3. minds
Ⅱ
information-processing systems
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4. information from world
(input)
↓
brain + mind
(hardware + program)
↓
mental state change, behavior, etc.
(output)
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5. brain = hardware
mind = program
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6. brain = hardware
mind = program
(?)
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7. Chinese Room
[John Searle, 1980]
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8. Chinese request
(input)
↓
a monolingual English-speaking man
+ a set of rules written in English
(hardware + program)
↓
Chinese response
(output)
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10. He is a good guy.
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11. He is a good guy.
→ (PropN.) + (V.) + Indet. + (Adj. + N)
→ NP + V. + (Indet. + NP)
→ NP + (V. + NP)
→ (NP + VP)
→S
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12. Who is `he?'
How does `he' look?
He is a good guy.
What's the meaning of `good?'
Is there any hidden message?
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18. (A1) Programs are formal
(A2) Minds have mental contents
(A3) Syntax by itself is neither constitutive of
nor sufficient for semantics
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19. (A1) Programs are formal (syntactic)
Have ability to manipulate symbols (using syntax)
But don't know what they mean
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20. (A2) Minds have mental contents (semantics)
Our thoughts have meanings
They represent things and we know what are they
represent
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21. (A3) Syntax by itself is neither constitutive of
nor sufficient for semantics
Already showed by Chinese Room thought exp.
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22. (A1) Programs are formal (syntactic)
(A2) Minds have mental contents (semantics)
(A3) Syntax by itself is neither constitutive of
nor sufficient for semantics
Leads conclusion
(C1) Programs are neither constitutive of nor
sufficient for minds
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23. Thus,
mind ≠ program
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24. Given another axiom:
(A4) Brains cause minds
basic modern scientific consensus
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25. Leads another conclusion:
(C2) Any other system capable of causing
minds would have to have causal powers (at
least) equivlent to those of brains
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26. Further:
(C1) and (C2)
no programs can produce minds
“equivlent casual powers” produce minds
→ (C3)
programs do not have those powers
→ (C4)
brains do not use programs to produce minds
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27. Thus,
brain ≠ hardware
… that uses programs to produce mind
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28. References:
➔ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computationalism
➔ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitivism_(psychology)
➔ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_room
➔ http://www.iep.utm.edu/c/chineser.htm
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