Gao Azaroff 03 26 09

Occupational Safety & Health Enforcement: Views on the near future by the Work Environment Department University of Massachusetts Lowell to the US Government Accountability Office March 31, 2009

Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) ,[object Object]

OSHA Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OSHA Strengths ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OSHA Weaknesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Silverstein M 2008

US Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Dept of Labor 2008. Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries & Illnesses.

Barriers to OSHA Enforcement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

www.thebravest.com/FDNYNewsArchive/1008/23f.htm , accessed March 26, 2009.

Failures Post 9/11 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Barab J. World trade center workers still suffering three years later. Confined Space 2004. spewingforth.blogspot.com/2004/09/world-trade-center-workers-still.html, accessed March 26, 2009.

Preventable Post 9/11 Problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hurricane Katrina Reconstruction www.thedailygreen.com/cm/thedailygreen/images accessed March 26 , 2009.

Hurricane Katrina Reconstruction ,[object Object],[object Object],Aguilar T, Podolsky L. Risk Amid Recovery. 2006 Labor Occupational Safety and Health Program.

Failure Post Katrina ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Aguilar 2006, Barab 2004 MSNBC www.msnbc.msn.com

Vulnerable Workers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Aguilar 2006, Barab 2004

[object Object],[object Object],Aguilar 2006

Post-Disaster Obstacles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Spotlight on Underlying Problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Barab 2004

These Problems Continue ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Independent Contractors ,[object Object],[object Object]

1. Support comprehensive health & safety programs at all workplaces

Health & Safety Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Silverstein M 2008

Health & Safety Committees ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Morse et al. New Solutions 2008;18(4):441-57. Brosseau LM et al. J Occup Environ Med. 2007; 49:338–45.

Enforcement is needed, but strict enforcement alone is not enough ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Silverstein M 2008 image: www.wickedlocal.com/brockton/archive/x8997584

An Alternative: 3 rd Party Inspections ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Silverstein M 2008

Viewing worker safety & health separately from environmental health limits both ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Build Broad, Long-Term Infrastructure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Silverstein M 2008

Count all Occupational Injuries and Illnesses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Prevent Exposure to Toxic Chemicals

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Kriebel D. Cancer Prevention through a Precautionary Approach to Environmental Chemicals. Lowell Center for Sustainable Production Presentation, March 6, 2009

Example: Benzene ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Infante PF. Benzene: an historical perspective on the American and European occupational setting. 38-51 in Harremöes et al eds., Late lessons from early warnings: the precautionary principle 1896–2000, 2001, European Environment Agency.

Uncontrolled Risk Affecting Public ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Infante 2001

Workplace Toxins Affect Everyone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Kriebel 2009

Precautionary Principle Case Studies

Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.TURI.org

Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA) ,[object Object],[object Object]

TUR Approaches ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.TURI.org

TURA Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TURA Successes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.TURI.org

Sustainable Hospitals Project (SHP) at UMass Lowell ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Quinn MM et al. J Occup Environ Hygiene 2006; 3:182-93.

2. Strengthen and update enforcement initiatives

Visible Top-Level Support ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Increase Fines and Penalties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Madland and Walter 2008

New Standards for Priority Hazards ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Harrison R et al. Protecting workers on the job. American Public Health Association 2009.

Protect Employee Rights ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Silverstein M 2008

Reprisal = Key Hazard ,[object Object],[object Object],Lashuay N and Harrison R. Barriers to Occupational Health Services for Low-Wage Workers in California. University of California 2006.

When retaliation is reported... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Leverage Resources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Madland and Walter 2008

Protect Vulnerable Populations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Madland and Walter 2008

Abuse of Immigrants Harms All Workers ,[object Object],[object Object]

3. Prevent musculoskeletal disorders through efficient design and work organization

Musculoskeletal disorders ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Albertsen K et al. Scand J Public Health 2007; 35:78-85.

Musculoskeletal disorders ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Welch L. Scand J Work Environ Health 2009 Feb; 5(1):56-64. Welch 2009 Hagberg M et al. Ergonomics 2007;50(11):1820-34.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],MSDs In Washington State

Ergonomics means fitting the job to the worker Silverstein M 2005

Ergonomics is not new... A centuries-old safety and efficiency problem . Silverstein M 2005

A 19th-century ergonomic solution - safer and more efficient Silverstein M 2005

Musculoskeletal disorders are preventable! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Looking to the Future ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Gao Azaroff 03 26 09

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