The document discusses the Industrial Revolution, including its origins in England and key technological innovations that drove it. Some of the major developments mentioned include the invention of the steam engine, which provided new sources of power beyond water wheels, and innovations in textile manufacturing like the spinning jenny and power loom. The document also examines impacts of the Industrial Revolution such as urbanization, changes to labor, and both positive and negative consequences.

2. traditional modern

3. Labor-intensive Capital intensive
New forms of power, particularly
machines, replaced animal strength and human
muscle.

4. 1. M I L __S
2. E D M U N D C __ RT __ R I G HT
3. ELI __ H IT N E __
4. B __S S E M E __ P __ O C E __ S
5. M A __ A D A __ I Z A __ I O N
6. S __ E A M B __ AT

5. INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION
Technological
Innovations

6. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Refers to the
social and
economic
changes that led
to the transition
from
agricultural and
commercial
society to a
modern
industrial one.
Remarkable
change in man’s
life caused by
the replacement
of hand labor by
machine work.

7. The Industrial
Revolution began
in England in the
middle of the 18th
century.
Why the
industrial
revolution
began in
England?

8. Reasons why
industrial
revolution
began in
England.
Labor
supply
Natural
Resources
Investment
capital
Entrepreneurs
Transportation
Markets

9. LABOR SUPPY

10. Britain had large
resources of coal
and iron ore.
From its colonies
Britain obtained
other resources.

11. Britain had capital available for investing in
new industries.
Funds came from wealthy landowners and
from merchants who had grown rich through
trade.

12. Britain had
energetic and
daring
entrepreneurs.
People who
organized and
managed
businesses

13. Britain had many fine harbors as well an
extensive canal system.
It was far cheaper to transport heavy
goods by water than by land.

14. Great Britain
and its colonies
overseas
provided a good
market for the
sale of
manufactured
goods.

15. The weaving
of threads
into cloth.
In the
making of
cloth , two
processes
were
employed:
The spinning
of threads into
cloth.

16. Invented the “flying shuttle” which
doubled the speed of weaving cloth
An English
watchmaker

17. An English
carpenter invented
the spinning jenny
named after his
wife jenny, which
could spin 80
threads at one
time.

18. A poor
English
barber, inve
nted the
water frame
by adding
the
“spinning
jenny”

19. An Anglican clergy
man, invented the power
loom which quickened the
process of weaving.

20. This machine made possible an adequate supply
of American cotton for England’s mills, for it
speeded up the removal of seeds from the cotton

21. NEW SOURCES OF POWER
All the machines
which had been
invented were
operated by water
power.
The factories
called “mills”
were
established
only near a
rapid stream
or waterfall.

23. Watt’s steam engine
supplied most of the
power to run industries
in England and in other
countries in Europe.

24. Renowned British
chemist, best known for
his experiments in
electrochemistry and for
his invention of a
miner's safety lamp.
This saved thousands of
lives of miners who might
have been killed through
explosions of deadly
gases in the coal mines.
Sir
humphrey
Davy

25. MICHAEL FARADAY- an
English scientist who
contributed to the fields of
electromagnetism and
electrochemistry.
Electric
dynamo used
to run
machinery

26. an industrial facility for the generation of
electric power.
First harnessed in a super-powerful
bomb that destroyed the Japanese city
of Hirosima

27. NEW METAL FOR
INDUSTRIES

28. HENRY BESSEMER
British inventor, born in
Charlton, Hertfordshire, En
gland, and largely self-
educated.
Removing impurities from
iron and making it hard.
The refined iron is called
“STEEL”

29.  Mixture of manganese, tungsten and steel
to make a finer and lighter, yet strong.
 This alloy have been used in making
airplanes, automobiles, refrigerators and
precision tools.

30.  One effect of the
Industrial revolution
was the improvement of
transportation.
 A macadamized road is
one which is reinforced
by a layer of clay and
gravel.
John L. McAdam- a Scottish
engineer, used a new method in building
roads.

31. Macadamized road
Asphalt
road Concrete road

32.  Aside from roads, canals were built to
facilitate the flow of trade.
 Many inland canals were dug in Europe and
America.
 In 1825, the Erie Canal which connects the
Great Lakes and the Hudson River was
completed.

34.  Suez Canal(1869)
 Panama canal(1914)
Suez Canal -
connecting the Red
Sea and the
MediterraneanThe Panama canal connects
two oceans-The Pacific and
the Atlantic Ocean

35.  Robert Fulton invented the first steamboat
Clermont successfully
sailed by means of steam
power along the Hudson
River from NewYork to
Albany in 32 hrs..

36. The Savannah crossed the
Atlantic in 29 days using
part steam and part sail.
GREAT WESTERN- crossed the
Atlantic in 15days using the
steam power throughout the
whole trip.

37.  George Stephenson- invented the first
steam locomotive.
He used it in 1825 on the
Stockton(California) and
Darlington Railroad.
The first railroad in
the world.

38.  German engineer and inventor, born in
Schorndorf,Württemberg.
 invented the first gasoline engine.

39.  German inventor of diesel engine, using
crude oil.
 This engine, which is cheaper to operate
than gasoline-powered machine. Used in
automobiles, trains, ships, and factories.

40.  A former bicycle mechanic, who founded the
FORD MOTOR COMPANY IN 1902.
 American industrialist, best known for his
pioneering achievements in the automobile
industry.

41.  The discovery of rubber vulcanization in 1839
contributed to the rise of the automobile
industry.

42. The Montgolfier brothers
( French) sent up the first balloon
on July 5, 1783

43.  Wilbur Wright
 Orville Wright
They invented the first
airplane and flew it
successfully on December
1903 in Kitty Hawk, North
Caroline.

44.  Invented a cigar-shaped
ballon, named after him.
 DuringWorldWar
(1914-1918), huge Zeppelins
bombed London, and
the airplanes of the
combatants fought in
the skies.

45. REVOLUTION IN
COMMUNICATION

46. Better means of
communication developed
as a result of the Industrial
Revolution.

47. An American who
Invented the first
telegraph.
On May 24, 1844, he
sent the first telegraph
message from
Washington to
Baltimore

48.  A NewYork merchant, succeeded in laying
the first underwater submarine telegraph
cable across the Atlantic

49.  A Scot-born American, invented the
telephone.

50.  An Italian who invented the wireless
telegraphy.

51.  Futher improvement in communications has
been realized with the marvelous growth of
the:
 - newspaper due to the invention of linotype
machine
 Rotary press
 teletype

52. THE
AGRICULTURAL
REVOLUTION

53. TheAgricultural
Revolution started in
England. In order to
increase agricultural
production, farmers had
to adopt scientific
methods of cultivation
and to use farm
machinery.

54.  An English country gentleman invented the
“SEED DRILL”
A farm machine that plants
seeds in spacious rows to insure
better cultivation

55.  An English,A friend of JethroTull and a
worked out an efficient system of crop
rotation.
 He doubled the yield per
Hectare of the farm by
growing different crops
Alternatively.

56.  An Englishman who introduced the scientific
breeding of animals.
He discovered that the quality of
cattle, horses, and sheep, could
be improved by the selection
breeding.

57. Luther Burbank, an
American
botanist, horticulturist, an
d plant breeding pioneer
of the late
1800s, developed
improved techniques for
plant propagation .
His work resulted in the creation of new varieties
of vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants.

58. Inventor Cyrus McCormick
introduced the horse-drawn
reaper in 1831..
The reaper allowed the average
farmer to harvest his crops five
times faster than before.

59.  He introduced the artificial fertilization.
 German chemist and educator, known for his
skill in experimentation.
He proved that by adding certain
chemicals, such as potash, nitrogen, and
phosphorus to the soil, its fertility could be
restored or increased.

60. Born to slave
parents, George
Washington
Carver became
an internationally
respected
agricultural
scientist.
He is known
primarily for
developing
industrial and
commercial uses for
peanuts, soy
beans, and sweet
potatoes.

61.  The greatestAmerican inventor, produced
more than 1000 inventions.
 PHOTOGRAPH(1878)
 ELECTRIC LIGHT BULB(1879)
 MOVIES OR MOTION PICTURES( 1893)

62.  He invented the parachute(1797))

63.  RENE LAENEC (French-1819)- Stethoscope
 Louis Daguerre(French-1839)- Photography
 Elias Howe(American- Sewing machine
 J. E. Lundstrom( Swede-1855)- Safety
match
 Christopher Sholes(American-1868)-
Typewriter
 LewisWaterman(American-1884)-
fountain pen

64.  William Barrows( American-1885) adding
machine
 George Eastman(American-1888)- camera
 Lee de Forest(American-1906)-radio
telephone
 Goerges Claude( French-1915)-neon lamp
 John L. Baird( Scottish-1926)-television
 HowardAiken(American-1937)- electric
computer

65.  ChesterCarlson( American-1937)-
xerography
 Axel L.Wenner- Gren (Swede-1946)-
monorail

66.  Expansion of industry
 Increase of commerce and trade
 Growth of population
 Rise of cities
 Greater comforts and higher standard of
living
 Division of labor
 Increase of wealth

67.  1. Ruin of the domestic system, causing the
disappearance of small independent working
classes.
 2. Rise of the factory system which has led to the
exploitation of the workingmen.
 3. growth of cities and decadence of rural
communities.
 4. child and woman labor
 5. Unemployment of workers
 6. concentration of wealth in the hands of a few
capitalists
 7. bitter class war between labor and capital.

68.  1. Industrial revolution, by means of the
railway, steamboat, telegraph, and
newspaper, fostered nationalism, for it
helped people within a country know one
another.
 2.The Industrial Revolution intensified
internationalism.
 - the new means of of transportation and
communication broke down the barriers of
misunderstanding among nations.