Руководство для водителя ратрака

Kässbohrer Geländefahrzeug AG
Kässbohrerstraße 11
D-88471 Laupheim

Printed in Germany
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written permission.
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trated in this operating manual.

2 Halfpipe 032003.en

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Halfpipe 032003.en 3

CONTENTS

H ALFPIPE F UN PARK

ADVANTAGES OF A HALFPIPE / FUN PARK 5 THE P ARKBULLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

SITING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 PREPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
– Siting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
PREPARATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
– Jumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
– The Pipe Magician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
– Bank turn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
– Technical data of
– Hip jump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
standard halfpipe and superpipe . . . . . 10
– Loaf jump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
– How to build it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
– Multi-jump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
– Glacier terrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
– Rail slide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 – Quarter pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
– Spine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
– Table-top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
– Roller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
– Step-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

ADVANTAGES OF A HALFPIPE / FUN PARK

This guide tells you how to go about building a half- Kässbohrer Geländefahrzeug AG has worked to-
pipe / fun park. gether with international associations to develop
the Pipe Magician, a machine that is ideal for build-
ing halfpipes to the latest, most exacting standards.
Ever since snowboarding was invented, the ongo-
ing search for new thrills and excitement has been a
characteristic of this new group of sports enthusi-
asts.
A well-groomed halfpipe / fun park will keep snow-
boarders coming back to your skiing resort season
after season.
Insiders soon get to know where the best features
are to be found.

Advantages of a halfpipe / fun park
G Attracts new clientele

G Events such as snowboard camps

G International competitions

FOR YOUR NOTES

Halfpipe 032003.en

SITING

H A ski resort will always boost its image by siting Choosing the orientation for the halfpipe:
the halfpipe close to a restaurant or a sun deck.

H The halfpipe should be easily accessible for
snowboarders and for spectators.
North side
H The snowboarder should have the opportunity of
experiencing ADVENTURE to the full. G This is where the snow stays longest
G Less upkeep
Disadvantage:
G Poor light for photographers
G Low temperatures
N OTE
Do not expect spectators to make their way to a South side
halfpipe that is awkwardly situated somewhere off G Southwards is best
the beaten track. Disadvantage:
G Snow tends to melt all the faster
G More upkeep necessary

East or west
G There will always be more sunlight on one
side than the other.

THE PIPE MAGICIAN

The best grooming dragon for the per-
fect pipe: the Pipe Magician
G Lightweight design
G User-friendly
G Swivels to both sides
G Folds for transport
G Lateral pivot
G Variable working speed
G Highly versatile
G Good operator visibility


TECHNICAL DATA, HALFPIPE

Technical data

STANDARD HALFPIPE
Width Height Transition Flat Vertical Length Slope angle

1 2 3
14 - 16 3-4 Radius 4 - 6 Max. 5 0.3 100 - 120 160 - 200
meters meters meters meters meter meters degrees

SUPERPIPE
Width Height Transition Flat Vertical Length Slope angle

1 2 3
17 - 20 4.5 - 6 Radius 5.5 - 8 Max. 0.5 0.5 120 - 140 160 - 200
meters meters meters meter meter meter degrees


TECHNICAL DATA, HALFPIPE

3
STANDARD PIPE

1 2 1

SUPER PIPE


PREPARATION

The step-by-step procedure
H Use spray paint to mark out a reference line.
Alternatively: Stretch a rope approximately 120
meters long.

H A helper indicates how close the driver has to
push the snow to the reference line.

H Once the first line of snow has been heaped up,
the next step is to build a ramp that the Pisten-
Bully can use to climb into position.


PREPARATION

NOTE
It might be advisable to wait overnight before pro-
ceeding to the finishing touches, depending on the
conditions of the snow. That will leave the snow
enough time to freeze. The snow has time to com-
pact.

H Now level off the ramp.
The height from the ramp to the flat should be
between 3.5 m and 4.5 m.

H Stake out a second reference line with rods
spaced 10 m apart to mark the line of fall.

H Use a chainsaw or a spade to shape the lip,
which should be 0.1 m to 0.2 m high.

Note
The lip is the take-off zone, and is crucial for free-
style jumps.


PREPARATION

A
B

Bear the following in mind when cutting the lip:
Lip A is not steep enough.
The snowboarder has to reduce speed. He/she is
left without a take-off point. Experience shows that
the snowboarder continues to travel along the edge
of the pipe, accelerating the rate of wear in this
zone.
Lip B is too steep.
The take-off carries the snowboarder to a landing
too far inside the halfpipe.

CAUTION!
Very high risk of injury.


PREPARATION

Transition
H The Pipe Magician is the groomer for building
the transition (radius) for the halfpipe.

H Always drive uphill when shaping the transition.
This is important so that you can keep the radii
constant on both sides.

H Begin by shaping the bottom arc of the radius
first.

H Finish the first transition before you move over to
the other side.


PREPARATION

Avalanche area or show deeper than
6 meters
H Mark out a reference line

H Cut out the lip

H Clear the snow


UPKEEP

The Pipe Magician is the ideal grooming dragon
for halfpipe upkeep.

NOTE
Start grooming as soon as the halfpipe closes for
the day. That will leave the snow enough time to
freeze.

H When grooming the transitions, always try to re-
duce corrections of the Pipe Magician to a mini-
mum.

NoteThe halfpipe will be all the more durable if
groom the transitions in multiple passes, removing
as little snow as possible on each pass.


PARK BULLY

Working in close co-operation with experienced op- The Park Bully is the first groomer to make fun
erators and fun-park specialists, Kässbohrer Gelän- parks easy to build and maintain.
defahrzeug AG has developed a Park Bully
groomer.
The new kinematics of front adapter-plate system
and rear carrier open up enormous potential for oper-
ation with auxiliary driven machinery.
The snow blower can be switched on even when
raised. That makes the machine ideal for grooming
jumps and take-offs.

PARK BULLY


PREPARATION

Bear the following basic points in mind as you
proceed:
G In terms of technical difficulty, the fun park
should be easy for beginners to use.

G Your fun park should appeal to snowboarders
Siting and skiers alike.

H Begin by drawing a sketch. G The fun park must be safe.

All you want to do at this stage is gain a general im-
pression of the overall layout.

H As you plan the park, try to make full use of the
lay of the land to position the jumps and turns.


PREPARATION


JUMPS

How to build a jump
H Decide on the best possible location.

H Basic shape
Pile up snow to form the basic shape.

H main shape
Pile up snow for optimum positioning of the take
off and the landing.


JUMPS

H Shape the angle of approach and the angle of
departure.

H Check the shape and angle of the take-off and
landing.

H Apply the finishing touches and smooth out the
start area.


JUMPS

Variations for a jump
1 START
2 JUMP
3 ROLLER


BANK TURN

Name: .................. BANK TURN
Ideal location
Slope angle: ............ No restrictions
Terrain: .................... No restrictions
Direction: ................ Approached at an angle

Bank turns are used to change the direction of the
line of travel.
Curves can also be used to good effect to deter-
mine speed in the fun park.
Ride-in shaped
Ride-in shaped curves have a simple structure,
they are easy to build and the line relative to other
elements is easy to establish.
Manual work (with a shovel) is necessary to an ex-
tent that depends on the frequency with which the
curve is used.


BANK TURNS

Name: .................. BANK TURN
Ideal location
Slope angle: ........... No restrictions

A machine-built bank turn enables the user to turn
through a longer radius than is possible in a ride-in
turn shaped by snowboards or skis.
Users in tightly radiused machine-built bank turns
are subjected to higher centrifugal forces.

it takes a trained eye and an experienced snow-
groomer driver to design and prepare machine-built
banked turns, in order to ensure that the line
matches that of other elements in the park.


BANK TURNS

G When you build a turn, make sure that the ra- G If you build contiguous turns, make sure that
dius tails off uniformly toward the exit. there is a flowing transition from the exit of
This is to ensure that the speed of snow- the first to the entry of the second.
boarders does not change as they leave the
curve.
- Less risk of injury.

G Use rods to stake out the contour of the
curve.
G The ramp should be at least 6 meters wide to
allow for proper grooming of the turn.

HIP JUMP

Name: .................. HIP JUMP
Ideal location
Slope angle: ........... Slight
Terrain: .................... Bump, edge
Direction: ................ Downward, cross, land at
an angle.

The term "hip" is borrowed from architecture: a
hipped roof has two faces sloping inward from the
gable ends of the building to a joining ridge. A hip
jump has only two sides that are actually used. One
is the in-run or take-off, the other is the landing or
out-run. Hip jumps can be of very large dimensions
and all skiers and snowboarders, irrespective of
ability, can use these elements. Users have a vari-
ety of jump variants to choose from; the larger the A hip jump built across the run can also be used to
hip jump, the smaller the risk of a bad landing.
limit the speed of the users travelling through the
park.


LOAF JUMP

Name: .................. LOAF JUMP
Ideal location
Slope angle: ............ Slight
Terrain: .................... Transitional

A loaf jump is a combination of table-top and jump.
As in a table-top, users jump over the flat table-top
and land on the opposite, downhill landing area.
The area at the side can also be used as a landing
zone, depending on the shape of the jump.
This fun-park element is ideal for a run that slopes off
to one side.


MULTI-JUMP

Name: .................. MULTI-JUMP
Ideal location
Slope angle: ........... Slight
Direction: ................ Downward

The multi-jump is a good choice whenever space is
at a premium, because the usable zones are uti-
lized to the full.

However, it is important to ensure that a multi-jump
is used by only one person at a time.
The in-runs or take-offs are built with different
lengths and angles of take-off to suit different abili-
ties, but the multi-jump has a common, purpose-
built landing or out-run.
A multi-jump generally takes up less landing area
than two individual jumps, but even so the landing
zone should be generously dimensioned.


RAIL SLIDE

Name: .................. RAIL SLIDE
Ideal location
Slope angle: ............ Slight

Rail slides are a straight lift from skating parks. Rails
might be extremely popular or virtually ignored, de-
pending on the user group attracted to the park.
The materials used for rail slides vary (wood, plastic,
steel).
The rails have to be checked regularly for cranks and
projecting splinters: the frequency of these checks
depends on the material, design and usage.
Removable rail slides are recommended in areas
with heavy precipitation, as otherwise a great deal of
manual labor is involved in digging out the rails.


QUARTER PIPE

Name: .................. QUARTER PIPE
Ideal location
Slope angle: ........... Shallow
Direction: ................ Downward and across

A feature of virtually every skate park.
The quarter pipe is always a popular element in the
snow park.

A quarter pipe uses the same area for approach/
take-off as for landing.

The flat or radius of the quarter pipe is known as the
transition, or tranny for short. The flat surface is
the deck and the edge where deck and transition
meet is the lip or coping.


SPINE

Name: .................. SPINE
Ideal location
Slope angle: ............ Shallow
Terrain: .................... Edge

The spine is a highly versatile element that can be
approached from different sides and at a variety of
angles.
If the approach is from in front the landing can be to
left or right; snowboarders land on the preferred
side in accordance with their stance, in other words
backside or frontside. Consequently, take-off can
be on one side and the landing on the opposite
side. ferent angle. By the same token, it is important to
Precisely because it is so versatile, it is important to ensure that all the take-off angles for the spine are
ensure that the spine is well clear of other ele- in good view and recognizable.
ments, so that users have plenty of opportunity to
see whether anyone else is approaching from a dif-

TABLE-TOP

Name: .................. TABLE-TOP
Ideal location

The table-top is a key component in a snow park. It
is the standard element that can best be changed
and modified in accordance with the quantity of
snow available. The angle of the take-off or in-run
and the length of the flat deck determine the fly and
the reaction of the skier or snowboarder. The land-
ing or out-run has to be sized to suit the length of
the deck and the take-off angle in order to ensure
that users have a "soft" contact with the snow when Conversely, a steep take-off angle necessitates a
they land. A shallow take-of angle calls for a shal- correspondingly steep slope in the landing zone.
low but long landing slope. A trained eye is necessary for gauging the propor-
tions of the table top.


ROLLER

Name: .................. ROLLER
Ideal location
Slope angle: ............ Shallow

A succession of rolls gives users the sensation of
weightlessness, even though they remain in contact
with the surface of the snow.
Depending on the pitch of the rolls and their shape,
it is possible to pick up more speed on a roller than
on a shallow, smooth downslope.

Risk of accident:
Rollers built for beginners and users of average
ability should have plenty of space between the Rolls are used in boarder and ski-cross runs where
successive rolls, so that users have ample time most overtaking maneuvers are usually attempted
and opportunity to check their speed at regular in- in competitions.
tervals.


STEP-UP

Name: .................. STEP-UP
Ideal location

A step-up jump differs from a conventional table-
top in that the take-off zone is lower than the top of
the table.

A step-up jump calls for a precision take-off and
plenty of speed to clear the table-top and reach the
landing or out-run on the side opposite the take-
off or in-run.

If the proportions are correct and the take-off zone
is well groomed, users cross the jump with no more
than minimal clearance. A conventional table-top
of similar dimensions is cleared by a significantly
higher margin.

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