blackberries Asparagus Raspberries Yellow pepper Strawberries Green grapes Apples Black eye peas Plums Cooked tomatoes Cherries Red Cabbage FRUITS Peaches Red-leaf lettuce Elderberry Red grapes Broccoli Aronia berry Prunes Beets Sea Buckthorn Black Currants Tea Camellia Mulberry Serviceberry VEGGIES Muscadine Grape Collards/Kale Hardy Kiwi Potatoes Blueberries Kidney beans Cranberries Pinto beans
- 14. Regional Staples – Sweet Potatoes – Potatoes – Onions – Beans – Corn – Pumpkin and Squash – Cabbage and greens – Eggs – Fruit, nuts, and berries – Wild Plants and Game – Small and large Livestock
- 15. Plugging the local nutritional food gaps • Oils: Nuts, Seeds, Animal Fats • Minerals: soil remineralization • Grains • Staples • Cultivate more specialized farm/orchard enterprises to close the loop/ fill the niches.
- 16. Strategies for meeting our Nutritional needs Grow what you need: Begin in the Garden Cultivate the local community food shed. Neighborhood Town Local area Bioregion Region
- 17. In the Permaculture Garden • Build soil, plant plants, tend animals • Begin at the kitchen door and work outward on a controlled front. • Overcoming limiting factors. • Optimize use of space, fill the niches, stacking and packing. • Select for optimum nutrition: varietal selection • The art of placement: right plant, right place • Mixed perennial, annual, and animal production systems for creating food poly-cultures. • Diverse yields over time. Year round production. • A place for animals and fish.
- 18. Permaculture Garden Strategies • Vegetables to the center; nuts, fruits, and berries on the edges • For limited spaces, grow trees as shrubs • Speed succession. • Increase the productive edges. • Alley cropping • Use vertical space – Grow up, not out! • Use shady spaces • Use slopes to advantage
- 20. Cultivate the local community food shed. • Food Activism. The time is now! • Re-skilling: Learning the art of growing food • Cultivating interdependence: cooperation, a survival value • Neighborhood/Community gardens • Neighborhood/Community orchards, vineyards, berry patches, and medicine gardens • Wild Foods • Food and Medicine Forests. • Restore the commons – abandoned, abused, and neglected lands. • Support more local small and organic Farms. • Regionally source our needs.
- 21. Nutrition and Local Economics • Putting our money where our values lie; the myth of cheaper foods • Fresh food is nutritious food • Food miles vs. food feet • Vote with your dollars: Investing in local farms and allied businesses • Encourage farmers to grow what we need, then buy it. • Incredible Edible Todmorden
- 22. Have fun. Savor the journey toward an abundant future. CHUCK MARSH chuck@usefulplants.org www.usefulplants.org wwwlivingsystemsdesign.net