1. Ocean County College BIOL 161 Lectures Chemistry of Life … ...Better known as … BIOCHEMISTRY! BIOL161_03
2. FUNCTIONAL GROUP STRUCTURAL FORMULA EXAMPLES COMPOUNDS Hydroxyl - OH Ethanol Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids Carbonyl - C = 0 Acetaldehyde Carbohydrates, nucleic acids Carboxyl OH - C = 0 Acetic Acid Proteins, lipids Amino H - N H Alanine Proteins, nucleic acids Sulfhydryl - S - H Cysteine Proteins Phosphate O - - O – P – O O Glycerol Phosphate Nucleic acids Methyl H - C – H H Alanine Proteins Primary Functional Chemical Groups (click on 'Examples' for more information)
65. The substrate is a short polysaccharide made from six sugar molecules, which is part of the bacterial cell wall.
66. The substrate (in bold) is wedged into its active site and held in place by the hydrogen bonds (shown as dotted lines).
67. This is the ‘ enzyme- substrate complex ’ which forms for a brief moment during any enzyme controlled reaction.
68.
69. The head of the molecule is a carboxyl group which is hydrophilic .
70. Fatty acids are the main component of soap, where their tails are soluble in oily dirt and their heads are soluble in water to emulsify and wash away the oily dirt.
71.
72. The 'kinks' in the tail (caused by C=C bonds) cause the molecules to have large spaces in between the tails, and causes the fats to be liquid at room temp.
