Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...
Impact of kickstart treadle pumps in east africa
1. Impact of Kickstart treadle
pumps in East Africa
Ephraim Nkonya (IFPRI)
Beatrice Salasya (KickStart
International)
2. Where the KS pump owners located?
Pump owners in
(i) Dry areas (e.g.
north-central Kenya,
Tabora in TZ
(ii) Humid & Sub-humid
e.g. Western Kenya,
North-east Tanzania
Market access differ
significantly in all
Locations
Selection will take these
differences into account
3. Conceptual Framework
Treadle
pump
purchased
HH income
& assets ↑
Homestead
water supply ↑
Homestead
water
management
changes
Food and
agriculture
production ↑
Hygiene &
sanitation
improves ↑
Dietary
diversity ↑
Food
expenditures ↑
Healthcare
expenditures ↑
Poor water
drainage &
breeding
mosquitos
Improved
health &
nutrition
Worsened
health
4. KickStart International Approach
• Market based acquisition of treadle pumps –
no subsidies or any other support to pump
buyer – only one year guarantee given
• Cheap pump targeted to the poor (pumps
price <US$100)
• Manual – treadle pumps – so cheap to
operate in remote areas
5. Source of funds to purchase pumps,
preliminary based on results
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Kenya Tanzania
%reportingsourceoffunds
Own funds
Other sources
6. Ownership of pumps across gender,
2010 sales
21
4
79
96
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Kenya Tanzania
%ofpumpowneracrossgender
Female
Male
7. Questions asked on gender
• Ownership of assets
• Who controls revenue from pumps & other
economic activities?
• Changes of sanitary & hygiene practices for
men, women, children
• Gender division of all economic activities
• Many other gender disaggregated socio-
economic data collected
8. Challenges
• Children age out of the sample group in three
year period, so hard to collect panel data to
assess impact on individual children under 5
yrs age
• Treatment (buying pumps) is not randomized
since it operates through open market
• Promotion of pumps done using mass media
• Six year data collection is expensive and takes
long time to collect