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Copyright Law Overview



   By Geralyn Dominguez
What is Copyright?
 “Copyright  is a form of protection
 provided by the laws of the United States
 (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of
 ‘original works of authorship,’ including
 literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and
 certain other intellectual works.”1
What is Infringement?
 “Anyone    who violates any of the
  exclusive rights of the copyright
  owner ...is an infringer of the copyright or
  right of the author.”2
 If you do not obtain the “copyright
  owner's permission you may be liable for
  infringement.”2
Material you can freely use
 Unprotected works:
 - “Works that lack originality…
 - Works in the public domain
 - US Government works
 - Facts
 - Ideas, processes, methods, and
 systems described in copyrighted
 works.”3
Material you can freely use
continued
 “Library-licensed
                 works
 Creative Commons licensed works” 3

 Works covered by implied license3
What is the Public Domain?
   “A public domain work is a creative work that is
    not protected by copyright and
    which may be freely used by everyone. The
    reasons that the work is not protected include:
    (1) the term of copyright for the work has
    expired; (2) the author failed to satisfy statutory

    formalities to perfect the copyright or (3) the
    work is a work of the U.S. Government.”4
What is Creative Commons?
 “Creative  Commons is a nonprofit
  organization that enables the sharing
  and use of creativity and knowledge
  through legal tools.”5
 It’s free and they work with copyright.5
Creative Commons continued
 Visitcreativecommons.org to find CC-
  licensed content that you are openly and
  legally permitted to use.5
But what is Fair Use?
 Fairuse allows you to reproduce
  copyrighted works if your intent is
  considered “fair.” Examples include
  using the work for “criticism, comment,
  news reporting, teaching, scholarship,
  and research.”6
Fair Use: Two Questions to ask
yourself
 “Isthe use you want to make of
  another’s work transformative--that is,
  does it add value to and repurpose the
  work for a new audience”?3
 “And is the amount of the material you
  want to use appropriate to achieve your
  transformative purpose?”3
Four Question Fair Use Test
 “What   is the character of the use?
 What is the nature of the work to be
  used?
 How much of the work will be used?

 What effect would this use have on the
  market for the original or for permissions
  if the use were widespread?”3
TEACH Act and the Classroom
 The TEACH Act is a “separate set of rights in
  addition to fair use, to display (show) and
  perform (show or play) others’ works in the
  classroom.”7
 Certain limitations apply for “in-class” vs.
  “distance education” classrooms.
 Visit copyright.lib.utexas.edu/teachact.html for help
  in making the determination of use.
You can always ask for
permission
A  good starting point is a collective rights
  organization such as the Copyright
  Clearance Center.8
 Contact the owner and get written
  permission. 8
 For additional resources, visit:

  http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/permissn.html (sic)
References
1.   Copyright Basics. (May 2012). Copyright: United States Copyright Office. Retrieved
     September 5, 2012. From http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ01.pdf
2.   Stopping Copyright Infringement. (March 10, 2010). Copyright: United States Copyright
     Office. Retrieved September 7, 2012. From http://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faq-
     infringement.html
3.   Harper, Georgia K. (2012). Building On Others’ Creative Expression: Fair Use of
     Copyrighted Materials. Copyright Crash Course. Retrieved September 1, 2012. From
     http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/copypol2.html
4.   Gasaway, Lolly. (November 4, 2003). When U.S. Works Pass into the Public Domain.
     University of North Carlina. Retrieved September 9, 2012. From
     http://www.unc.edu/~unclng/public-d.htm
5.   About. (n.d.). Creative Commons. Retrieved September 4, 2012. From
     http://creativecommons.org/about
6.   Fair Use. (June 2012). Copyright: United States Copyright Office. Retrieved September
     15, 2012. From http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html
7.   Harper, Georgia K. (2012). Building On Others’ Creative Expression: The TEACH Act.
     Copyright Crash Course. Retrieved September 1, 2012. From
     http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/teachact.html
8.   Harper, Georgia K. (2012). Building On Others’ Creative Expression: Getting Permission.
     Copyright Crash Course. Retrieved September 1, 2012. From
     http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/permissn.html

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Copyright law overview

  • 1. Copyright Law Overview By Geralyn Dominguez
  • 2. What is Copyright?  “Copyright is a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of ‘original works of authorship,’ including literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works.”1
  • 3. What is Infringement?  “Anyone who violates any of the exclusive rights of the copyright owner ...is an infringer of the copyright or right of the author.”2  If you do not obtain the “copyright owner's permission you may be liable for infringement.”2
  • 4. Material you can freely use  Unprotected works: - “Works that lack originality… - Works in the public domain - US Government works - Facts - Ideas, processes, methods, and systems described in copyrighted works.”3
  • 5. Material you can freely use continued  “Library-licensed works  Creative Commons licensed works” 3  Works covered by implied license3
  • 6. What is the Public Domain?  “A public domain work is a creative work that is not protected by copyright and which may be freely used by everyone. The reasons that the work is not protected include: (1) the term of copyright for the work has expired; (2) the author failed to satisfy statutory formalities to perfect the copyright or (3) the work is a work of the U.S. Government.”4
  • 7. What is Creative Commons?  “Creative Commons is a nonprofit organization that enables the sharing and use of creativity and knowledge through legal tools.”5  It’s free and they work with copyright.5
  • 8. Creative Commons continued  Visitcreativecommons.org to find CC- licensed content that you are openly and legally permitted to use.5
  • 9. But what is Fair Use?  Fairuse allows you to reproduce copyrighted works if your intent is considered “fair.” Examples include using the work for “criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research.”6
  • 10. Fair Use: Two Questions to ask yourself  “Isthe use you want to make of another’s work transformative--that is, does it add value to and repurpose the work for a new audience”?3  “And is the amount of the material you want to use appropriate to achieve your transformative purpose?”3
  • 11. Four Question Fair Use Test  “What is the character of the use?  What is the nature of the work to be used?  How much of the work will be used?  What effect would this use have on the market for the original or for permissions if the use were widespread?”3
  • 12. TEACH Act and the Classroom  The TEACH Act is a “separate set of rights in addition to fair use, to display (show) and perform (show or play) others’ works in the classroom.”7  Certain limitations apply for “in-class” vs. “distance education” classrooms.  Visit copyright.lib.utexas.edu/teachact.html for help in making the determination of use.
  • 13. You can always ask for permission A good starting point is a collective rights organization such as the Copyright Clearance Center.8  Contact the owner and get written permission. 8  For additional resources, visit: http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/permissn.html (sic)
  • 14. References 1. Copyright Basics. (May 2012). Copyright: United States Copyright Office. Retrieved September 5, 2012. From http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ01.pdf 2. Stopping Copyright Infringement. (March 10, 2010). Copyright: United States Copyright Office. Retrieved September 7, 2012. From http://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faq- infringement.html 3. Harper, Georgia K. (2012). Building On Others’ Creative Expression: Fair Use of Copyrighted Materials. Copyright Crash Course. Retrieved September 1, 2012. From http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/copypol2.html 4. Gasaway, Lolly. (November 4, 2003). When U.S. Works Pass into the Public Domain. University of North Carlina. Retrieved September 9, 2012. From http://www.unc.edu/~unclng/public-d.htm 5. About. (n.d.). Creative Commons. Retrieved September 4, 2012. From http://creativecommons.org/about 6. Fair Use. (June 2012). Copyright: United States Copyright Office. Retrieved September 15, 2012. From http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html 7. Harper, Georgia K. (2012). Building On Others’ Creative Expression: The TEACH Act. Copyright Crash Course. Retrieved September 1, 2012. From http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/teachact.html 8. Harper, Georgia K. (2012). Building On Others’ Creative Expression: Getting Permission. Copyright Crash Course. Retrieved September 1, 2012. From http://copyright.lib.utexas.edu/permissn.html