Scaling up, integrating and optimising CO2 capture plants can be associated with high risks and costs. Currently, there is a lack of standard codes and procedures to be used, making the development of CCS projects challenging. In this webinar, DNV GL presented the recommended qualification procedure for scaling-up CO2 capture technologies, from the lab to commercial scale. The technical risks associated with new CO2 capture technologies can be managed through a systematic qualification process. This process focuses on the identification of the risks and indicates how they can be evaluated and reduced with adequate qualification methods, such as analyses and testing. Aker Solutions illustrated how this procedure has been applied for scaling up their proprietary CO2 capture technology. This webinar was presented by Anastasia Isaenko, Consultant, Carbon Capture and Storage from DNV GL and Oscar Graff, Chief Technology Officer, Department of Clean Carbon from Aker Solutions.

1. How to manage technical risk in CO2 capture
technology development
Tuesday 10 June 2014, 1700 AEDT

2. Oscar Fr. Graff
Oscar holds a Master of Science degree in chemical
engineering from the Norwegian University of Science
and Technology (NTNU). He joined Aker in 1980 and
has been involved in concept and technology
development, major offshore and onshore projects,
and in different management positions.
Oscar has been actively involved in the development
of CO2 capture technology since 1999. He assumed
the position as Chief Technical Officer (CTO) in Aker
Clean Carbon in 2008 and is presently
Department Manager and CTO for Carbon Capture in
Aker Solutions.
Chief Technology Officer, Department of Clean Carbon, Aker Solutions

3. Anastasia Isaenko
Educated in process engineering, Anastasia Isaenko has
worked with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) related
issues since 2007.
Anastasia has been involved in Technology Qualification
projects within CCS and renewable energy technologies as
well as development of DNV Recommended Practices for
Qualifying CO2 Capture Technologies.
Consultant, Carbon Capture and Storage, DNV GL

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5. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Preferred partner
How to manage technical risk in CO2 capture
technology development
Value creation
through innovation
Slide 5
Webinar by Global CCS Institute
10 June 2014
Oscar Graff
CCS Department Manager and CTO

6. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
CCS in Aker Solutions
Technology ownership: Aker Solutions (100%)
Office: Fornebu (Oslo), Norway
■ A focused technology company
■ 20 years of CCS know-how and experience acquired via Aker projects
■ Core competence within flue gas treatment and CO2 capture
■ Invested ~400 MNOK (~$65M) in capture technology
■ Leading one of the largest CCS R&D programmes in Europe (SOLVit)
■ Operating a unique, advanced mobile test unit (MTU), engaged in several CCS projects.
■ Design, construction, start-up and operation of amine plant at Technology Centre Mongstad (TCM)
■ About 30 experts and 300 employees in Aker companies have been engaged in CCS
■ A leading technology provider of carbon capture world-wide (fossil fuels, refineries and cement)
■ Aker Solutions’ step by step business approach (risk management):
A global supplier of cost-effective CO2 capture plants and technology
1996 1996 1998 2007 2008 2011
Sleipner Field Kårstø Demo Study Mobile Test Unit
(MTU)
Large Scale Pilot
TCM
Kårstø CO2 Pilot
Develop – Test – Improve – Deploy
NTNU/SINTEF Lab Rig
2012
Slide 6

7. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Capture Technology – Potential risk elements
■ Complete design of capture plant and utility systems
■ Integration with emitter (main plant)
■ Heat and mass balance
■ Material selection
■ Instrument and control & monitoring
■ Equipment
■ Solvent
■ Turn-down
■ Availability
■ Lifetime
■ CO2 purity
■ Liquid waste
■ Emissions to air
■ Capture rate, energy demand
■ Solvent make-up, etc.
■ Performance guarantees
Slide 7
Performance guarantees can only be given
after the required qualifications,
tests and verifications have been carried out

8. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
What are the main challenges?
■ New amine solvents:
■ Capture efficiency
■ Energy demand (steam)
■ Degradation/make-up
■ Corrosion
■ Foaming
■ Reclaiming
■ Emission to air
■ HSE data
■ Materials (equipment, piping, valves, instruments, liner, gaskets etc.)
■ Equipment (type, internals etc.)
■ Actual flue gas condition (composition, particles, P & T)
■ Scale-up
Slide 8
Commercial application:
- only after long term testing (6-12 months) on actual flue gas in large scale pilot

9. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
R&D Programmes:
- SOLVit - Reclaiming
- BigCO2 - BigCCS
- CASTOR - Emissions
- Plastic Liner/Mat. - Cleo
Technology Qualification:
- DNV (DNV-RP-J201)
- CCM Project (4000 hr’s test at TCM)
Lab facilities:
- NTNU / SINTEF / IFE / Norner / NILU
Pilot Testing:
- TCM, Mongstad
- Tiller Pilot, Trondheim
- Mobile Test Unit (MTU)
- EnBW in Heilbronn
Aker Solutions partner in substantial R&D&Q programmes:
Total Projects = ~750 MNOK (~ $125M)
CCS Gas
Industrial
emissions
(cement, etc.)
CCS CoalStudy & FEED
TCM/CCM
Slide 9
TCM/CCM
Emission
degradation
in
atmosphere

10. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Develop and demonstrate solvents with
minimum energy consumption and lowest
possible environmental impact. This is done
step-wise and systematic:
SOLVit R&D
– main objectives:
Lab-
bench scale
Lab-
pilot scale
Full-height
pilot, Tiller
Real exhaust:
- MTU
- Heilbronn
Theoretical
evaluations
TCM:
- CHP gas
- RFCC gas
SOLVit Phase 1, 2 & 3 SOLVit Phase 3
Unique CC R&D Programme
 7 years programme (2008-2015)
 Fundamental R&D
 Extensive testing in pilots
 Heavy industry involvement
 332 MNOK ~$54M (phase 1,2 & 3)
Slide 10
Research environment Industrial environment

11. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Testing with clients actual flue gas at their site
MTU (Mobile Test Unit) – operating a complete capture plant from 2008
DCC
Blower Cooler
Absorber
Transport
ReclaimerDesorber
Process
Container
incl. Energy
Saver
MTU:
• Different flue gases
• Process improvements
• New robust solvents
• Reclaiming
• Degradation
• Corrosion
• Emissions
• LCC evaluations
• Capacity: 2000 TPA CO2
Slide 11
Main tool for verifications
and risk reduction!

12. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
MTU, Mobile Test Unit - Advanced CO2 capture pilot
Test campaigns in industrial environment since 2008:
coal & gas power, refinery & cement industry
Over 17 000
operating hours
MTU in operation at
Longannet Power Plant
Picture: Scottish Power
Alabama, US
National CCC
Risavika & TCM
Norway
ACCTM 1st in UK
ACCTM 1st at NCCC
2009
2011
2008 2012
Slide 12
ACCTM 1st at TCM

13. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
MTU relocated to Norcem cement plant at Brevik, Norway
Slide 13
1st large scale testing globally on a cement plant

14. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
 Technology: Aker Solutions
 Capacity: 78 000 tonnes CO2/year
 Gas Power (CHP) flue gas
~3,5 vol-% CO2
 Residual Catalytic Cracker (RCC) flue gas
12,9 vol-% CO2, resembling flue gas from coal
 Large turndowns, 16-100% plant capacity
 Flexibility in stripper operating pressures
 Flexibility in packing heights
 Utilities and tie-ins designed for 120%
to be able to test plant limitations
 Mobile Test Unit (MTU) screening tests run in parallel
 Extensive online analysis and monitoring instruments
 Unique equipment:
o Concrete absorber w/PP liner
o Two stripper systems with alternative reboiler design
o Energy saver module (~20% reduction in steam)
TCM- Unique and flexible amine facility in 2012
Slide 14

15. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner7 May 2014 Milestone Mongstad 3Slide 15
15 months extensive test programme
at Technology Centre Mongstad - TCM

16. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Our staged CCS development programme
■ From lab to commercial plants
■ DNV technology qualification (DNV-RP-J201)
The preferred partner
1996 2006 2015
Membrane Contactor Advance Post Combustion: reduced energy & solvent losses
SOLVit R&D
Reduced technical and commercial risk. Cost reductions
20081996 1998 2006 2010 2012 20xx
SINTEF/NTNU
Part of SOLVit
Syntetic gas
Diam.: 0.15 m
Height: 6 m
Capture: 0.01 t/h
AKER K-LAB
Membrane tests
Gas engine
Diam.: 0.4 m
Height: 12 m
Capture: 0.2 t/h
AKER SOLUTIONS
Mobile facility (MTU)
Coal, gas power,cement
Diam.: 0.4 m
Height: 25 m
Capture: 0.2 t/h
TILLER RIG
Part of SOLVit
Propane burner
Diam.: 0.2 m
Height: 25 m
Capture: 0.05 t/h
AKER SOLUTIONS
Mongstad Techn. Centre
Gas power & cracker
Diam.: 2.9 m
Height: 62 m
Capture: 8.9 t/h
FULL SCALE
Coal & gas power,
cement
Diam.: 10-20 m
Height: 45-50 m
Capture: 100-250 t/h
CASTOR+ RIG
EU Project
Coal power
Diam.: 1.1 m
Height: 28 m
Capture: 1.0 t/h
Aker S is partner
Cap. x ~15Capture x ~50
Experience from six pilots into full-scale
1 2 3 4 5 6

17. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENERDNV GL © 2013
10 june 2014
Anastasia Isaenko-DNV GL
How to manage technical risk in CO2
capture technology development
Global CCS Institute webinar
17

18. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Technology Qualification
DNV GL’s Definition of Qualification:
Qualification is the process of providing the evidence
that the technology will function within specific limits
with an acceptable level of confidence
Technology
Developer
Confidence
Project
Manager
Stakeholders

19. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Technology Challenges
 Introducing new unproven technology at commercial scale represent a technical
risk for various stakeholders in terms of technology performance, HSE issues,
project cost overruns and delays
 Many technology providers are unable to give process guarantees on key
performance parameters
19
DNV-RP-J201 “Qualification procedures for CO2 capture technology”
(2010)

20. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
The challenge facing new technology users –
Known or New Technology?
20
Return on Investment
Known
Technology
New
Technology
0 E[RoI] E[RoI] E[RoI]
New Technology
After TQ
Probability
New Technology increase the expected
value of the investment ...
but also increases the uncertainty

21. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Qualification Process (e.g. CO2 capture with amine)
21
Qualification Basis
Technology
Qualified
Qualification Plan
Execution of Plan
(Collect evidence)
Performance Assessment
Technology Assessment
Threat Assessment
Concept
Improvement
CO2 + N2 + O2
CO2-lean
solvent
CO2-rich solvent
N2 + O2
Absorber
Low temp.
Stripper
High temp.
Cooler
Steam
CO2
Power
and
heat
Flue gas
Capture rate: 86 %
Energy penalty: 66 MW
Define the expectations of the technology
e.g capture rate, emissions, energy penalty, reliability etc.

22. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Qualification Process
22
Qualification Basis
Technology
Qualified
Qualification Plan
Execution of Plan
(Collect evidence)
Performance Assessment
Technology Assessment
Threat Assessment
Concept
Improvement
1: Proven technology 2 - 4: New Technology
Technology Assessment according to DNV RP-J201
Application Area
1
Proven
2
Limited field history
3
New or unproven
1. Known 1 2 3
2. New 2 3 4
Technology status
Application Area
1
Proven
2
Limited field history
3
New or unproven
1. Known 1 2 3
2. New 2 3 4
Technology status
Divide the technology into manageable elements
and rate them

23. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Qualification Process
23
Qualification Basis
Technology
Qualified
Qualification Plan
Execution of Plan
(Collect evidence)
Performance Assessment
Technology Assessment
Threat Assessment
Concept
Improvement
Identify all relevant threats for the elements defined as new
and, judge the associated risks.

24. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Qualification Process
24
Qualification Basis
Technology
Qualified
Qualification Plan
Execution of Plan
(Collect evidence)
Performance Assessment
Technology Assessment
Threat Assessment
Concept
Improvement
…..
Long term (min. 3000 h) test with corrosion probesCorrosionLeakagePiping
Lab testing of
materials
suitability
3
Long term (min. 3000 h) test of solvent properties
Too high degradation of
solvent
Reduced CO2
capture rate
Solvent
Verify solvent
Properties
2
Pilot scale distributor testModelling uncertainty
Uneven
distribution in
column
Liquid distributor
in absorber
Validate CFD
Modelling1
Type of activityFailure MechanismFailure ModeComponent
Qualification
method
No
To adequately address the identified failure modes

25. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Qualification Process
25
Qualification Basis
Technology
Qualified
Qualification Plan
Execution of Plan
(Collect evidence)
Performance Assessment
Technology Assessment
Threat Assessment
Concept
Improvement
Collect qualification
data
(Work the plan)

26. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Qualification Process
26
Qualification Basis
Technology
Qualified
Qualification Plan
Execution of Plan
(Collect evidence)
Performance Assessment
Technology Assessment
Threat Assessment

27. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
DNV GL deliverablesQualification Work Process
Qualification Basis
Technology
Qualified
Qualification Plan
Execution of the plan
Performance Assessment
Technology Assessment
Threat Assessment
Statements from DNV GL
TECHNICAL REPORT
DET NORSKE VERITAS
Technology
Assessment
Report
Statement of
Feasibility
“No show
stoppers”
TECHNICAL REPORT
DET NORSKE VERITAS
Technology
Qualification
Plan
Endorsement of
Qualification Plan
“Technically
executable”
Technology
Certificate
“Technology
qualified”
TECHNICAL REPORT
DET NORSKE VERITAS
Technology
Qualification
Report

28. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Concluding remarks on Technology Qualification
 The risk of introducing unproven technologies can be high
 The DNV GL’s methodology focuses on addressing the high risk
elements of the technology
 The methodology ensures that the adequate tests are undertaken
before the deployment of the technology
 The technology risk management builds confidence in new
technologies
28
Technology risk management can provide confidence where wanted
process guarantees cannot be given

29. DNV GL © 2013 10 june 2014
Thank you for your attention!
29

30. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Back-up slides
Slide 30

31. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
ACC
Direct
Contact
Cooler
Flue
Gas
Fan
ACC
Absorber
Tower
Treated
Flue Gas
Flue Gas
Inlet
CO2
Compressor
CO2 to transport
ACC
Energy
Saver
ACC
Reclaimer
ACC
Reboiler
ACC
Desorber
Filter
package
ACC
Emission Control
& Anti-Mist
Water Wash
&
Water Balance
Absorption
Section
Rich/Lean
Hx
Technology, Process Design and Equipment: Technology advantages:
1. Most mature
2. Flexibility
3. For retrofit and new built
4. For various flue gases
5. Life Cycle Cost
6. Potential improvements
Technology Characteristics:
 Excellent performance data for coal and gas
power plants
 Testing of refinery cracker gas and gas from
cement industry
 Cost, energy and environmental focus
 Modularization
Key Equipment
1. Absorber Tower
2. Desorber incl. Reboiler
3. Direct Contact Cooler
4. Reclaimer
5. Energy Saver
Full scale plant and process design, specification of proprietary equipment packages,
solvent formulation, performance guarantees and licencing of technology
Slide 31
ACC= Advanced Carbon Capture

32. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Testing with clients actual flue gas at their site
MTU (Mobile Test Unit) – operating a complete capture plant from 2008
DCC
Blower Cooler
Absorber
Transport
ReclaimerDesorber
Process
Container
incl. Energy
Saver
MTU:
• Different flue gases
• Process improvements
• New robust solvents
• Reclaiming
• Degradation
• Corrosion
• Emissions
• LCC evaluations
• Capacity: 2000 TPA CO2
Slide 32

33. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Test Center Mongstad (TCM)
■ Video at youtube:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adu4-ahLE_0&feature=youtu.be
Slide 33

34. Confidential © 2014 Aker Solutions Preferred partner
Copyright and disclaimer
Copyright
Copyright of all published material including photographs, drawings and images in this document remains vested in Aker Solutions and
third party contributors as appropriate. Accordingly, neither the whole nor any part of this document shall be reproduced in any form nor
used in any manner without express prior permission and applicable acknowledgements. No trademark, copyright or other notice shall
be altered or removed from any reproduction.
Disclaimer
This Presentation includes and is based, inter alia, on forward-looking information and statements that are subject to risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ. These statements and this Presentation are based on current expectations,
estimates and projections about global economic conditions, the economic conditions of the regions and industries that are major
markets for Aker Solutions ASA and Aker Solutions ASA’s (including subsidiaries and affiliates) lines of business. These expectations,
estimates and projections are generally identifiable by statements containing words such as “expects”, “believes”, “estimates” or similar
expressions. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expectations include, among others,
economic and market conditions in the geographic areas and industries that are or will be major markets for Aker Solutions’ businesses,
oil prices, market acceptance of new products and services, changes in governmental regulations, interest rates, fluctuations in currency
exchange rates and such other factors as may be discussed from time to time in the Presentation. Although Aker Solutions ASA believes
that its expectations and the Presentation are based upon reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that those expectations will
be achieved or that the actual results will be as set out in the Presentation. Aker Solutions ASA is making no representation or warranty,
expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the Presentation, and neither Aker Solutions ASA nor any of its
directors, officers or employees will have any liability to you or any other persons resulting from your use.
Aker Solutions consists of many legally independent entities, constituting their own separate identities. Aker Solutions is used as the
common brand or trade mark for most of these entities. In this presentation we may sometimes use “Aker Solutions”, “we” or “us” when
we refer to Aker Solutions companies in general or where no useful purpose is served by identifying any particular Aker Solutions
company.
Slide 34

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